gracilis, B. P. 2-3 cm. conical then hemispher. sometimes depr. and subumb. vinous brown, or tan with gluten that leaves blackish spots; g. decur. whitish then bistre; s. 3-5 cm. flexuous, pallid, base yellow; sp. 16-18 × 5.

HYPHOLOMA, Fr.

  1. * Fasciculares. Pileus tough, glabrous, bright coloured when dry, not hygr.
  2. silaceum, Pers. P. 6-8 cm. convex, orange-rufous, edge whitish and silky; g. adnate, grey then olive; s. 6-7 cm. bulbous, shining; sp. ——.
  3. Fries says it is solitary, Secretan says caespitose from a common base.
  4. sublateritium, Schaeff. P. 4-9 cm. convexo-plane, discoid, dry, becoming glabrous, orange brick-red, edge pale, flesh compact, whitish; g. adnate, white then smoky olive; s. 6-10 cm. fibrillose, rusty; sp. 8 × 4.
  5. var. Schaefferi, Fr. P. yellow; s. hollow, equal.
  6. var. squamosa, Fr. P. brick-red, edge yellow with superficial scales, flesh thick, yellowish.
  7. [transversum, Gill. P. exp. obtusely umb. glabrous, brick-red, disc darker; g. yellowish, narrowed at both ends, connected by strong veins; s. solid, glabrous, pale above, base rusty.
  8. capnoides, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, obtuse, very glabrous, yellow or tinged tawny; g. adnate, grey then purplish; s. 5-9 cm. pallid, slightly silky; sp. 8 × 4.
  9. epixanthum, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. subgibbous, silky then glabrous, pale yellow, disc often tawny, flesh yellow; g. yellowish white then grey; s. 7-10 cm. floccosely fibrillose, whitish, apex mealy; sp. 7 × 4.
  10. elaeodes, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subumb. dry, glabrous, brick-red, flesh yellow; g. green then pure olive; s. 5-9 cm. fibrillose, rusty; sp. 5-6 × 3-4.
  11. fasciculare, Huds. Fasciculate, taste bitter. P. 2-5 cm. exp. subumb. tawny, edge pale; g. adnate, closely crowded, yellow then greenish, subliquescent; s. 6-9 cm. hollow, fibrillose, flesh like that of p. yellow; sp. 7 × 4.
  12. Said to be a parasite on the roots of raspberry.
  13. instratum, Britz. P. 2-4 cm. convex, broadly umb. dark brown, radially rugose; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. squamulose and brownish downwards; sp. 8 × 4.
  14. [aelopodium, Fr. P. fleshy, convex then plane, obtuse, glabrous, rufescent; g. adnate, yellowish then brownish-olive; s. fistulose with a free tube inside, variegated with minute red squamules.
  15. dispersum, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. P. fleshy, exp. obtuse, tawny, honey-colour near the edge and silky; s. 5-9 cm. tough, silky-fibrillose, base brownish; g. subventricose, crowded, then clouded; sp. 7 × 3-4. (14 × 6 Sacc.)
  16. [irroratum, Karst. P. convex, plane, gibbous, even, tawny honey-colour, edge silky pruinose; g. adnate, crowded, edge dentate, straw-colour then darker and tinged green; s. tough, fibrillosely-silky, pallid, equal, wavy below and with dense rusty down, rooting; sp. 6-8 × 4.
  17. Smell and taste very sour. Differs from H. dispersum in stem and silky silvery edge of p.
  18. ** Viscidi. Pileus naked, viscid.
  19. [Gilletii, Alex. P. exp. glutinous, rusty or ochre, edge lilac; g. adnate, reddish-violet; s. solid, curved, strigosely-squamose, colour of p.
  20. incomptum, Mass. P. 6-9 cm. campan. then exp. broadly umb. viscid when moist, deep bay-brown, tawny-orange when dry, edge wavy; g. olive clouded purple; s. 6-7 cm. rusty squamulose; sp. 8 × 3.5.
