[463]. Other masculine substantives have occasionally this genitive: as, līberū̆m, of children; particularly in set phrases and in verse: as, centuria fabrū̆m, century of mechanics; Graiū̆m, of Greeks. With neuter substantives, as oppidū̆m, for oppidōrum, of towns, and with adjectives it is rare.
[464]. In the dative and ablative plural, -eis is rare ([98]): as, Epidamnieis (Plaut.). Stems in -io- have rarely a single ī: as, fīlīs, for sons. For -āīs, -ēīs, or -ōīs, see [458]. ambō, both, and duo, two, have ambōbus and duōbus ([640]).
[465]. Other case forms are found in inscriptions as follows:
N. -os, -om, with o retained ([107, c]): FILIOS, TRIBVNOS; POCOLOM; in proper names -o ([66]): CORNELIO; -u, rare: LECTV; -is, or -i, for -ius ([135, 2]): CAECILIS; CLAVDI; neuter -o ([61]): POCOLO. G. oldest form -ī: VRBANI; -ei, from 146 B.C. to Augustus: POPVLEI; CONLEGEI; -iī from stems in -io- not before Tiberius: COLLEGII. Ac. -om ([107], c): VOLCANOM; -o ([61]): OPTVMO VIRO; -u: GREMIV. Ab. -od, not after 186 B.C. ([426]): POPLICOD, PREIVATOD. Plural: N. -ei, always common ([98]): VIREI; FILEI; -ēs, -eis, -īs ([461]): ATILIES; COQVES; LEIBEREIS, i.e. līnerī; MAGISTREIS; MAGISTRIS; -ē, rare: PLOIRVME, i.e. plūrumī. G. -ōm or -ō ([61]) ROMANOM; ROMANO; -ōro ([61]): DVONORO. D. and Ab. -eis, the only form down to about 130 B.C. ([98]): ANTIQVEIS; PROXSVMEIS; -ēs, twice: CAVATVRINES.
GREEK NOUNS.
[466]. Greek stems in -o- are generally declined like Latin nouns, but in the singular sometimes have -os in the nominative, -on in the nominative or accusative neuter, rarely -ū in the genitive, or -ō in the feminine ablative. Plural, nominative sometimes -oe, masculine or feminine, and genitive, chiefly in book-titles, -ōn: as,
Nominative Īlios; Īlion or Īlium. Genitive Menandrū, of Menander. Ablative feminine adjective lectīcā octōphorō, in a sedan with eight bearers. Plural: nominative Adelphoe, the Brothers; canēphoroe, basket-bearers, feminine. Genitive Geōrgicōn liber, book of Husbandry. For Androgeōs, Athŏ̄s and Panthūs, see the dictionary.
[CONSONANT STEMS.]
The Third Declension.
Genitive singular -is, genitive plural -um.