[Fenzlii, Schulz. P. ovate then exp. sulphur then egg-yellow; g. ventricose, rosy; s. soon hollow, subattenuated, sulphur below the median ring.

[alutacea, Pers. P. campan. obtusely umb. glabrous, tan; g. crowded; s. glabrous, ring lax.

[xanthogramma, Ces. P. convex, umb. squamulosely punctate from the umbo, milk-white with densely crowded yellow striae; g. very broad, crowded; s. stuffed, thin, obsoletely annulate below middle.

transilvanica, Schulz. P. campan. striate to vertex, whitish, apex darker, edge lobed; g. crowded, unequal; s. hollow, paler than p., flocculose, ring complete, membranous.

PLUTEUS, Fr.

  1. * Cuticle of pileus fibrillose or floccose.
  2. cervinus, Schaeff. P. 4-9 cm. campan. exp. even, glabrous, then broken up into fibrillose squamules which fall away, smoky with a yellowish or fawn-coloured tinge; g. white then flesh-colour; s. 5-9 cm. solid, whitish with black fibrils; sp. 7-8 × 5-6; cystidia ventricose.
  3. var. rigens, Pers. P. grey, blackish, virgate or squamulose; s. glabrous, somewhat shining.
  4. var. patricius, Schulz. P. whitish then grey with umber or tan scales, then almost glabrous, silky shining, and radiately cracked; s. even, white.
  5. var. eximius, Saund. and Sm. Large and showy. P. even, with a separable viscid pellicle, reddish-umber, vermilion near edge when young; s. fibrillose, at length blackish.
  6. var. petasatus, Fr. P. umb. glabrous, greyish white, with a separable pellicle, at length striate to middle; s. fibrillosely striate, at length tawny.
  7. var. Bullii, Berk. P. convex, smooth, even, pallid, disc darker; s. pale brown.
  8. [sororiata, Karst. P. campan. exp. floccosely scaly, yellow; g. flesh-colour; s. pallid then yellowish; sp. 7-8 × 6.
  9. [montellicus, Sacc. P. flesh spongy, dry, exp. yellowish, almost glabrous; g. olive-grey; s. fibrous, rufescent, incurved; sp. 10 × 8.
  10. umbrosus, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then exp. lacunose-rugose, at first downy, umber, edge ciliato-fimbriate; g. edge smoky-fimbriate; s. 4-7 cm. solid, squamulosely downy, pale; sp. 6-7 × 5; cystidia ventricose.
  11. Differs from P. cervinus in downy p. and dark-edged gills.
  12. ephebius, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, covered with bluish down, edge naked; g. yellowish flesh-colour; s. 4-7 cm. stuffed, glabrous, slightly striate, whitish or tinged grey; sp. 7 × 4.
  13. Differs from P. cervinus in minutely downy p. which is sometimes brownish-violet.
  14. var. drepanophyllus, Schulz. P. umber; s. at length hollow.
  15. [granulatus, Bres. (= plautus, Q., not of Fr.) P. campan. then exp. hygr. edge striate, rufescent, densely covered with minute granules of same colour; g. free, edge fimbriate; s. hyaline-white, often compressed, grooved, rather scurfy, somewhat rooting; sp. 6-8.
  16. violarius, Mass. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. hemisph. then nearly plane, minutely velvety, watery, dark purple, flesh grey; g. flesh-colour, edge serrulate; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, whitish upwards, base pale brown with black fibrils; sp. subgl. 5-6.
  17. salicinus, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. exp. subumb. bluish-grey, disc darker and floccosely rugose; g. rosy; s. 2-3 cm. stuffed, fibrillose, bluish-white; sp. ——.
  18. var. beryllus, Pers. P. greenish.
  19. var. floccosus, Karst. P. floccosely scaly.
  20. hispidulus, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. convexo-plane, pilose or silky, grey, edge at length slightly striate; g. flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. fistulose, even, glabrous, silvery-white; sp. ——.
  21. [curtus, Karst. P. convexo-exp. obtuse, longitudinally fibrillose or cracked, with short, stout, erect, muricately squarrose scales at disc, pallid then fuscescent; g. adnexed, broad, ventricose; s. rigid, short, equal, wavy, floccosely squamulose, fuscescent, apex naked; sp. rough, 5 × 3-4.
  22. Resembling Inocybe lacera but smaller and shorter.
  23. pellitus, Fr. White. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, even, dry, silky; g. flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. stuffed, glabrous, even, shining; sp. ——.
  24. var. punctillifer, Q. P. exp. whitish, centre tinged fuscous, and with minute umber squamules; s. whitish, squamulose below; sp. 3-4.