  21. oedipus, Cke. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. hemispher. edge ragged, glutinous, umber edge paler; g. adnate; s. 4-5 cm. enlarged downwards to the bulbous base, ring median; sp. ——.
  22. [Buxbaumii, Weinm. P. exp. even, glabrous, viscid, yellowish-white; g. adnate, greyish-black; s. solid, long, equal, shining-white; sp. ——.
  23. [Prescotii, Weinm. P. exp. glabrous, viscid, rufescent; g. adnate, crowded, grey then fuscous-violet; s. stuffed, equal, elastic, white, with pale rufescent squamules.
  24. *** Velutini. Pileus innately fibrillose, silky or virgate.
  25. storea, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. convexo-plane, umb. dry, fibrillose with longitudinal fibrils, pale fuscous then pallid; g. adnate, dry, edge white-serrulate; s. 8-10 cm. solid, pallid; sp. ——.
  26. lacrymabundum, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. convex, obtuse, piloso-squamose, scales innate darker, whitish then darker; g. adnate, crowded, brownish-purple; s. hollow, fibrillosely-squamulose, whitish, flesh whitish; sp. 10 × 5-6.
  27. var. hypoxanthum (= Ag. hypoxanthus, Phil. and Plow.). Base of s. and mycelium yellow; sp. 9-11 × 5.
  28. Quélet considers this species to be identical with his Stroph. cotonea.
  29. pyrotrichum, Holmsk. P. 5-9 cm. hemispher. densely covered with tawny-red squamules of fasciculate hairs; flesh and veil tawny; g. adnate; s. 6-9 cm. fibrillose, tawny; sp. 11 × 6.
  30. var. egregius, Mass. S. with spreading whitish squamules largest near ring.
  32. velutinum, Pers. P. 5-9 cm. campan. then exp. at length obtusely umb. hygr. at first tomentose with adpr. fibrils then glabrous, livid then paler, flesh very thin; g. seceding, brownish-bay, spotted black; s. hollow, silky, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 5-6.
  33. var. leiocephalum, B. and Br. Smaller; disc rugged, smooth except margin.
  34. Quélet considers this species to represent the true Ag. lachrymabundus of Bulliard, tab. 194.
  35. [melantinum, Fr. P. campan. then exp. umber then pale, variegated with black innate pilose squamules; g. adnexed, ventricose, pale umber; s. fistulose, pallid, fibrillosely hispid; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.
  36. [lepidotum, Bres. P. convex, exp. subgibbous, chestnut, centre fuscous, with black fibrils which are here and there compacted into squamules, densely striate; g. crowded, almost free, purple-brown, edge fimbriate, white; s. white, apex white-scurfy, veil evanescent; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.
  37. **** Floccolusi. Pileus with superficial, floccose scales which fall away.
  38. cascum, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. oval then exp. rugulose, becoming glabrous, greyish ochre then pale; g. ventricose, dry, very broad, grey then blackish brown; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, fibrillose, white; sp. ——.
  39. [sylvestre, Gill. P. conical then exp. obtuse, white at first, soon covered with large, adpressed brown or blackish, fibrillose scales, margin appendiculate at first; g. crowded; s. cylindrical, wavy, white.
  40. punctulatum, Kalchbr. Caespitose. P. 2-3 cm. convex, edge incurved, pallid, minutely squamulose; g. sinuato-adnate; s. 2-5 cm. squamuloso-fibrillose up to ring; sp. ——.
  41. [coriarium, Vitt. P. convex then depr. discoid, floccosely scaly then almost glabrous, clay-colour, disc darker; g. pinkish then ochre; s. hollow, clavate, apex dilated.
  42. [intonsum, Pass. P. flocculosely tomentose, veil membranaceous, appendiculate spreading; g. adnate, rosy then bay, edge white crenulate; s. hollow, white, striate, apex flocculose.
  43. [artemisiae, Passer. P. thin, exp. flocculose, edge incurved, white veil evident; g. adnate, crowded, white then fuscescent, edge white, entire; s. thick, white, apex narrowed and striate, base floccose.
