[Ozonii, Schulz. P. thin, conico-campan. exp. disc even, cinnamon or fuscous, rest pale ochre and densely striate; g. adnexed, closely crowded, pale then colour of p.; s. 2-6 springing from a common fleshy mass, or solitary and subbulbous, white; sp. 7-11 × 5.

INOCYBE, Fr.

  1. A. Squarrosi. Pileus at first squarrose, stem scaly, both somewhat fuscous.
  2. hystrix, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convexo-plane, mouse-colour, with revolute, squarrose scales; g. grey then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. thickened upwards, with rings of reflexed scales, pale above ring; sp. 10 × 5.
  3. relicina, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conico-exp. with squarrose tomentose scales, sooty; g. yellow then olive; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, floccosely scaly; sp. ——.
  4. calamistrata, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-4 cm. campan. obtuse, squarrose with rigid recurved scales, brown; g. white then rusty; s. 4-5 cm. solid, rigid, base blue, squarrosely scaly everywhere, fuscous; sp. 10-11 × 5. Flesh reddish.
  5. hirsuta, Lasch. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. acute, squarrose with scales formed of fascicles of hairs, fuscous-ochre, disc sometimes greenish; g. narrow, pallid then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. solid, slender, floccosely scaly above, base greenish; sp. ——.
  6. lanuginosa, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, floccosely scaly, those of disc erect, umber then yellowish; g. toothed, pallid then clay-colour; s. 2-3 cm. thin fibrillosely scaly, apex with white meal; sp. rough, 8 or 10; 12 × 5 (Cke.)
  8. squarrulosa, Karst. (= Clypeus, Karst.) P. convex then plane, obtuse, fibrillose, fuscescent, disc squarrosely squamulose, fuscous; g. crowded, white-crenulate; s. equal, brownish-squamulose; sp. 10 × 7-8.
  9. dulcamara, A. and S. P. 3-5 cm. convex, umb. pilosely-scaly, fuscous-olive; g. pallid then olive; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillosely squamulose from the veil, apex mealy; sp. 8-10 × 5.
  10. plumosa, Bolton. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, disc with erect pilose fascicles, edge fibrillose, mouse-grey; g. quite entire, whitish then smoky; s. 3-6 cm. slender, wavy, floccosely scaly, apex naked; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.
  11. cincinnata, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, squarrosely squamose, somewhat fuscous; g. fuscous violet; s. 2-3 cm. solid, slender, scaly; sp. 7-8. (8-10 × 5 Sacc.)
  12. haemacta, B. and Cke. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, floccosely fibrillose with dark fibrils, disc scaly and darker; g. dingy tan; s. 4-5 cm. scarcely fibrillose, whitish above, tinged verdigris at base; sp. 8 × 4-5.
  13. Flesh turning blood-red when bruised.
  14. leucocephala, Boud. P. white, convex, entirely covered with erect scales; g. free, broad, fawn; s. short, white, coarsely fibrillose throughout; sp. rough, 9-11 × 6-8.
  15. B. Laceri. Pileus torn into scales or fibrils (not cracking); stem coloured, paler than pileus, fibrillose.
  16. pyriodora, Pers. Smell pleasant. P. 4-7 cm. umb. adpressedly fibroso-scaly, fuscous ochre then pale; g. emarginate, rather distant; s. 6-10 cm. solid, equal, fibrillose, pale, apex pruinose; sp. 10 × 6. Flesh with red tinge.
  17. [corydalina, Q. Strong-scented. P. whitish, umbo bluish-green; g. narrow, white then fuscous; stem white pruinose; sp. 10 long.
  18. var. roseolus, Pat. Larger than type. P. entirely bluish green, edge white-append.; flesh tinged rosy.
  19. [violascens, Q. P. splitting, fawn, umbo lilac; g. lilac; s. hollow, white, apex striate, lilac, ring floccose, white; sp. 12-15 long.
  20. incarnata, Bres. P. 4-7 cm. campan. convex, broadly umb. fibrillose then squamulose, edge fimbriate, yellowish then tinged red; g. sinuate, edge fimbriate becoming spotted or tinged red; s. 4-6 cm. fibrillose, rosy, apex white and mealy; sp. 10 × 6.
  21. scaber, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. conico-convex, obtusely gibbous, with scattered adpressed fibrillose scales, smoky then pallid; g. crowded, somewhat smoky; s. 2-3 cm. thick, equal, silky fibrillose; sp. 11 × 5, Cke.; 7 × 3-4, Pat.
  22. var. firma, Fr. P. fuscous tan with fuscous scales; s. velvety.
  23. maritima, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. flocculosely fibrillose, hygr. umber then grey; g. broad, grey then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. solid, floccosely fibrillose, smoky; sp. rough, 9-10.
  25. violaceafusca, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-5 cm. convex then exp. obtusely umb. concentrically scaly, fibrillose, dry, umber, edge torn; g. violet then umber, edge paler, serrulate; s. 4-6 cm. equal, smooth, violet above; sp. 7-8 × 4.
  26. lacera, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, exp. obtusely umb. fibrillosely scaly, mouse-grey then pale; g. broad pale rufescent then mouse-grey; s. 3-4 cm. fuscous-fibrillose, apex naked, red inside; sp. 12 × 6.
  27. Distinguished from I. scabra and I. mutica by being reddish inside of s.
  28. [abjecta, Karst. P. convex exp. even, fuscescent, white-fibrous, disc fibrously scaly; g. adnate, broad, ventricose in front, cinnamon tinged olive; s. pallid, white-floccose, apex white-pruinose; sp. 10-13 × 5-7.
  29. [trivialis, Karst. P. conico-campan. exp. usually depr. obtusely umb. rimose, disc sometimes scaly pallid or mouse-colour changing to bay; g. crowded; s. solid, equal, subrufescent, at length dusky outside and inside, not bulbous; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.
  30. [rhodiola, Bresad. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. fibrillosely scaly then almost glabrous, rufous-umber then pale; g. becoming rusty-olive, edge white-pruinose, becoming rufous spotted; s. fibrillose, subequal, apex glabrous tinged yellow, reddish downwards, spotted reddish when bruised; flesh whitish, base of s. red; sp. 10-12 × 6-7.
  31. fasciata, Cke. and Mass. Caespitose. P. 4-7 cm. campan.-convex, pale tan disc rufous, silky, covered with small, dark, squarrose scales; g. pallid; s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, reddish outside and inside at base, rest pallid, solid; sp. rough, 10 × 6.
  32. [rufoalba, Pat. and Doass. P. convex, mammillate, brown, silky white tomentum everywhere except umbo; g. nearly free, rusty brown; s. equal, pubescent, rusty, not bulbous; sp. rough, 9-10 × 4-5.
  33. flocculosa, Berk. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. umb. subcampan. silkily squamulose, tawny brown; g. fawn then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, reddish, pulverulent above; sp. 10 × 5-6.
  34. Bongardii, Weinm. Smell pleasant, like bergamot. P. 2-5 cm. campan. obtuse, disc scaly, fibrillose towards edge, fuscous then pale; g. broad, pale reddish then cinnamon; s. 4-9 cm. solid, rigid, pallid rufous, silky and red below, apex with white meal; sp. 10-12 × 6.
  35. [Merletii, Q. P. convex, hoary, virgate with brownish fibrils; g. milky white then brownish fawn; s. whitish, stuffed, fibrillosely striate, ring floccose, white; sp. 11-14 long.
  36. [capucina, Fr. P. conico-campan. acute, everywhere fibrillosely scaly, dusky fuscous, edge paler; g. adnate, crowded, fuscous; s. solid, short, fibrillose, fuscous; sp. rough, 10.
  37. [cucullata, C. Mart. Smell like camphor. P. variable in form, campan. campan.-convex, sometimes irreg. scaly, tawny, disc darker; g. broad, edge white, serrulate; s. subequal, hollow, glabrous, paler than p.; sp. smooth.
  38. [asinina, Kalchbr. P. convex then plane, rather gibbous, adpressedly fibrillose, hoary then rufescent tan; g. greyish yellow then cinnamon; s. solid, brownish tan, loosely fibrillose and cingulate from the superior veil.
  39. [connexifolia, Gill. Smell like ripe fruit. P. conical then exp. umb. with adpressed fibrillose scales especially at centre; g. arcuate, connected by veins, whitish, olive-rufous, finally cinnamon; s. fibrously squamulose, white then tinged pink, white above; sp. smooth. Flesh reddish when cut.
  40. mutica, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex then plane, very obtuse then depr. squamulose, whitish, fuscous-fibrillose; g. adnate, crowded; s. hollow, pale straw-colour then fuscescent; sp. 8 × 5. (6 × 4 Sacc.)