  25. var. gracilis, Bres. P. white, becoming very faintly tinged umber at disc; s. cylindrical, glabrous; sp. 5-6 long.
  26. [Roberti, Fr. P. convex then plane, obtuse, slightly hairy, not sulcate, white tinged fuscous; g. very broad, shining white; s. apex hollow, solid below and slightly thickened.
  27. Fries considers this sp. as near to P. semibulbosus notwithstanding the white gills.
  28. ** Pileus atomately pruinose, subpulverulent.
  29. [plautus, Weinm. P. campan. exp. even, glabrous, tan when moist, smoky hoary; g. flesh-colour; s. fistulose, soft like velvet, blackish brown.
  30. var. terrestris, Bres. P. exp. edge wavy, dry, pruinosely velvety, sooty black, rugulose; g. edge subfimbriate; s. velvety, blackish; sp. 6 × 5.
  31. [cinereus, Q. Scurfy-flocculose, grey. P. with raised veins forming pits; s. springing from a white byssoid mycelium; sp. glob. 6-8.
  32. nanus, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, rugulose, smoky, sprinkled with floccose bloom; g. flesh-colour; 3-4 cm. solid, rigid, striate, white; sp. subgl. echin. 5-6.
  33. var. lutescens, Fr. Stem and g. or first only, yellowish.
  34. var. major, Cke. Larger. P. even, greyish.
  35. All the forms differ from P. cervinus and its vars. in having subglobose spores.
  36. [exiguus, Pat. P. exp. reddish brown, bristling with minute squamules; g. distant from stem, ventricose; s. white, pruinose, thickened at base, solid; sp. 6-7 × 3.
  37. Near P. nanus, but smaller and p. squamulose.
  38. melanodon, Secr. P. convexo-plane, umb. pulverulent, edge slightly striate, dull yellow; g. pale flesh-colour, edge with minute black teeth; s. fistulose, slender, firm, glabrous, shining.
  39. spilopus, B. and Br. (= spodopileus, Sacc.) P. 2-3 cm. exp. subumb. radiately rugulose, brownish or dark fawn; g. pale salmon; s. 3-4 cm. equal, whitish or tinged fawn, with scattered black points, solid; sp. subgl. 7-8.
  40. semibulbosus, Lasch. White. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. obtuse, atomately mealy, sulcate; g. pale flesh-colour; s. 1.5-2 cm. pubescent, base swollen; sp. ——.
  41. [candidus, Pat. Small. P. convex, even, white, silky; g. rosy; s. white, downy, base thickened.
  42. *** Pileus naked, glabrous.
  43. roseoalbus, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. even, glabrous, rosy, edge naked; g. rather distant, flesh-colour; s. 4-6 cm. solid, attenuated, whitish or tinged red, with white meal; sp. rough, subgl. 5-6.
  44. leoninus, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. thin, campan. then exp. glabrous, naked, yellow, or tinged tawny; g. yellowish flesh-colour; s. 4-7 cm. solid, glabrous, striate, whitish; sp. ——.
  45. var. coccineus, Cke. P. crimson-orange or vermilion.
  46. [luteomarginatus, Roll. P. obtuse, umb. campan. deformed then exp. yellow, but at same time covered with sooty down, striato-virgate; g. crowded, rosy, edge golden-yellow; s. silky, yellow with rosy fibrils; sp. 7.5 × 6.
  47. chrysophaeus, Schaeff. P. 3-4 cm. campan. exp. naked, glabrous, virgate, cinnamon, edge striate; g. white then flesh-colour; s. imperfectly hollow, glabrous, whitish or yellowish; sp. ——.
  48. phlebophorus, Ditm. P. 3-5 cm. convex then exp. rugosely veined, umber, edge even, naked; g. white then flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. subincurved, glabrous, shining, whitish; sp. ——.
  49. var. marginatus, Q. P. rugose, granulate, clear brown; g. with sooty crenulate edge; s. pellucid, white; sp. glob. 8.
  50. [Godeyi, Gill. P. campan. then exp. umb. very glabrous, rugulose, striate, livid grey sometimes tinged green, rather viscid; g. broad, joined by veins; s. white or tinged grey.
  51. [aurantio-rugosus, Trog. P. campan. then conico-exp. areolately wrinkled, reddish yellow, disc almost vermilion; g. crowded, serrulate, broad; s. yellowish, thickened below and tinged red, brown-fibrillose; sp. globose.
  52. [cyanopus, Q. P. rugosely granular, pruinose, umber-bay; g. remote from s., white then glaucous; s. silky, blue, base cottony, white; sp. 6 diam.