  44. ***** Appendiculati. Pileus glabrous, hygrophanous.
  45. lanaripes, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. edge upturned, centre conical, pallid, squamose, veil attached to margin; g. adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, white; sp. ——.
  46. [coronatum, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, subisabelline centre darker and variegated with darker spots, edge with tooth-like fragments of veil; g. adnate, closely crowded, very narrow; s. glabrous, even, white.
  47. Candolleanum, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. campan. then exp. bay then whitish, apex tinged ochre, pruinose; g. sinuate, lilac then purple-brown, edge white; s. 4-7 cm. fistulose, slender, fibrillose, apex striate, veil membranous, forming a ring or appendiculate, white; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.
  48. Differs from H. appendiculatum in the gills being lilac or violet when young.
  49. [violaceo-atrum, Letell. Caespitose. P. conical then exp. umb. dusky violet; g. brownish violet; s. fistulose, even, whitish.
  50. appendiculatum, Bull. P. 4-7 cm. ovate then exp. bay then whitish, rugulose, and atomate; g. white then fleshy brown; s. 5-7 cm. glabrous, white; sp. 5 × 2.5. (6-8 × 3-4 Sacc.)
  51. Differs from H. Candolleanum by absence of violet in gills when young.
  52. hydrophilum, Bull. (Bolbitius, Fr.). Tufted. P. 3-5 cm. convex then exp. often rather wavy and rugulose, glabrous, bay then ochre; g. adnexed, crowded, with beads of moisture, fuscous-cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. pallid; sp. 5 × 3, rusty cinnamon.
  53. Differs from Psil. spadicea in the rusty cinnamon gills and spores.
  54. [sublentum, Karst. P. tough, campan.-convex, exp. obtuse, wavy, rugulose towards the edge which is silky from veil, glabrous, hygr. smoky rufous or brown then pale; g. adnate, purplish brown, edge white, flocculosely crenate; s. fibrous, hollow, white, veil append.; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.
  55. [subpapillatum, Karst. Caespitose. P. exp. wavy, glabrous, rough with minute crowded warts, bay or rufous-cinnamon then pale ochre and wrinkled; g. dry; s. equal, silky-shining, apex striate and pruinose, becoming pale; sp. 5 × 2.5-3.
  56. Differs from Hypholoma appendiculatum in granulose p.
  57. catarium, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. exp. ochraceous then pale; g. adnate, white then fuscous; s. 3-4 cm. white, rather shining, base thickened and white-floccose; sp. 6 × 3.
  58. leucotephrum, B. and Br. Tufted. P. 5-7 cm. campan. exp. whitish, rugose, append.; g. grey then blackish; s. 6-9 cm. apex coarsely striate, ring ample; sp. 10 × 6.
  59. [felinum, Pass. P. hemispher. exp. glabrous, hygr.; g. adnate, white, then fuscous; s. fistulose, short, slender, somewhat shining, base thickened and white floccose, apex striate.
  60. egenulum, B. and Br. Solitary. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umb. watery white, smooth, edge appendiculate; g. purplish umber, edge white; s. 4-5 cm. fistulose; sp. ——.
  61. pilulaeforme, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. globose then exp. even, fuscous then ochre; g. white then brownish; s. 2-3 cm. white, at first with a ring; sp. ——.

PANAEOLUS, Fr.

  1. * Pileus viscid, shining when dry.
  2. leucophanes, B. and Br. P. 2 cm. campan. obtuse, whitish, satiny, edge with fragments of veil; g. adnate, edge white; s. 4-5 cm. white, slightly wavy; sp. 11-13 × 7-8.
  3. egregius, Mass. P. 4-5 cm. ovate-campan. even, orange-brown; g. adnexed, broad, edge paler; s. 9-12 cm. pale brown; sp. 15-17 × 7-8.