  41. carpta, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex exp. depr. dingy fuscous, with woolly filaments; g. broad, fuscous brown; s. 2-4 cm. fibrillosely woolly, hollow, narrowed downwards; sp. 8-10 × 5.
  42. [tenebrosa, Q. P. campan. cracked into squamules, umber; s. fibrillosely striate, blackish olive, apex whitish; sp. 7-8 long.
  43. deglubens, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. torn into adpressed fibrils, disc rather scaly, rufous bay then yellowish; g. dingy then cinnamon; s. 4-6 cm. solid, pallid, apex with dark scurf; sp. 10 × 6.
  44. Differs from I. lacera in dark scurfy apex of s.
  45. obscura, Pers. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. then plane, umb. longitudinally fibrillose, disc scaly, blue then fuscous; g. olive then brown; s. 3-4 cm. fibrillose, brownish violet; sp. 9-10 × 5-6.
  46. var. rufus, Pat. P. brownish rufous, g. ventricose, violet.
  47. [Gaillardii, Gill. P. convex then exp. umbo and around scurfy, margin torn, reddish rusty; g. crowded, free, broad, colour of p.; s. slender, paler than p.; sp. globose with long slender spines.
  48. [calospora, Q. P. minutely squamulose, brownish; g. milk-white; s. slender, slightly bulbous, pruinose, whitish rufous; sp. glob. strongly aculeate, 10.
  49. [hirtella, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. edge soon splitting, yellowish straw-colour, densely covered with darker pilose scales; g. adnate, whitish then fuscescent, edge white-mealy; s. white becoming tinged straw-colour with a subterranean subbulbous base; sp. 10-12 × 6.
  50. Allied to I. calospora, Q.
  51. echinata, Roth. P. 2-5 cm. campan. then exp. pulverulent then scaly, silky, dingy brownish yellow; g. nearly or quite free, deep rose to blood-red; s. 3-5 cm. floccosely pulverulent up to imperfect ring, dull red, hollow; sp. 5 × 3.
  52. C. Rimosi. Pileus longitudinally fibrillose, soon cracked, often adpressedly scaly; stem whitish, paler than pileus, fibrillose.
  53. schista, Cke. and Sm. P. 4-7 cm. campan. broadly subumb. cracking longitudinally, fibrillose, bay brown; g. adnate, rufous, edge pale, serrate; s. 6-7 cm. stout, equal, twisted, solid, paler than p.; sp. ——.
  54. fibrosa, Sow. P. 7-9 cm. campan. umbo broad, silky, even then cracked, edge wavy, pallid; g. free, crowded, dingy ochre, edge uneven; s. 4-12 cm. solid, narrowed upwards, striate, flocculosely scaly above; sp. slightly rough, 12-14 × 6.
  55. I. perlata differs in darker p. and smooth sp.
  56. phaeocephala, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. conico-campan. umb. wavy, squamulose, bay then sooty; g. free, arcuate, umber; s. 5-7 cm. solid, somewhat bulbous; colour of p. above, below white and downy; sp. 6 × 4.
  57. [jurana, Pat. P. umb. cracked and torn, fibrillose, rather squamulose towards the edge, reddish violet, disc deep violet; g. broad, ochraceous; s. tall, fibrous, apex pruinose, violet downwards; sp. 10 × 6.
  58. fastigiata, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conico-campan. longitudinally fibrous and cracked, edge often lobed, yellow brown; g. free, fuscous-olive; s. 6-9 cm. solid, stout, rather twisted, silky-fibrous; sp. rough, 8-10 × 6-8.
  59. I. pyriodora differs in smell and reddish flesh.
  60. [praetervisa, Q. P. campan. fibrillosely virgate, fawn; g. milk-white then fawn; s. pubescent, pale straw-colour; sp. warted, 10-11 × 5-6.
  61. [Godeyi, Gillet. Smell strong, unpleasant. P. campan. edge slightly incurved, scaly and fibrillosely rimose, dingy yellow then tinged reddish-ochre as is every part of fungus more or less; g. free, pale olive; s. rather floccose at apex, colour of p. flesh white, tinging red; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.
  62. [Cookei, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. edge becoming upturned and split, fibrillose and silkily rimose, centre glabrous, straw-colour then lurid yellowish; g. crowded, attenuato-adnexed, greyish white then yellowish cinnamon; s. colour of p. silky fibrillose, base marginately subbulbous, apex naked; sp. 8-10 × 5.
  63. Allied to I. fastigiata.
  64. hiulca, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conico-exp. umb. fibrillose, cracked into scales, fuscous or olive; g. broad, becoming olive; s. 4-7 cm. rigid, silky fibrillose, apex and flesh pinkish white, with white meal; sp. 8-10 × 5.
  65. Curreyi, Berk. P. 3-5 cm. convex then exp. longitudinally fibrillose, squamulose at disc rather cracked, pale yellow brown; g. yellowish then tinged olive; s. 4-7 cm. rather fibrillose, colour of p. solid, flesh dingy; sp. 11 × 6.
  66. Differs from I. pyriodora in absence of smell, and from I. fastigiata in smooth sp.
  67. perlata, Cke. P. 6-9 cm. convex then exp. broadly umb. longitudinally fibrous with darker fibrils, fuscous, edge paler, incurved, disc very dark; g. adnexed, pale umber; s. 6-9 cm. sometimes twisted, striate, pallid; sp. 8-9 × 6.
  68. Differs from I. schista in umber gills.
  70. [maculata, Boud. P. campan. then exp. umb. silky-fibrillose, cracked, dingy fawn-colour, and with concentric white adpr. scales; g. almost free, fawn with olive tinge; s. fibrillose, paler than p. apex scurfy; 10-13 × 5-6.
  71. Differs from I. rimosa in the white scales on p.
  72. rimosa, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. campan. silky-fibrous, longitudinally cracked when exp. yellow brown; g. free; s. 4-7 cm. solid, firm, almost glabrous; sp. smooth, 10-11 × 6.
  73. I. eutheles differs in being umbonate, and I. pyriodora in strong smell.
  74. [albipes, Gill. P. exp. plane, mammilate, fibrillosely rivulose, edge wavy, dingy yellow disc darker; g. free, crowded; s. entirely white, squamulose; sp. rough.
  75. asterospora, Q. P. 3-5 cm. campan. subumb. silkily fibrous, longitudinally cracked when dry, yellow brown, or umber; g. almost free; s. 4-7 cm. slightly submarginately subbulbous, solid, pallid or pinkish tinge; sp. subgl. warted, 10-11. (7-10 × 5-8 Sacc.)
  76. Differs from I. rimosa in spores.
  77. [proximella, Karst. P. exp. umb. rimose and torn into fibres, pallid, umb. darker; g. adnate, crowded, ventricose; s. subfibrillose, pallid, flesh white, no trace of bulb; sp. warted, 8-9 × 5-6.
  78. Differs from Ino. asterospora in absence of bulb, curved fibrillose stem, etc.
  79. [umbrina, Bres. P. campan.-convex, plane, umb. chestnut brown, rather viscid, woolly-fibrillose at length rimose, disc sometimes slightly warted; g. crowded, lurid citrin then reddish cinnamon, edge darker; s. fibrillose, colour of p. subbulbous; sp. substellate, 7-8 × 5-6.
  80. Close to I. asterospora, Q.
  81. eutheles, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. campan. exp. strongly umb. undulate, shining, silky, squamulose, fawn; g. broadly adnate, pallid, edge whitish, toothed; s. 4-7 cm. equal, striate, pallid; sp. 10-11 × 5.
  82. Differs from I. fastigiata in adnate gills, and from I. curreyi in strong umbo and adnate g.
  83. margaritispora, Berk. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then exp. wavy, broadly umb. silky, with adpressed fibrillose scales, fawn; g. adnexed, pallid; s. 6-9 cm. equal, fibrillose, pallid; sp. warted, 8.
  84. Differs from I. eutheles in globose, warted s., and from I. asterospora in squamulose p.
  85. destricta, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. campan.-exp. umb. cracked, fibrillose, then torn into scales, pallid then rufescent; g. uncinato-adnate; s. 4-5 cm. solid, glabrous, fibrillose, striate, reddish-white; sp. 8 × 4.
  86. Differs from I. rimosa by adnexed g. and reddish s. I. asterospora differs in warted globose sp.
  87. perbrevis, Weinm. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtusely umb. fibrously scaly, edge rather striate at length splitting, fuscous then yellowish rufous; g. uncinato-adnexed; s. 2-2.5 cm. pallid, white-fibrillose, base rather narrowed; sp. 10-12 × 5.