  53. umbrinellus, Sommerf. P. convex, exp. even, edge fimbriate; g. white then flesh-colour; s. fistulose, rooting, tough, glabrous, shining.
  54. [tenuiculus, Q. P. rather small, subglobose, striate, umber; g. semiorbicular; s. slender, pruinose, white; sp. glob. 10.

ENTOLOMA, Fr.

  1. I. Genuini. Pileus glabrous, moist or viscid.
  2. sinuatum, Fr. P. 8-14 cm. compact, exp. and depr. wavy, even, yellowish white; g. very broad, crowded; s. 7-12 cm. solid, fibrillose, white; sp. rough, 8-9. Poisonous.
  3. lividum, Bull. P. 7-10 cm. exp. dry, even, longitudinally fibrillose, livid tan; g. broad; s. 5-7 cm. white, glabrous, apex pruinose; sp. subgl. rough, 8-10.
  4. var. roseus, Cke. P. whitish ochre, disc rosy.
  5. prunuloides, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. campan. then exp. and umb. glabrous, rather viscid, yellowish or livid then pale; g. emarginato-free, ventricose; s. 6-8 cm. solid, unequal, white; sp. subgl. rough, 8-10.
  6. porphyrophaeum, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. campan. then exp. umb. and wavy, smoky fuscous then pale; g. truncate behind, almost free; s. 5-7 cm. solid, narrowed from the thickened base, fibrous, naked, smoky purple; sp. rough, 8-10.
  7. Differs from E. jubatum in glabrous p. and hollow s.
  8. repandum, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. conical then exp. umb. pale ochre striate or spotted with darker colour, edge incurved, lobed; g. broadest in front; s. 3-5 cm. solid, silky, white; sp. globose, rough, 8. (11 × 6 Sacc.)
  9. erophilum, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, dry, pale grey, virgate or venosely striate; g. rounded-adnate, broad; s. solid, short, pruinose; sp. 8 × 6.
  10. Often growing in large circles.
  11. [holophaeum, Bres. and Schulz. (Ag. plebejoides, Schulz.) Entirely umber outside and inside, pileus and base of stem darkest; g. at length greyish; sp. r. 8-10.
  12. [pyreniacum, Q. P. umb. silky-virgate, silvery grey; g. greyish; s. white, fibrillosely striate; sp. rough, 12 long.
  13. placenta, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. plane, even, regular, livid purplish; g. crowded, thickish; s. 4-7 cm. solid, fibrously striate, brown; sp. glob. 8.
  14. helodes, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. plane, subumb. livid purplish or smoky, often spotted; g. attenuato-adnate, white then rosy; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, pallid, fibrillose, base somewhat thickened; sp. globose, rough, 10.
  15. [quisquilaris, Karst. P. convex exp. subumb. slightly pruinose, reddish or reddish-bay, disc darker, edge incurved, even; g. crowded; s. subequal, reddish then blackish-bay; sp. 7-10 × 4-5.
  16. [fuliginarium, Karst. P. convex then subdepr. glabrous, edge incurved at first, pellucidly striate, pitch-black then livid; g. adnate, crowded, oblong, pallid; s. paler than p., apex white pruinose; sp. ——.
  18. bulbigenum, B. and Br. (= E. Persoonianum, Phil. and Plow.) P. 2-3 cm. campan. or hemispher. obtuse, slightly tomentosely scaly, white; g. adnexed; s. 5-7 cm. fibrillose, whitish, hollow, base somewhat bulbous; sp. rough, 13-15.
  19. Batschianum, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. umb.-convex then plane and depr. even, viscid, blackish; g. grey; s. 5-7 cm. tough, adpressedly fibrillose, grey, base narrowed; sp. subgl. rough, 7-9.
  20. [cudon, Fr. P. tough and cartilaginous, conical, acute, blackish umber, edge incurved; g. crowded, smoky purple; s. short; glabrous, pallid.
  21. Bloxami, Berk. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, dingy blue, purple, or slate-colour, edge inclined to be lobed; g. pale rose; s. 3-4 cm. solid, colour of p.; sp. globose, rough, 9-10.
  22. ardosiacum, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, deep blue with brown tinge, then greyish; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, blue, base white; sp. subgl. rough, 9-10.
  23. [nitidum, Q. (= E. ardosiacum, Fr. Ic. t. 94, f. 4, not of Bull.) P. campan. silky-shining, dusky bluish-violet, edge lilac, flesh white; g. free, broad, white then flesh-colour; s. slender, often twisted, shining, colour of p.; sp. rough, 8.