  4. phalenarum, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, greyish then yellowish, veil append.; g. broad, greyish then black; s. 6-10 cm. equal, pruinose, pale rufescent; sp. 10 × 6.
  5. Differs from P. papilionaceus in viscid p.
  6. ** Pileus not viscid, moist, subflocculose when dry.
  7. retirugis, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. globose then hemisph. subumb. pinkish tan, atomate, opaque, with anastomosing raised ribs; g. greyish black; s. 5-9 cm. equal, pruinose, purplish; sp. 11-13 × 7. (15-20 × 8-9 Sacc.)
  8. Margin often appendiculate.
  9. [remotus, Schaeff. P. campan.-convex, subumb. flocculosely-rugulose when dry, smoky-tawny; g. free, at length remote, ventricose, black; s. fistulose, slender, fuscescent; sp. 11-12 × 8-9.
  10. sphinctrinus, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. parabolic, obtuse, even, moist, grey or smoky-black, livid and rather silky when dry, veil append.; g. adnate, grey or olive then blackish with a very narrow white edge; s. 4-7 cm. sooty grey, apex even; sp. 15-17 × 9-10.
  11. *** Pileus not viscid, smooth, rather polished, zoneless.
  12. campanulatus, L. P. 2-3 cm. campan. slightly viscid, sooty grey, paler and the cuticle often cracking or peeling when dry; g. adfixed, crowded, grey spotted with black, often with beads of moisture; s. fistulose, rufescent or reddish-grey, everywhere pruinose, summit striate; sp. 8-9 × 6. (15-18 × 9-13, Sacc.)
  13. papilionaceus, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. pruinose, greyish, cracked into squamules when dry; g. broadly adnate, very broad, grey spotted with black; s. 6-9 cm. whitish, apex with white meal; sp. 11-12 × 7. (18 long, Quélet.)
  14. [subfirmus, Karst. P. convex then plane, centre subdepr. but also subumb. even, glabrous, shining, disc subrugulose, dry, pale, smoky line often present near edge; g. adnexed with decur. tooth, lanceolate, black; s. wavy, glabrous, pale, apex flocculosely scaly; sp. 12-14 × 7-9.
  15. caliginosus, Jungh. P. 2 cm. campan. obtuse, even, brown; g. adnexed, lanceolate; s. 4-7 cm. equal, even, naked, colour of p.; sp. 10 × 6-7. (16-18 × 10 Sacc.)
  16. [Quéletii, Schulz. Solitary, hygr. P. conical, even, pale umber disc fuscescent; g. free, ventricose, blackish, edge white; s. straight, thinner upwards, tinged reddish; sp. 13-14 long.
  17. **** Pileus dry, with a dark marginal zone.
  18. subbalteatus, B. and Br. Caespitose. P. 3-5 cm. convex, hygr. fawn-colour, rugose when dry; g. adnate, edge white, serrulate; s. 4-6 cm. red-brown, fibrous, white-fibrillose; sp. 14-15 × 8-9.
  19. acuminatus, Fr. P. conico-campan. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, glabrous, shining, pinkish-buff, with a dark line near the edge; g. adnexed, very broad, whitish then grey, finally dusky bistre; s. 2-3 cm. slender, fistulose, whitish, shining, base brownish, thickened, white and downy; sp. 18 long.
  20. [guttulatus, Bres. P. convexo-exp. often subumb. edge involute then spreading, black, then disc tawny, at first with grey bloom; g. colour of p. edge white pruinose then fringed with drops; s. equal, fistulose, tinged fuscous then greyish-scurfy; sp. 10 × 4.
  21. fimicola, Fr. P. 2 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, grey then yellowish; g. adnate, broad; s. 5-9 cm. pallid, with white meal upwards; sp. 16 × 8-10.
  22. var. cinctulus, Bolton. P. reddish-cinnamon; s. dingy brown.
  23. [hypomelas, Batt. P. exp. rufous-tomentose, disc blackish; g. crowded, intensely black; s. stuffed, narrowed downwards, greyish-white.