  89. [putilla, Bres. P. conico-campan. then exp. umb. silky-fibrillose, surface at length cracked and torn, tan or greyish-brown, or fuscous then pale, edge persistently lurid whitish; g. sinuato-adnate, white then tan, edge crenulate; s. very faintly tinged rose, white-fibrillose then glabrous, apex white-scurfy, base rather narrowed; sp. angular, 8-10 × 6-7.
  90. descissa, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conico-campan. fibrillose, splitting open, whitish fuscescent; g. almost free, crowded, whitish then fuscescent; s. 3-4 cm. partly hollow, equal, undulate, fibrillose, apex white-pulverulent; sp. 8 × 4-5.
  91. Resembling I. geophylla but slenderer; s. white outside and inside.
  92. var. auricoma, Batsch. Smaller. P. yellowish, edge striate; g. adfixed, ventricose white then fuscous.
  93. [grammata, Q. P. campan. fibrous-striate, whitish then fawn; g. tawny; s. striate, tomentose, shining white then rosy; sp. rough, 10.
  94. [brunnea, Q. P. umb. fibrillosely silky, chestnut; s. fibrilloso-striate, fuscous, apex white, pruinose; sp. 12 long.
  95. [grata, Weinm. P. conico-campan. fibrillose, umbonate, cracked when exp. whitish- or yellowish-rufescent, scaly disc darker; g. crowded, olive then pallid fuscescent; s. shining, fibrillose, wavy, whitish rufescent.
  96. Trinii, Weinm. Smell like clove-pinks. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. obtuse, longitudinally rufescent-fibrillose, whitish-rufescent, tawny when dry; g. rounded, ventricose, cinnamon, edge white-floccose; s. 2-4 cm. equal, slender, loosely rufous-fibrillose, powdered with white; sp. rough, 9-10.
  97. D. Velutini. Pileus not rimose, cuticle of interwoven fibrils, almost smooth, or adpressedly scaly, disc even; stem polished, glabrous, whitish, apex mealy.
  98. sambucina, Fr. White, smell strong. P. 4-7 cm. firm, convex, exp. obtuse, silky fibrillose, even, sometimes tinged yellow; g. crowded, whitish; s. 3-4 cm. stout, solid, glabrous, striate, white; sp. 11-12 × 6.
  99. caesariata, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. convex exp. gibbous, somewhat tawny, ochraceous-fibrillose or subsquamulose; g. entire, pale ochre; s. 3-6 cm. solid, equal, fibrillose, pale ochre; sp. 8 × 4. (10-12 × 5 Sacc.)
  100. [delecta, Karst. (= I. caesariata, var. fibrillosa, Fr.). P. exp. even, fibrillosely scaly, dingy tawny- or rufous-honeycolour, paler when dry; g. at length fuscous, edge paler and floccoso-crenate; s. solid, dingy yellow or pallid, white-fibrillose; sp. ——.
  101. [subgranulosa, Karst. P. convex then exp. or slightly depr. obsoletely umb. even, pale ochre, disc more especially with minute erect dark squamules; g. adnate, greenish- then brownish-cinnamon; s. hollow, curved or wavy, paler than p.; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.
  103. lucifuga, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-3 cm. convex-plane, subumb. adpressedly fibrilloso-squamulose, fuscous or olive then pale; g. yellowish white then olive; s. 3 cm. solid, firm, equal, glabrous, apex rather pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.
  104. [decipiens, Bres. P. exp. umb. floccosely silky, disc smooth then broken up into scales, cinnamon ochre; g. greyish white then lurid cinnamon; s. glabrous, apex slightly pruinose, rather striate, pallid; sp. rough, 11-14 × 6-8.
  105. [tomentella, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, fibrillosely tomentose, brownish; g. subadnate; s. solid, equal, white, apex pruinose, with a cortinate median annular zone, otherwise glabrous.
  106. sindonia, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conico-convex, obtusely gibbous, velvety-villose, dingy white or yellowish, edge appendiculate; g. lanceolate, whitish then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. with a separate pith which disappears, then hollow, almost glabrous; sp. 7 × 4. (10 × 5 Sacc.)
  107. Differs from I. geophylla in larger size and hollow s.
  108. [cortinata, Roll. P. campan. then exp. strongly umb. whitish straw-colour, umb. darker, becoming rimose, white veil at margin; g. adnato-decur. dingy ochre, edge flocculose, paler; s. white, fibrilloso-striate, curved, ring median.
  109. Perhaps a cortinate form of I. sindonia.
  110. Clarkii, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, whitish, silky; g. adnexed, pallid, edge white; s. 3-5 cm. nearly equal, solid, white; sp. 8-10 × 6.
  111. Differs from I. sindonia in solid s. and pale g.
  112. geophylla, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical then exp. umb. even, silky-fibrillose, white or lilac; g. adnexed, crowded, dingy white then umber; s. 4-6 cm. equal, firm, apex with white meal, veil fibrillose; sp. 7-8 × 4.
  113. I. scabella differs in brownish squamulose p.
  114. var. fulva, Pat. P. rufous-ochre, edge paler; sp. 8-10 × 5.
  115. var. violacea, Pat. P. violet; sp. 10 × 5.
  116. [commixta, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. shining white or tinged grey; fibrillosely silky, edge often split, dry; g. closely crowded, free, white then greyish cinnamon; s. solid, white, equal, apex scurfy, base minutely turbinately bulbous; sp. angular, 10 × 7.
  117. Closely resembling I. geophylla, differing in base of s. and angular sp.
  118. [umbratica, Q. Shining white. P. umb. silky-pruinose; g. white then rosy-fawn; s. flocculose; sp. rough, 8-10.
  119. scabella, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then plane, dry, torn into squamulose fibrils, umbo obtuse, even, glabrous, rufescent or yellowish; g. adnexed, dingy; s. 3-4 cm. glabrous, rufescent or pallid, apex pruinose; sp. rough, 10 × 7.
  120. [debilipes, Karst. P. conico-convex, exp. pallid fuscous then rather rusty, everywhere torn into scales which become stuck down, then rimose; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid rusty, edge fuscous-crenulate; s. wavy, pallid, spotted with minute fuscescent squamules; sp. 7-9 × 5-6.
  121. [confusa, Karst. P. exp. umb. glabrous, cuticle cracked, fibrillose, rusty, tawny yellow or bay; g. crowded, yellowish then olive; s. solid, firm, nearly glabrous, pale; sp. 10-12 × 6.
  122. [inconcina, Karst. P. exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, innately fibrillose, rusty then pale; g. sinuato-adnate, crowded, pale olive then rusty, edge paler and floccosely crenulate; s. equal, wavy, pallid, apex white-pruinose; sp. 8-13 × 5-6.
  123. [curvipes, Karst. P. exp. obtuse, adpressedly fibrillose or squamulose, brownish; g. adnexed, crowded; s. curved, wavy or twisted, narrowed below, fibrillose, pallid; sp. rough, 9-15 × 5-7.
  124. [conformata, Karst. P. exp. umb. slightly adpressedly floccosely squamulose, rusty or brownish then pale; g. adnexed, ventricose, pallid then brownish; s. equal, rather wavy, minutely fibrillosely flocculose; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.
  125. [pusio, Karst. P. exp. umb. fibroso-rimose, pallid fuscous; g. adnexed with decur. tooth, tan; s. apex pruinose and at first violet, usually wavy; sp. 8-10 × 4-6.
  126. [flavella, Karst. P. acutely conical then exp. acutely umb. innately fibrillosely rimose, glabrous, yellowish, rather shining; g. crowded, yellowish then olive, edge paler, floccosely crenulate; s. solid, equal, wavy, apex white-flocculose, yellowish white; sp. 12-14 × 4-6.
  127. [fulvella, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. silky-flocculose, centre glabrous, olivaceous honey-colour then brownish olive, umbo darker; g. lilac then tan, edge fimbriate; s. lilac then rufescent, glabrous, wavy.
  128. subrimosa, Mass. (Clypeus subrimosus, Karst.). P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. umbo prominent, edge often wavy, even, glabrous, then longitudinally fibrillose and cracked, bay or rusty ochre; g. dingy tan; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, polished, with a minute marginate bulb, white, mealy; sp. 10-12, spiny.
  129. mamillaris, Pass. P. convex, mammillate, squamulose; g. emarginato-adnexed; s. hollow, equal, flexuous; sp. smooth.