  24. madidum, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-5 cm. campan. exp. obtuse, viscid, blackish-violet, sooty when old; g. greyish white; s. 5-8 cm. hollow, violet, thickened base white; sp. rough, 8.
  25. liquescens, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. broadly umb. ochre, disc darker; g. free, white then dingy lilac; s. 5-8 cm. white, hollow; sp. subgl. rough, 7-8.
  26. Gills deliquesce when mature.
  27. [excentricum, Bres. P. campan. exp. mammilate, glabrous, tinged tan; g. emarginate; s. cylindrical, colour of p. apex scurfy, always excentric; sp. rough, 10-18.
  28. [viridans, Fr. P. conical then exp. viscid, umb. olive-green; g. nearly free, crowded; s. hollow, glabrous.
  29. [rubellum, Scop. P. exp. obtuse, even, viscid, reddish; g. crenulate, rosy; s. hollow, slightly downy, white; sp. 11 × 6.
  30. ameides, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. campan. often irreg. flocculent, soon glabrous and silky, pale reddish-grey; g. deeply rounded behind, rugulose; s. 3 cm. whitish; sp. subgl. rough, 10.
  31. II. Leptonidei. Pileus flocculose, somewhat scaly, absolutely dry, not hygr.
  32. Saundersii, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. campan. exp. wavy and lobed, adpressedly tomentose, white, tinged brown when old; g. broad, distant; s. 8-12 cm. solid, equal, white; sp. ——.
  33. fertilé, B. P. 9-14 cm. convex then plane, dry, pulverulently scaly, pallid reddish or reddish ochre; g. rounded behind; s. 9-12 cm. equal, base thickened, whitish, fibrilloso-squamulose, solid; sp. ——.
  35. [Rozei, Q. P. umb. grey, silky shining, edge lilac; s. slender, fibrillose, white; sp. rough.
  36. jubatum, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan. exp. umb. downy-squamose or fibrillose, mouse-colour; g. crowded, smoky; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, equal, fibrillose, fuscous; sp. rough, 10-11 × 6.
  37. Differs from E. porphyrophaeum in squamulose p. and hollow s.
  38. [scabiosum, Fr. P. campan. then plane, obtusely umb. sooty, rough with crowded, erect papillose scales; g. free, greyish-white; s. hollow, fibrillose, sooty; sp. rough, 10-12.
  39. resutum, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, fuscous, disc darkest, adpressedly scaly or fibrillose; g. ventricose, greyish; s. 4-7 cm. somewhat stuffed, glabrous, grey; sp. rough, 8-9 × 6.
  40. griseocyaneum, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, floccosely scaly, grey tinged lilac; g. white then flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, floccosely fibrillose, pallid then blue; sp. rough, 8-10.
  41. Resembling Leptonia, but soft not cartilaginous.
  42. dichroum, Pers. P. camp. exp. umb. squamulosely fibrillose, violet then livid mouse-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed; s. blue, fibrillosely mealy; sp. reddish fuscous, rough, 10-12 × 5-8.
  43. sericellum, Fr. Shining white. P. 1.5-3 cm. exp. depr. silky; g. adnate, then seceding; s. 3-4 cm. fibrillose then polished; sp. subgl. rough, 10.
  44. Differs from E. speculum in smaller size and silky p.
  45. var. sublutescens, Fr. P. more regular, convex, even, yellowish; g. almost adnate; s. fistulose.
  46. var. lutescens, Henn. P. campan. more or less exp. at first white and silky-floccose, then glabrous and dingy yellow; s. white then yellowish; sp. rough, 8.
  47. Cookei, C. Rich. (= Pluteus phlebophorus, var. reticulatus, Cke.) P. convex then exp. reddish orange or pale brick-red, covered with raised veins forming a network; g. adnexed; s. 2-3 cm. solid; sp. globose, rough, 8.
  48. Thomsoni, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. grey, with a network of raised ribs; g. slightly adnexed; s. 3-4 cm. paler than p.; sp. 6 × 3.5.
  49. [subrubens, Karst. P. conico-exp. umb. adpressedly squamulose or fibrillose, glabrous, mouse-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed, edge crenate; s. hollow, scurfy then glabrous, paler than p. reddish; sp. rough, 9-12 × 7-8.
  50. [indutum, Boud. Small, entirely grey. P. campan. then exp. umb. coarsely fibrillose; g. broad, uncinate, powdered with the rosy spores; s. slender, fibrillose.