  24. [gomphodes, Batt. P. campan.-convex, gibbous, dusky rufous, pannose when dry; g. free, blackish; s. stout, rigid, ascending, flocculose, rufescent, veil arachnoid.
  25. [Larchenfeldii, Schulz. P. subgl. silvery, silky shining, subumbil. deeply sulcate, edge grey, wavy; g. irreg. plicate; s. hollow, with brown fibrils.

PSATHYRELLA, Fr.

  1. * Stem straight, glabrous.
  2. subatrata, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, rufous-umber, paler when dry, edge striate; g. adnate, crowded; s. 8-10 cm. fistulose, white then pallid; sp. 12-15 × 6-8.
  3. gracilis, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. smoky or greyish then rosy, slightly striate only when moist; g. broadly adnate, edge rosy; s. 6-7 cm. fragile, straight, pallid; sp. 7 × 3.5. (12-14 × 6-8 Sacc.)
  4. Pileus tinged rose and rugulose when dry.
  5. [longicauda, Karst. P. convex, glabrous, pellucidly striate to umbo, smoky yellow, hygr.; g. adnate, crowded, blackish purple, edge white; s. fistulose, equal, subglabrous, apex white-mealy, remarkably rooting; sp. 13-16 × 7-9.
  6. Differs from P. gracilis in larger sp., white edge to g., and rooting stem.
  7. [squamifera, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, pellucidly striate to middle, rugulose, livid fuscous, pale tan when dry, with scattered, white fibrillose scales; g. adnate, entirely grey then fuscescent; s. equal, silky, apex pruinoso-flocculose then almost glabrous, pallid, base oblique, strigosely rooting; sp. 11-13 × 6.
  8. Differs from P. gracilis in silky s., gills all one colour, &c.
  9. [impatiens, Fr. P. thin, campan. obtuse, livid yellow, furcato-sulcate; g. adnate; s. straight, weak, white; sp. 12-15 × 6-8.
  10. [biformis, Schulz. P. conic, even, glabrous, white then tinged flesh-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed, ventricose; s. filiform, glabrous, even, whitish; sp. 11-14 × 6.
  11. hiascens, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. brownish, fisso-sulcate; g. adnato-linear; s. 3-4 cm. straight, glabrous, white; sp. 7 × 3.5. (10-12 × 7-10 Sacc.)
  12. [gracilipes, Pat. P. persistently campan. sulcate up to disc, reddish-brown; g. nearly free, broad, blackish, subdeliquescent; s. slender, tall, rigid, hollow, whitish, ring median, very distinct, fugacious; sp. 8 × 4.
  13. arata, B. P. 2-3 cm. campan.-conic, rather acute, brown then paler, coarsely sulcate; g. free; s. 8-12 cm. white; sp. ——.
  14. trepida, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, fragile, densely and finely striate, dusky; g. ventricose, crowded; s. 6-7 cm. pellucid, hyaline; sp. 12 diam.
  15. hydrophora, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then exp. and striate, edge revolute, disc rufous; g. adnate, crowded, narrow; s. 5-7 cm. straight from a curved base, white, beaded with drops of water; sp. 11-18 × 7-8.
  16. [graveolens, Sacc. Smell strong. P. convex, exp. obtusely umb. blackish fuscous, silky-atomate; g. rather crowded, broadish, black; s. slender, cylindrical, glabrous, fuscous; sp. 5-6 × 2.
  17. [ampelina, Foex and Viala. P. conical then exp. almost smooth, pale brown, thin, slightly pilose; g. crowded, narrow, rosy violet then greyish brown; s. white, shining, springing from a copious creeping mycelium; sp. 4-5 long.
  18. ** Stem more or less flexuous, apex mealy.
  19. caudata, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. conico-campan. striate, hygr. dry, disc even, pinkish tan; g. adnate, very broad; s. 7-11 cm. slightly narrowed to rooting base, whitish; sp. 12-15 × 6-9.