  130. Renneyi, B. and Br. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. slightly fibrillose, disc brown, rest fawn; g. rounded behind, dingy ochre; s. 3-4 cm. slightly narrowed downwards, fibrillose, solid, paler than p.; sp. rough, 12 × 7-8.
  131. var. major, B. and Br. Colour of type, but larger; g. broadly adnate.
  132. E. Viscidi. Pileus almost smooth, viscid.
  133. trechispora, Berk. P. convex then exp. umb. viscid, soon dry and silky, umbo brownish rest whitish; g. pinkish grey; s. 3-4 cm. equal; often rather wavy, whitish, mealy; sp. 7 × 5-6.
  134. Differs from I. geophylla in dark umbo and rough sp.
  136. [viscosissima, Fr. (= I. umbonata, Q.) P. convex acutely umb. umber-brown, dripping with gluten then silky; g. rounded and free, ventricose, rufescent; s. equal, glabrous, pallid; sp. ——.
  137. Allied to I. trechispora, differing in being very glutinous and in rounded free gills.
  138. [imbecilis, Pass. P. glabrous, rather viscid, white then clay-colour; g. whitish then rusty-rose; s. solid, long, cylindrical, watery, with white meal above.
  139. vatricosa, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex then plane, subumb. glabrous, viscid, silky at margin, whitish; g. white then fuscescent; s. 2-3 cm. fistulose, contorted, pulverulent; sp. ——.
  140. Habit of I. geophylla but smaller and viscid at first.
  141. Whitei, B. and Br. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convex, tawny, edge whitish, at length exp. and all tawny, fibrillose, rather viscid; g. white then pallid; s. 2-3 cm. slightly thickened at base, white then brownish; sp. 9 × 4.
  142. tricholoma, A. and S. Whitish. P. 2-4 cm. plano-depr. rather viscid, with adpr. white fibrils, edge strigosely fringed; g. decur.; s. 3-4 cm. slender, squamulose above; sp. rough, 4.
  143. strigiceps, Fr. P. convex-obtuse then exp. strigosely silky with long fibrils, rufescent, edge at first involute, strigosely ciliate; g. adnato-decur.; s. stuffed, downy, white.
  144. var. eriocephala, Fr. P. yellowish-white, silky, with appendiculate white down at edge; g. adnate; s. fistulose, becoming compressed.

HEBELOMA, Fr.

  1. A. Indusiati. Veil evidently cortinate, hence the pileus is often superficially silky near the margin.
  2. mussivum, Fr. P. 5-10 cm. convex exp. obtuse, viscid, at length squamulose, yellow disc often brownish; g. emarginate, yellowish; s. 8-12 cm. solid, equal, entirely fibrillose, yellowish, apex rather pruinose; sp. 12 × 6.
  3. sinuosum, Fr. P. 7-14 cm. exp. wavy, viscid, even, almost glabrous, yellowish or pale brick-red then pale; g. emarginato-free, broad, pallid then rusty; s. 8-13 cm. hollow, stout, fibrous, soft, white floccosely-scaly above; sp. ——.
  4. fastibile, Fr. Smell unpleasant. P. 4-7 cm. compact, exp. wavy, viscid, glabrous, pale yellowish tan; g. emarginate, rather distant, pallid then cinnamon, lacrymose; s. 4-7 cm. subbulbous, white, fibrously scaly, veil evident; sp. 10 × 6.
  5. var. alba, Fr. S. longer, equal, partly hollow, apex fibrously scaly; g. distant.
  6. var. elegans, Lindgr. Edge of p. sulcate or rugoso-plicate. Form B. Pileus purple-brown.
  7. senescens, Batsch. P. 4-9 cm. exp. rather viscid, ochre or flesh-colour with tinge of rust, rusty yellow when old, edge crisped, hoary; g. dusky rust colour; s. 6-9 cm. thinner and whitish upwards, scaly and darker below; sp. 10 × 6.
  8. glutinosum, Lindg. P. 4-7 cm. exp. glutinous, with white superficial scales, yellowish white, discoid; g. crowded, yellowish then cinnamon; s. 6-7 cm. subbulbous, whitish squamulose, apex mealy; sp. 10-12 × 5.
  9. testaceum, Batsch. Smells like radishes. P. 3-5 cm. campan.-convex, even, rather viscid, brick-red then pale, rather opaque; g. nearly free, crowded, rusty; s. 6-7 cm. hollow, subbulbous, floccosely fibrillose, pallid, apex mealy; sp. 10 × 5-6.
  10. [rubrum, Otth. P. campan. then conico-exp. splitting into shreds, clear red, yellowish when dry; flesh reddish; g. free; s. equal, fibrous, often slightly bulbous, colour of p.
  11. firmum, Pers. P. 4-7 cm. campan. exp. umb. viscid, brick-red, discoid; g. dry, edge white toothed; s. 4-7 cm. solid, pallid, everywhere floccosely scaly; sp. 10 × 5.
  12. [mitratum, Fr. P. campan.-gibbous, viscid, often cracked, yellowish brick-red, umbo prominent, stout, fuscous then pale, g. crowded, sinuato-adnate; s. solid or becoming hollow, equal, yellowish-white, fibrous, dusky yellow from veil.
  13. claviceps, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. convex, exp. disc gibbous, even, naked, pallid; g. dry, pallid; s. 4-7 cm. equal, everywhere white mealy, fuscous downwards; sp. 10-11 × 5.
  14. Differs from H. firmum in dark base of s. and paler g.
  15. [fusipes, Bres. Smell like spirit of wine. P. convex-gibbous, edge broadly incurved, viscid, glabrous, tinged tan; g. broad, edge white-fimbriate; s. pallid, base fusiformly rooting; sp. 12-15 × 9-10.
  16. [birrum, Fr. P. exp. discoid, disc rugulose, pale tan, with superficial white squamules near edge; g. rounded then truncate and free; s. solid, fusiformly rooting, rather woolly with white imbricated squamules.
  17. punctatum, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. silky then almost glabrous, the darker disc punctate with viscid warts, tan, paler when dry; g. narrow, crowded, pallid then rusty bay; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, equal, apex white pruinose; sp. 7-11 × 5-6.
  18. versipelle, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. viscid with tough gluten, discoid, at length wavy, crust-colour, adglutinated and silky at edge, then glabrous; g. crowded, broad, reddish white then tan; s. 4-7 cm. silky-white, apex pruinose; sp. 12 long.
  19. [subtortum, Karst. P. convex then plane, obtuse, even, glabrous, irreg. at first, silky near edge from veil, viscid, pale brick-red or pallid, disc darker; g. adnato-subdecur. crowded, edge crenate; s. hollow, usually twisted, whitish, apex mealy; sp. 7-9 × 4-6.
  20. mesophaeum, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. conico-convex then plane, even, viscid, almost naked, gilvous, disc bay; g. emarginate, crowded, thin; s. 4-7 cm. tough, equal, slender, fibrillose, whitish then rusty, apex pruinose; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.
  21. Disc of p. sometimes umber.
  23. var. holophaeum, Fr. P. umb. everywhere dusky fuscous; s. fuscescent, subannulate.
  24. strophosum, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. expanded, subumbonate, viscid, disc bay, edge white with veil; g. crowded; s. 3-5 cm. hollow, silky, whitish, ring near the apex distinct but imperfect; sp. 8-9 × 5.
  25. [elatellum, Sacc. (= Roumeguerites elatellus, Karst.) P. hemisph. even, glabrous, naked, pale fuscescent, sometimes spotted, yellowish livid when dry; g. adnate, much crowded, narrow, pale tan; s. tall, equal, naked, whitish, ring, inf. entire, persistent, membranous, tinged fuscous; sp. 7-9 × 4-6.
  26. subcollariatum, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. rather glutinous, pale ochre-tan, centre darker; g. broadly adnate, soon separating from s. and attached to a collar, pale tan, edge whitish; s. 4-5 cm. flexuous, pale, brownish below, pulverulent; sp. 12-13 × 6.
  27. violascens, Otth. P. convex, umb. dry, silky shining, bright violet, disc adpressedly squamulose and brownish; g. reddish violet then brownish; s. pale violet then rufous-fibrillose, base slightly bulbous, yellowish.
  28. [deflectens, Karst. P. exp. depr. rugulose, dry, scurfy-squamulose, bright yellow-tan; g. crowded, lanceolate; s. equal, fistulose, tough, rooting, paler than p. everywhere white-scurfy; sp. 7-9 × 5-6.