  51. tortipes, Mass. P. 6-7 cm. convex then exp. umb. often depressed, dark brown then tan and shining; g. broadly adnate; s. 4-5 cm. silky-fibrillose, flexuous, white tinged tan; sp. 5 × 3.
  52. Differs from E. clypeatum in elliptical sp.
  54. III. Nolanidei. Pileus thin, hygr. rather silky when dry. Often wavy and deformed.
  55. clypeatum, L. P. 5-7 cm. campan. then exp. umb. lurid then greyish; g. serrulate; s. 7-9 cm. stuffed, attenuated, fibrillose, pallid; sp. subgl. rough, 9-10.
  56. nigrocinnamomeum, Kalchbr. P. 5-7 cm. convex then exp. depressed round the umbo, blackish umber, even, glabrous; g. reddish cinnamon; s. 4-6 cm. hollow, somewhat twisted, fibrillose, greyish fuscous; sp. subgl. rough, 8 × 9.
  57. Differs from E. clypeatum in hollow stem and entire edge of gills.
  58. rhodopolium, Fr. P. 5-12 cm. campan. then exp. gibbous then subdepr. edge wavy at first incurved, brown or livid then pale and silky shining; g. adnate then sinuate; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, glabrous, shining white; sp. rough, 8-10 × 6-8.
  59. [pluteoides, Fr. P. splitting, convex, exp. obtuse, greyish white when moist, dingy yellowish when dry; g. emarginato-adnexed, crowded; s. hollow, rigid, cuticle fibrillose, white, usually rooting.
  60. [elaphinum, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous, bright fawn when moist, pallid fuscous when dry, edge striate; g. somewhat truncate behind, very broad; s. hollow, naked, livid; sp. rough, 10 × 6.
  61. [turbidum, Fr. P. campan. convex, umb. margin at first straight and adpressed to stem, then split into striae, somewhat fuscous, grey when dry; g. crowded, greyish white; s. hollow, inflato-clavate, glabrous, even, silvery shining; sp. 8-11 × 7-8.
  62. majale, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-convex, umb. edge spreading, wavy, cinnamon, yellowish when dry; g. crenate; s. 7-9 cm. twisted, striate, whitish, base with white down; sp. rough, 10-14 × 7-10.
  63. Wynnei, B. and Br. Smell unpleasant. P. 3-4 cm. convex then exp. subumb. often wavy, smoky grey, velvety then squamulose; g. broad, transversely ribbed; s. 3-5 cm. smoky blue, base downy, white; sp. rough, 10-11 × 7-8.
  64. Smell resembling that of bugs.
  65. costatum, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. bullate then plane, subumbil. wavy, glabrous, livid, fuscous then shining; g. nearly free, entire, transversely ribbed, pallid; s. 4-5 cm. deformed, substriate, grey, apex with white squamules; sp. rough, 12-14 × 8-11.
  66. [Cordae, Karst. Differs from E. costatum in blackish umbilicate p.; smaller sp. rough, 5-6. Other points identical.
  67. sericeum, Fr. Smell strong, like meal. P. 2-3 cm. exp. greyish fawn when moist, livid and silky shining when dry; g. grey, emarginate; s. 2-3 cm. fistulose, fibrillose, paler than p.; sp. globose, rough, 7-8.
  68. Differs from Nolanea pascua in mealy smell, and broad distant gills cut out behind.
  70. [mimicum, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, then exp. glabrous, fuscescent; g. adnate, whitish then dingy; s. hollow, equal, cartilaginous, glabrous, livid; sp. 9-12.
  71. [venosum, Gill. Smell strong of meal. P. thin, convex, subumb. brownish, silky and shining when dry; g. free, broad, transversely veined, reddish-grey; s. fragile, fibrillose, rather squamulose at apex.
  72. Differs from E. sericeum in free g.
  73. [praecox, Karst. P. fragile, conico-convex, at length umb. glabrous, silky-shining; g. ventricose, crowded, dingy then flesh-colour; s. fistulose, equal, compr. glabrous, striate, pallid; sp. 7-10.
  74. nidorosum, Fr. Smell alkaline. P. 4-7 cm. convex then exp. and subdepr. greyish fawn, livid and with a silky sheen when dry; g. broad, wavy; s. 4-7 cm. stuffed, equal, glabrous, pallid, apex with white meal; sp. rough, 8-10 × 7-8.
  75. Smell sometimes very faint.
  76. speculum, Fr. Whitish. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subdepr. very glabrous, shining when dry, edge incurved, wavy; g. emarginate, broad; s. equal, very fragile, striate; sp. subgl. rough, 12. (12-14 × 7-8 Sacc.)

NOLANEA, Fr.