  20. [circellatipes, Ben. Caespitose, hygr. P. conico-campan. pilose then glabrous, rufous-brown then tawny ochre, at last pale ochre; g. blackish, edge white, denticulate; s. long, white or pallid, apex mealy, base with several delicate, narrow, tawny ochre rings; sp. 13-15 × 8-9.
  21. [sulcata, Dun. P. campan. umb. bay then blackish; g. broad, subliquescent; s. stuffed, equal.
  22. [asperella, Q. P. cinnamon, apex darker, becoming pale, whitish and transparent, squamulose when young; g. distant, narrowed at both ends, whitish then powdered with the black spores; s. short, thick, cylindrical then elongated, wavy, white, base often swollen; sp. 6-9 × 4.
  23. prona, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. striate, hygr. smoky, opaque and silky-atomate when dry; g. adnate, grey then dusky-violet, edge often rosy; s. 2-3 cm. equal, flexuous, whitish; sp. 10 × 4-5. (12-18 × 8-9 Sacc.)
  24. empyreumatica, B. and Br. Strong scented. P. 2-3 cm. exp. hygr. rufous then pale and atomate; g. adnate, broad, connected by veins, edge pale; s. 4-6 cm. silkily-scurfy, pale; sp. ——.
  25. Closely resembling Pholiota confragosa.
  26. [infida, Q. P. conical, 1 cm. very thin, floccosely downy, greyish bistre; g. adnate, triangular, distant, creamy then flesh-colour, finally bay with a white edge; s. fistulose, filiform, wavy, somewhat pruinose, pinkish bistre; sp. 12 long.
  27. atomata, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, slightly striate, hygr., rugulose, atomate, pale ochre, whitish, or tinged rose when dry; g. adnate, broad; s. 4-5 cm. slightly flexuous, white, apex scurfy; sp. 10 × 4. (13-15 × 5-8 Sacc.)
  28. Differs from P. gracile in flexuous and scurfy s. and not rose-edged gills.
  29. var. expolita, Fr. Smaller. P. conical, edge striate; s. undulating, glabrous; sp. 12-14 × 6.
  30. [subatomata, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, fragile, deeply striate, hygr. rugose when dry, grey or livid, centre more or less bay, tinged rosy when dry; g. adnexed, ventricose, greyish then black, edge rosy; hyaline, pallid, white when dry, apex pruinose, base fibrously rooting; sp. 10-14 × 5-7.
  31. [subrosea, Karst. P. campan.-convex, obtuse, entirely striate, naked, livid fuscous, rosy in dry weather; g. adnate, segmentoid, grey, edge rosy; s. wavy, naked, whitish; sp. 10-13 × 5-6.
  32. [expolita, Fr. Small. P. conical, edge striate, and with the wavy stem, glabrous; g. not crowded, greyish-brown; s. 12-14 × 6.
  33. crenata, Lasch. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. sulcate, edge crenate, yellowish and atomate when dry; g. adnate; s. 3-5 cm. whitish, striate and mealy upwards; sp. 11-13 × 5-6.
  34. disseminata, Pers. Densely tufted. P. 1-1.5 cm. ovate-campan. furfuraceous then naked, sulcate, yellowish then grey; g. adnate; s. 2-3 cm. lax, scurfy then glabrous; sp. 6-10 × 3-5.
  35. [consimilis, Bres. and Henn. P. conico-campan. exp. hyaline yellowish at first then centre yellowish, edge greyish-fuscous, striate, glabrous; g. rotundato-adnate, white then flesh-colour, then blackish-brown, edge white fimbriate; s. hyaline white, fibrillose then almost glabrous; sp. 6-7 × 3.5-4, cystidia fusoideo-ventricose.
  36. [subtilis, Fr. P. campan. obtuse, almost glabrous, hygr. pellucidly striate when moist, ochre then pale; g. adnate, edge whitish; s. filiform, lax, glabrous; sp. 12-16 × 5-8.
  37. With a scurfy veil when young?

PSATHYRA, Fr.