  29. B. Denudati. Pileus glabrous, veil absent from the first.
  30. sinapizans, Fr. Smell like radishes. P. 7-12 cm. compact, exp. rather wavy, even, glabrous, rather viscid, pale tan; g. deeply emarginate, broad, dry, crowded, entire; s. 6-10 cm. stout, equal, fibrillose, white, apex white-scaly; sp. 12 × 7.
  31. Differs from H. sinuosum in strong smell and absence of veil.
  32. crustuliniforme, Bull. P. 5-10 cm. convex then exp. glabrous, rather viscid, often rather wavy, yellowish-red, disc darker then pale; g. sinuate, thin, narrow, whitish then brown, edge crenulate and with beads of moisture; s. 4-7 cm. solid, firm, subbulbous, whitish, with minute white recurved flecks; sp. 11-12 × 6.
  33. [Syrjense, Karst. P. convex, exp. obtuse, dry, even, glabrous, brick-red; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid, edge crenulate; s. equal, wavy, twisted, white, white-flocculoso-pulverulent above, at length entirely umber; sp. 10-11 × 5-6.
  34. Subcaespitose; stems cohering at base.
  35. hiemale, Bres. (= H. crustuliniforme, var. minor, Cke.) P. exp.-gibbous or depr. viscid, glabrous, edge incurved and white flocculose at first, pallid tan, centre reddish tan; g. crowded, sinuate and almost free, edge white-floccose; s. whitish, apex with white scurf; sp. 12-13 × 6-7.
  36. Near to H. crustuliniforme, but smaller and smell obsolete.
  37. [subsaponaceum, Karst. Smell strong, soapy. P. exp. obtuse, even, naked, dry, gilvous then pallid, darker when dry; g. adnate, dry; s. elongated, equal, rather wavy, adpressedly fibrillose, apex rather mealy, pale, umber below when touched; sp. 6-10 × 4-6.
  38. [Stocseki, Schulz. P. convex, even, whitish then yellow, centre tawny; g. adnexed, narrow, both ends narrowed, rufescent; s. cylindrical, thickened below, whitish, often striately-twisted; sp. 10 × 4-6.
  39. [Quéletii, Schulz. P. umbonato-campan. then convex, white then ochre, sometimes rufous-brown, very even, subviscid in rainy weather, pellicle separable; g. subsinuato-adnexed, rounded in front, whitish then pale cinnamon; s. cylindrical, often curved at base, white base tinged brown; sp. 10-12 × 6.
  40. [involuta, Lamb. (= Paxillus nitens, Lamb.) P. convex, glutinous when moist, shining as if varnished when dry, yellow brown, paler at edge which remains for a long time incurved; flesh yellowish, glabrous; g. free, cut out behind, narrow, crowded, brownish olive at last; s. reddish yellow above, darker below.
  41. elatum, Batsch. Smell strong of radishes. P. 6-10 cm. convex, umb. glabrous, viscid, pinkish ochre whitish towards the edge; g. uncinate, wavy, crowded, dry, pale flesh-colour then bistre; s. 8-10 cm. soft, cylindrical, twisted, white then bistre, apex mealy, fibrillose or downy; sp. 13-15 × 7.
  42. longicaudum, Pers. P. 3-6 cm. exp. even, subumb. glabrous, viscid, rather wavy, tan then whitish; g. crowded, dry, serrulate; s. 8-11 cm. partly hollow, fragile, fibrillose, subequal, white, apex with white meal; sp. 10 × 5.
  43. var. radicatum, Cke. S. fusiform, rooting.
  44. lugens, Jungh. Smell strong. P. 4-7 cm. exp. glabrous, rather viscid, brown then yellowish; g. pale rusty, edge crenulate, darker; s. 4-7 cm. shining, fibrillosely striate, subbulbous, apex white-mealy; sp. 10 × 6.
  45. truncatum, Schaeff. P. 4-7 cm. exp. undulately wavy, almost dry, somewhat rufous, edge paler; g. crowded, dry; s. 1.5-2 cm. solid, stout, equal, everywhere slightly pruinose, white; sp. 12-13 × 6.
  46. [mentiens, Karst. P. convexo-plane, edge angularly bent down, even, glabrous, dry, yellowish-tan, tinged tawny when dry; g. subadnate, broad, thin, white, yellowish when dry; s. hollow, fibrous, flexuous, glabrous, white, apex thickened and rather pruinose; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.
  47. nudipes, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. even, almost glabrous, slightly viscid, tan then pale, edge thin; g. crowded, dry; s. 4-6 cm. solid, equal, pelliculose, glabrous, naked, shining white, base fibrillose; sp. 12 × 6. (8-10 × 4-5 Sacc.)
  48. [sacchariolens, Q. Smell strong, like burnt sugar. P. campan. then convex, 2-3 cm. thin, glabrous, viscid, whitish with the centre buff; g. sinuate, crinkled, whitish then buff bordered with white; s. slender, subfistulose, slightly striate, silky, pruinose at the summit, white, streaked with fawn fibrils below; sp. 12 long.
  50. [circinans, Karst. P. campan.-convex, lubricous, smoky-ochre, edge revolute downy and whitish; g. sinuate, crowded, reddish, edge white, crenulate; s. slender, whitish, subbulbous, with reflexed circinate fibrils; sp. 11-12 long.
  51. nauseosum, Cke. Smell nauseous. P. 3-4 cm. convex then exp. gibbous, viscid, whitish ochre; g. very broad; s. 3-5 cm. whitish, mealy above; sp. 20 × 10.
  52. Differs from H. crustuliniforme in glabrous s.
  53. capnicocephalum, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, glabrous, gilvous, disc darker, edge becoming blackish; g. broad, rusty; s. 3-4 cm. narrowed downwards, fibrillosely-striate, pale rufescent; sp. 9 × 5. (12-14 × 7-8, Sacc.)
  54. ischnostylum, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. broadly umb. rather viscid, white or a little pallid at disc; g. edge serrulate; s. 4-5 cm. smooth, naked, whitish; sp. 12 × 7.
  55. Differs from H. nudipes in whitish p.
  56. [diffractum, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous, nearly dry, at length broken up into scales, tan; g. broad; s. hollow, white, narrowed below, whitish floccosely scaly above; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.
  57. [subzonatum, Weinm. P. campanulato-exp. viscid, with darker innately scaly zones, whitish; g. crowded, narrow; s. equal, rather bulbous, fibrillose, apex pruinose.
  58. [spoliatum, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, viscid, even, glabrous, reddish tan; g. broad, crowded; s. equal, rooting, tough, glabrous, apex pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.
  59. [tortuosum, Karst. P. convex, exp. gibbous, even, rufous-tan then pale, glabrous; g. pallid then honey-colour; s. narrowed below, hollow, contorted, pallid, apex with white floccose scales; sp. 6-9 × 4-5.
  60. C. Pusilli. Pileus scarcely an inch broad.
  61. magnimamma, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umbo strongly mammiform, naked, brick-red then pale; g. obtusely adnate, crowded; s. 2-3 cm. equal, glabrous, gilvous then pallid; sp. ——.
  62. [sterile, Jungh. P. campan.-exp. glabrous, even, dry, violet; g. free, narrow, rusty; s. solid, equal, glabrous, violet, apex floccosely pruinose.
  63. [odini, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, naked, bay, edge tawny; g. slightly sinuate, yellow then tawny; s. fibrillose, tawny bay.
  64. petiginosum, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conico-convex then exp. yellowish, gibbous disc fuscous, margin silkily hoary; g. free, yellow then olive bay; s. 3 cm. rufescent, pulverulent; sp. 10 × 5.

NAUCORIA, Fr.

  1. A. Gymnoti. Pileus glabrous. Veil absent. Spores rusty, not dingy rusty brown.
    1. * Gills free or slightly adnexed.
    2. lugubris, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-exp. wavy, often viscid, even, pallid becoming rusty, opaque; g. free, very broad, crowded; s. 6-9 cm. glabrous, fusiformly rooting, pallid; sp. 7 × 4.
    3. A form in pine woods has p. bullate, disc bay; s. short.
    4. festiva, Fr. P. 2.3 cm. convex, subgibbous, even, glutinous, usually olive-brown, isabelline when dry; s. free, crowded, ventricose, rusty; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, fusiformly rooting, colour various, violet, rufous, &c.; sp. 12 × 6. (8 × 4 Sacc.)
    5. Every part variable in colour.
    6. [christinae, Fr. P. conico-acute, rather wavy, viscid, fiery cinnamon when moist, tawny and shining when dry, then pale; g. free, pallid then fiery saffron; s. cylindric, glabrous, rooting, dull blood-red; sp. 4-5 × 3-4.
    7. [medullosa, Bres. Smell weak, like radishes. P. conico-campan. exp. subumb. viscid, glabrous, tawny then paler; g. crowded, almost free, edge white-pruinose; s. tinged fuscous, apex pale, pruinose, base thickened and white-downy, pith white, separable; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.
    8. [hilaris, Fr. P. thin, even, rather viscid, tawny orange, shining; g. yellowish rusty; s. hollow, shining yellow.
    9. [subglobosa, A. and S. P. hemisph. even, rather viscid, yellowish; g. nearly free, very broad, rhomboid; s. stuffed, thin, short, striate; sp. 8 × 4.
    10. hamadryas, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, exp. gibbous, even, rusty bay, yellowish red when dry and old; g. attenuato-adnexed, rusty; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, equal, glabrous, pallid; sp. 13-14 × 7.
    11. [nimbosa, Post. P. convex exp. umb. pruinosely velvety, rufous brown; g. broad, rusty, edge fimbriate; s. everywhere pruinosely velvety, fuscous below, pale above; sp. 10-11 × 6.
    12. cidaris, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conical then campan. even, cinnamon tan, paler when dry, edge wavy, striate; g. ventricose, honey-colour; s. 2.5-3 cm. fusiform, blackish brown; sp. 10 long.
    13. Differs from M. cucumis in absence of smell.
    14. [Jennyae, Karst. P. conical, exp. subumb. acute, even, glabrous, dry, orange-bay; g. crowded; s. cartilaginous, fibrous inside, tough, fusiformly narrowed below, apex thickened, reddish bay; sp. 4-5 × 3-4.
    15. cucumis, Pers. Smell strong, like cucumber. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. broadly campan. brownish bay when moist, edge paler; g. pallid then saffron; s. 2-4 cm. blackish brown, apex thickened, hollow, pruinose; sp. 9-10 × 5-6.
    17. anguinea, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. campan. convex, gibbous, even, yellowish tan, a silky zone near the edge; g. crowded, linear, rusty; s. 5-7 cm. bay, densely coated with white fibrils; sp. ——.
    18. [micans, Fr. P. convex, gibbous, even, rather shining, yellow; g. greenish yellow then rusty; s. rufo-fuscous, pruinate.
    19. centuncula, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, lurid green then yellowish, becoming pale; g. thick, broad, greyish yellow; s. 2.3 cm. base with white down, apex white-pulverulent; sp. 8-10 × 6.
    20. Stem usually incurved, often excentric.
    21. [laeta, Lamb. Entirely clear yellow. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous; g. free, crowded, narrow; s. slender, elongated, glabrous.
    22. horizontalis, Bull. Watery cinnamon. P. 1-2 cm. exp. even; g. broad; s. 1 cm. incurved, naked; sp. 12-13 × 7-8.
    23. [rimulincola, Rab. Cinnamon. P. hemisph. umbil. plicate, rugulosely tomentose; g. thick, very broad, edge white, crenulate; s. subexcentric, short, curved; sp. 12-15 × 7.
    24. semiflexa, B. and Br. P. 1 cm. exp. chestnut, edge fringed with white silky veil, hygr.; g. broad and distant; s. 1 cm. incurved, pale, solid; sp. 8 × 5.
    25. [pygmaea, Bull. P. exp. obtuse, edge striate, ochre-tan; g. ventricose, rusty; s. fistulose, thin, wavy, glabrous, white.
    26. rubricata, B. and Br. Gregarious. P. concave then exp. and depr. 4-7 mm. whitish then tinged rufous or ochre; g. adnexed, whitish then pinkish, finally brownish, rounded in front; s. slender, incurved, base scurfy or downy; sp. ——.
    27. ** Gills adnate, pileus convexo-plane.
    28. [enchymosa, Lund. P. exp. glabrous, disc minutely punctate, olive when moist, tan when dry; g. tawny then rusty; s. pallid then colour of p.
    29. [hyperella, Fr. P. convex then plane, umbonate, fuscescent, hoary-rusty when dry; g. crowded, obscure rusty; s. filiform, silky fibrillose, pallid.
    30. abstrusa, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, even, glabrous, viscid, rusty tan; g. crowded; s. 2-3 cm. rigid, glabrous, rusty; sp. 10 × 5.
    31. N. melinoides differs in striate p.
    32. [flacca, Karst. P. conoid-campan. tan or yellowish-cinnamon; g. adnate, soon free, colour of p.; s. cartilaginous, equal, paler than p. umber below, white-fibrillose; sp. 9-11 × 5.
    33. innocua, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, almost glabrous, striate, rufous then pale; g. yellowish ochre; s. 2-3 cm. white-fibrillose; sp. 11 × 4-5.
    34. cerodes, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, orbicular, even, hygr. wax-colour then ochre; g. broad, ochre cinnamon; s. 3-5 cm. equal, naked, yellow, base rusty; sp. 6 × 3. (12-16 × 6-8, Sacc.)
    35. [solstitialis, Karst. P. campan. exp. depr. umb. fragile, glabrous, edge striate then torn, honey-colour then rusty cinnamon, rusty when dry; g. entire, cinnamon; s. equal, straight, pallid then greenish umber; sp. 9-10 × 5-6.
    36. melinoides, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, obtusely umb. even, glabrous, tawny, ochre when dry; g. triquetrous-oblong, honey-colour, toothed; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, thickish, with yellow meal above, base white; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.
    37. pusiola, Fr. P. 1 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, rather viscid, tawny yellow; g. broad; s. 2 cm. slender, glabrous, yellow, shining; sp. 8 × 4.
    38. [miserrima, Karst. P. plane, umb. sulcate then splitting, whitish when dry, glabrous; g. adfixed, distant, broad, ventricose, subochre; s. equal, base and apex slightly thickened, fistulose, straight, naked, whitish; sp. ——.
    39. *** Gills adnate; pileus campan. then exp.
    40. nucea, Bolt. P. globoso-campan. umbil. punctate, pale chestnut, edge incurved, rather lobed; g. rather crisped, cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. silky fibrillose, white; sp. 10-11 × 6.
    41. scolecina, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex then plane, edge slightly striate, rusty bay; g. white then rusty, edge flocculose; s. 5-7 cm. wavy, rusty rufous, white-mealy; sp. 10 × 6.
    42. [amarescens, Q. P. slightly rugulose, brown then tan; g. uncinato-ventricose, whitish then tawny; s. striate, whitish saffron then umber; sp. 10 long.
    43. sideroides, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. campan. exp. umb. glabrous, viscid, reddish-yellow, ochre and shining when dry; g. uncinately adfixed with a decur. tooth, narrow, crowded; s. even, glabrous, apex white-mealy, pallid, base brownish; sp. 8-10 × 4-6.
    44. glandiformis, W. G. Sm. P. 2-3 cm. obtusely campan. then nut-shaped, nut-brown, smooth, even; g. very broad, umber; s. 6-9 cm. equal, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 6-8.
    45. [stictica, Fr. P. convexo-plane, orbicular, even, rough with minute superficial granules; hygr. brownish ochre then tan; g. crowded, pale cinnamon; s. rusty brown.
    46. [typhicola, P. Henn. P. thin, fragile, campan.-exp. subumb. flocculose then smooth, edge striate, hygr. fuscescent; g. unequal, subdistant, ventricose, flesh-colour then tawny; s. hollow, slender, mealy-squamulose then smooth, whitish, base bulbous, white tomentose; sp. 8-11 × 5-7.
    47. badipes, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex subumb. glabrous, pellucidly striate from umbo when moist, rusty yellow then pale, edge almost straight; g. adnate, ventricose; s. 4-7 cm. rusty, with white fibrillose squamules up to middle; sp. 10 × 5.
    48. hydrophila, Mass. P. 1-3 cm. campan. then slightly exp. acutely umb. glabrous, edge striate when moist, pale tan with tinge of green; g. brownish, edge pale; s. 3-5 cm. equal, flexuous, hollow, with red and green tints; sp. 13-14 × 6-7.
    50. striaepes, Cke. P. 2-4 cm. campan. then exp. more or less gibbous, ochre; g. broad, tawny cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. straight or wavy, hollow, white, distinctly longitudinally striate; sp. 10 × 4.
    51. [camerina, Fr. P. campan.-convex, obtusely umb. glabrous, moist, edge striate, ochraceous tan, paler when dry, disc darker; g. crowded, yellowish cinnamon; s. wavy, adpressedly fibrillose, equal, umber.
    52. triscopoda, Fr. P. 1 cm. conical then hemispher. then convexo-plane, umb. bay, ochre when dry; g. obscure rusty; s. 1-3 cm. filiform, glabrous, rusty, base umber; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.
  2. B. Phaeoti. Pileus naked. Gills and spores brownish-rusty.
    1. * Pediadei. Growing in fields and pastures.
    2. [amoena, Weinm. P. almost plane, even, rather viscid, dingy yellow disc tinged rusty, then pale; g. adnate with decur. tooth, rusty; s. fibrously stuffed, equal, fibrillose, shining white; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.
    3. vervacti, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. even, glabrous, viscid, shining when dry, yellow; g. adnate with decur. tooth, crowded; s. 3-4 cm. stuffed then hollow, attenuated, glabrous, rigid, not rooting, whitish; sp. 12-16 × 8-10.
    4. pediades, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, obtuse or depr. dry, at length minutely rivulose, yellowish ochre then tan; g. adnexed, broad; s. 4-7 cm. with a pith, rather wavy and silky, yellowish, base slightly bulbous; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.
    5. semiorbicularis, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. hemispher. then exp. even, glabrous, rather viscid, at length rivulose, tawny rusty then ochre; g. adnate, very broad, crowded; s. 4-9 cm. pale rusty, shining, containing a free tube inside; sp. 10 × 5-6.
    6. arvalis, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, yellow brown, ochre when dry; g. adnexed; s. 2-4 cm. fistulose, thin, pulverulent, yellowish, with a long filiform root; sp. 9 × 5.
    7. Differs from N. orbicularis in long rooting s.
    8. tabacina, D. C. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. bay brown, almost plane, very obtuse, edge involute, hygr.; g. adnate, crowded, cinnamon bay; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, glabrous, cinnamon; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.
    9. [tabacella, Sacc. Entirely cinnamon-brown. P. convex, centre squamulose; s. terete, toughish, fibrillose, base rather thickened; sp. 10-11 × 6.
    10. [undulosa, Jungh. P. convex, even, umbo fleshy, bay, shining; g. adnate, ovate, distant; s. solid, firm, wavy, naked, colour of p.; sp. 6 × 4.
    12. ** Scorpoidei. Growing in damp uncultivated places or in woods.
    13. tenax, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. exp. glabrous, rather viscid, hygr. cinnamon then ochre; g. adnate, edge entire, whitish; s. 3-5 cm. equal, yellowish fuscous, striate with adpr. fibrils, almost glabrous, veil fugacious; sp. 8 × 5.
    14. myosotis, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, subumb. with a viscid pellicle, olive or greenish brown then yellowish; g. adnato-decur. edge serrate, white; s. 7-12 cm. slender, pallid, fibrilloso-scaly-cortinate; sp. 11-12 × 6. (16-18 × 8-9 Sacc.)
    15. [Tavastensis, Karst. P. convex, exp. disc, often depr. near edge with concentric large yellowish floccose scales, livid-yellow then dingy tawny tan; g. adnate, crowded; s. straight, subequal, solid, fibrillosely scaly, pallid then tinged fuscous, ring torn, yellowish; sp. 15-17 × 8-9.
    16. [scorpioides, Fr. P. conico-convex, exp. glabrous, scarcely viscid, depr. round umbo, somewhat reddish tan then pale; g. adnate with a decur. tooth, edge coloured like rest, entire; s. slender, wavy, dry, pallid, white-fibrillose, apex pruinose; sp. 5-6 long.
    17. temulenta, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. convex, glabrous, subumb. hygr. edge slightly striate, rusty then ochre; g. adnate, narrow in front, lurid then rusty umber; s. 4-5 cm. fistulose but with a loose pith, thin, tough, polished, wavy, glabrous, apex powdery; sp. 12 × 6.
    18. subtemulenta, Lamb. P. campan. then convex, slightly umb. striate, hygr. brown ochre when wet, tan when dry; g. crowded, narrow, almost free, colour of p.; s. slender, colour of p. thickened towards base and dark rusty.
    19. latissima, Cke. P. 1.5-3 cm. subglobose, edge at first incurved, deep chestnut brown; g. adnexed, very broad, tawny umber; s. 3-5 cm. narrowed downwards into a rooting base, dark brown below, pale above; sp. ——.
    20. Differs from N. glandiformis in tapering, rooting s.
    21. [heliophila, Fr. P. convex, umb. convex, dry, golden tawny, shining; g. adnate, closely crowded, plane, pallid; s. not polished, with scattered black points.
    22. reducta, Fr. P. convexo-plane, hygr. striate to middle, membranaceous, rather olive or brownish honey-colour; g. dingy yellow then rusty; s. narrowed upwards, tough amber-brown, apex paler, pruinose.
  3. C. Lepidoti. (Naucoria typical.) Pileus flocculose or squamulose. Veil evident. Spores rusty.
    1. * Scales of pileus superficial, disappearing.
    2. porriginosa, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, exp. obtuse, viscid, tawny then pale, with scattered superficial saffron flecks; g. adnate, yellow-cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. equal, silky, pallid.
    4. [lapponica, Laest. P. convex, umb. then plane, viscid, rufous brown, discoid, with scattered yellow pilose scales; g. serrulate, white then brown; s. elongated, cuticle separating.
    5. sobria, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convexo-plane, rather viscid and silky, yellowish, veil pruinose, fugacious; g. adnate, crowded, broad, saffron then pallid, edge pale; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, base brownish, white-floccose; sp. 14-16 × 10.
    6. var. dispersa, B. and Br. P. 0.5-1 cm. convex, ochre, punctulate, edge scurfy; s. scurfy, ring append.; g. pallid, edge white.
    7. ** Pileus innately squamulose.
    8. erinacea, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. dry, convex, subumbil. squamulose with fascicles of hairs, rusty-umber; g. adnate, quite entire; s. 1-1.5 cm. incurved, hairy, colour of p.; sp. 9-15 × 6-7.
    9. Dry as in Marasmius. Differs from N. siparia in entire edge of g. and stem squamulose throughout.
    10. siparia, Weinm. P. 1-2 cm. plane, obtuse, woolly-scaly, reddish rusty; g. broad, edge floccose; s. 1.5-2 cm. squamulose, apex glabrous; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.
    11. conspersa, Pers. P. 1-1.5 cm. fragile, convexo-plane, obtuse, hygr. soon broken up into scurfy squamules, cinnamon bay then ochre; g. adnate, crowded; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, apex scurfy-squamulose, colour of p.; sp. 8-9 × 5.
    12. escharoides, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conico-convex, exp. obtuse scurfy-squamulose, whitish tan disc becoming darker; g. lax, ventricose; s. 2-3 cm. wavy, adpressedly fibrillose pale then darker; s. 14 × 7.
    13. [suavis, Bres. Smell pleasant, like ripe pears. P. campan. exp. umb. brownish, centre lurid tawny then pale, squamulose; g. crowded, pallid then tawny brown; s. equal, fuscous; sp. 9-10 × 4.5-5.
    14. [limbata, Bull. P. exp. obtuse, even then concentrically floccosely squamulose, ochraceous-tan, edge striate then split; g. free, ochre-tan; s. fistulose, glabrous, white then yellowish; sp. 6-9 × 4-6.
    15. var. sublimbata. Differs in solid s. which like p. is brick-red then pale; g. rusty.
    16. [Weislandri, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, tawny, cuticle cracked into areolae, hence the surface is crowded with minute dark wart-like papillae; g. adnate, broad, dark rust; s. filiform, almost naked, blackish.
    17. *** Pileus destitute of scales, silky or atomate.
    18. [segestria, Fr. P. soft, convex, exp. or depr. silky, hygr. tan then pale; g. adnate, crowded, narrow; s. soft, tough, fibrillose, pallid; sp. 9-10 × 6.
    19. [pannosa, Fr. P. thin, exp. fuscescent, silky with white hairs; g. ventricose, distant, pale umber; s. filiform, almost glabrous, pallid.
    21. [hibala, Karst. P. convexo-depr. hygr. surface loose and pannose, sooty-umber or olive-brown, yellowish-grey when dry; g. adnate, narrow, crowded, edge grey-flocculose, subdentate; s. base with white down, pulverulent-velvety with yellowish particles.
    22. [bryophila, Roze and Boud. P. conico-campan. acute umbo blackish, rest reddish brown, striate; g. almost free, pale rose; s. cylindrical, almost translucent, brown, curved.
    23. carpophila, Fr. P. 3-6 mm. thin, convex, obtuse, shining with scurfy particles, yellowish then pallid; g. broad, crenulate, ochre; s. 5-8 cm. scurfy then naked, pallid.
    24. graminicola, Nees. P. 3-8 mm. convex, papillate, hairy-tomentose, fuscous then reddish ochre; g. rather distant, ochre then pallid; s. 1 cm. tough, hairy, brownish; sp. 7 × 4.
    25. [pityrodes, Brig. P. dry, convex, plane, umb. very minutely downy-squamulose, whitish then rufescent, edge striate, toothed; g. ventricose, pallid; s. fistulose, tough, scabrid-squamulose, tawny, strigose below.
    26. effugiens, Q. Very minute. P. thin convexo-plane, diaphanous, ochre, at length greyish olive and covered with shining crystalline grains; g. yellowish; s. incurved, mealy.
    27. echinospora, W. G. S. P. at first rather scurfy, moist, hygr. citrin, greenish marginate then pallid, edge slightly striate; g. citrin; s. reddish-brown, white squamulose; sp. rough, 7 × 6.

GALERA, Fr.

  1. I. Conocephali. Pileus conico-campanulate, hygr. almost even, atomate when dry; stem straight, gills somewhat crowded, ascending.
  2. [apala, Weinm. P. campan. equal, obtuse, even, hygr. pallid livid, white when dry; g. almost free, whitish then ochre; s. tall, fragile, narrowed upwards, white-velvety; sp. 12-14 × 7-8.
  3. var. sphaerobasis, Post. P. campan. even; s. shorter, glabrous, base spherical.
  4. lateritia, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. high, nut-shaped then conical, even, hygr. gilvous then ochre, edge densely striate when moist; g. very narrow, tawny-rust; s. 6-9 cm. fragile, narrowed upwards, white-pruinose; sp. 11-12 × 5-6.
  5. Differs from G. ovalis by narrow, ascending g.
  6. tenera, Schaeff. P. 1-2 cm. high, conico-campan. obtuse, hygr. pale yellowish rusty, pale and rather atomate when dry; g. adnate, crowded, rather broad, cinnamon; s. 6-9 cm. straight, fragile, rather shining, colour of p.; sp. 12-13 × 7.
  7. var. pilosella, Pers. P. and s. covered with short erect pubescence when moist.
  9. [flexipes, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, rusty and slightly pellucidly striate, ochraceous when dry; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid then rusty, edge crenulate; s. equal, fistulose, wavy, pallid then rusty, white-fibrillose, apex white-pruinose; sp. 10-12 × 5-6.
  10. [pubescens, Gillet. P. conical, reticulately wrinkled, atomate, very minutely pubescent, brown or ochre, hygr.; g. narrow, veined at base, rusty; s. tall, rigid, coarsely longitudinally striate above, finely pubescent, paler than p.
  11. siliginea, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. globose, then campan. finally exp. unequal, even, greyish, not becoming pale; g. adnate, ochre; s. 4-7 cm. rather wavy, equal, pallid, rather pruinose; sp. 11-13 × 5-7.
  12. campanulata, Mass. Smell strong. P. 1-2 cm. persistently campan. subacute, even, hygr. deep cinnamon, whitish, atomate and rather rugulose when dry; g. adnate, tawny cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. wavy, pallid; sp. 12 × 7.
  13. ovalis, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. thin, ovato-campan. even, hygr. dark rusty, yellowish when dry; g. nearly free, ventricose, very broad, rusty; s. 6-9 cm. straight, equal, slightly striate, colour of p. hollow; sp. 10 × 6.
  14. Veil sometimes subannulate.
  15. [rabenhorstii, Fr. P. acutely conical then exp. umbil. pellucidly striate, olive; g. lanceolate, white then rufous-brown; s. fibrously striate, brownish-white, base thickened, somewhat floccosely rooting.
  16. antipoda, Lasch. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan.-convex, even, ochre, whitish and atomate when dry; s. 2-3 cm. striate, mealy, base bulbous and fusiformly rooting; g. almost free, crowded, yellowish-ochre; sp. 15-16 × 8.
  17. conferta, Bolt. P. 1-2 cm. acutely conico-campan. striate, glabrous, hygr. fuscous, fuscous ochre when dry; g. slightly adnexed, white then brownish ochre; s. 2-4 cm. silky, shining, naked, with an equal very long rooting base; sp. ——.
  18. Densely crowded, very fragile.
  19. spicula, Lasch. P. conico-campan. striate when moist, brown-ochre, flocculose when dry; g. adnate; s. straight, slender, white-floccose, base thickened, fibrillose.
  20. spartea, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex, exp. obtuse, hygr. even when dry, glabrous, cinnamon then pale; g. adnate, crowded; s. 3-5 cm. rigid, flexile, glabrous; sp. ——.
  21. Resembling G. tener but smaller, and s. not straight.
  22. pygmaeo-affinis, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. exp. dry, not striate, slightly wrinkled, honey-tan; g. thin, crowded, very narrow, rusty-ochre; s. 4-6 cm. equal, shining white; sp. ——.
  23. Fries says this is possibly a tall form of Naucoria pygmaea.
  25. II. Bryogeni. Pileus membranaceous, campanulate, striate, glabrous, hygr. even, opaque and rather silky when dry; stem slender, lax, flexile; gills broadly and abruptly adnate, broad, somewhat denticulate.
  26. vittaeformis, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. papillate, striate, somewhat bay; g. adnate, ascending; s. 3-7 cm. equal, flexile, even, reddish; sp. 12 × 6.
  27. rubiginosa, Fr. P. 0.5-1 cm. campan. obtuse, everywhere deeply striate, hygr. cinnamon or honey-colour, tan when dry; g. distant, broad, opaque; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, reddish; sp. 10 × 5.
  28. hypnorum, Batsch. P. 0.5-1 cm. campan. subpapillate, glabrous, striate, hygr. ochre or tawny-ochre then pale; g. broad, lax; s. 3-4 cm. wavy, colour of p. apex pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.
  29. var. bryorum, Pers. Larger, watery cinnamon, papilla somewhat horny; sp. 10 × 6.
  30. var. sphagnorum, Pers. Two to three times larger than type, yellowish-ochre; s. elongated, subfibrillose, tawny.
  31. [hypnicola, Karst. P. conico-campan. obtuse, disc gibbous, deeply lineato-striate, livid fuscous, soon paler; g. crowded; s. equal, lax, flaccid, silky flocculose from veil, soon glabrous, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 7.
  32. mniophila, Lasch. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan. subpapillate, striate, brownish yellow; g. broad, yellowish-ochre; s. 4-7 cm. equal, flexile, yellow, apex mealy; sp. 14 × 6.
  33. minuta, Q. P. 3-5 mm. campan. striate, pale tawny bistre; g. arcuate, as broad as long; s. 1-2 cm. hair-like, tawny, shining, woolly and white at base; sp. 6 × 4.
  34. [aquatilis, Fr. P. campan.-convex, subpapillate, glabrous, watery, edge striate, pallid honey-colour or hyaline, then whitish; g. distant, triquetrous, pallid; s. very long, slender, even, very glabrous, pallid; sp. 10-14 × 6.
  35. [tenuissima, Weinm. P. campan. obtuse, glabrous, slightly striate, tinged olive; g. crowded, cinnamon; s. very slender, flexile, glabrous, cinnamon; sp. 10-13 long.
  36. III. Eriodermi. Pileus submembranaceous; veil evident, superficial, deciduous; at first—especially near the edge—silky or squamulose.
  37. pityria, Fr. P. campan. exp. glabrous, viscid, lurid, tan when dry, fugacious veil append.; g. slightly adnexed, crowded, rusty; s. fistulose, firm, glabrous, silvery, apex with white meal.
  38. ravida, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. campan. then hemispher. even when moist, greyish, dingy ochre when dry, edge at first toothed with white veil; g. nearly free, gilvous; s. 2-3 cm. fibrilloso-striate, pallid, silvery; sp. 8-10 × 4.
  39. mycenopsis, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan. exp. disc even, striate to middle, at first silky-white near edge, ochre then pale; g. white then ochre; s. 6-9 cm. attenuated, white, silky; sp. 9-12 × 5-6.
  40. [morchelloides, De Brond. P. conoid, obtuse, subgibbous, with anastomosing wrinkles, edge wavy, tawny ochre; g. whitish then fuscous; s. equal, squamulose, rufous.
  41. [vestita, Fr. P. campan. striate, tawny yellow when moist, ochre when dry, edge fimbriately toothed with the veil; g. adnate, yellow then ochre; s. rigid, pulverulent, yellowish; sp. 10 × 4-5.
  42. [Sahleri, Q. Minute. P. conical, acute, striate, chestnut tawny, honey-colour when dry, deciduous silky fibrils at margin; g. adnate, tawny ochre; s. fibrillose, shining; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.