[Footnote 1: See p. 34, note 1.]
[Footnote 2: moros = 'Moors.' The Arabs who conquered Mauritania in the Seventh century converted the native race to Mohammedanism, and it was this mixed population that entered Spain by Gibraltar in 71. There they remained in almost constant warfare with the Christians until they were finally defeated at Granada by the armies of Ferdinand and Isabella and driven from Spain in 1492. Toledo was entered by the Christians under Alfonso VI in 1085. From this time on Christian arms began to prevail in the peninsula.]
[Footnote 3: Toledo. See p. 50, note 2.]
[Footnote 4: puerta de Visagra. The gate referred to here is the Puerta Visagra Antigua, an ancient Arab gate of the ninth century, a little to the west of the Puerta Visagra Actual, which latter was not built until 1550. The old Puerta Visagra is now blocked up. It was through this gateway that Alfonso VI entered Toledo. "The work is entirely Moorish, of the first period, heavy and simple, with the triple arches so delightfully curved in horseshoe shape, and the upper crenelated apertures." H. Lynch, Toledo, London, 1903, p. 297. Its name is probably from the Arabic, either from Bâb Shaqrâ (red gate) or Bâb Sharâ (field-gate).]
[Footnote 5: la del Cambrón. The Puerta del Cambrón is one of the three open gateways in the outer walls of Toledo to-day. "Entering the city by the Bridge of San Martín, you front the gate of the Cambrón, so called from the brambles that grew about that small, charming, pinnacled edifice, which was built upon the spot of Wamba's old gate in Alfonso VI's time, and was then completely Moorish in style. In 1576 it was restored and took on its present half renaissance, half classical aspect." Ib., p. 295.]
[Footnote 6: Puente de San Martín. "The imposing Puente de San Martín, which spans the Tagus to the west of the town, was built in 1212 and renewed in 1390. It consists of five arches, that in the center being about 100 ft. in height Each end is guarded by a gate-tower.... The gorge of the Tagus here is very imposing." Baedeker, Spain and Portugal (1901), p. 150.]
El tiempo que faltaba para emprender el camino de la frontera y concluir de ordenar las huestes reales, discurría en medio de fiestas públicas, lujosos convites y lucidos torneos, hasta que, llegada al fin la víspera del día señalado de antemano por S.A.[1] para la salida del éjercito, se dispuso un postrer sarao, con el que debieran terminar los regocijos.
[Footnote 1: S. A. Abbreviation for Su Alteza, 'His Highness,' a title given to the kings of Spain down to the Austrian dynasty, and now applied to princes and regents.]
La noche del sarao, el alcázar[1] de los reyes ofrecía un aspecto singular. En los anchurosos patios, alrededor de inmensas hogueras, y diseminados sin orden ni concierto, se veía una abigarrada multitud de pajes, soldados, ballesteros y gente menuda, quienes, éstos aderezando sus corceles y sus armas y disponiendolos para el combate; aquéllos saludando con gritos ó blasfemias las inesperadas vueltas de la fortuna, personificada en los dados del cubilete, los otros repitiendo en coro el refrán de un romance de guerra, que entonaba un juglar acompañado de la guzla; los de más allá comprando á un romero conchas,[2] cruces y cintas tocadas en el sepulcro de Santiago,[3] ó riendo con locas carcajadas de los chistes de un bufón, ó ensayando en los clarines el aire bélico para entrar en la pelea, propio de sus señores, ó refiriendo antiguas historias de caballerías ó aventuras de amor, ó milagros recientemente acaecidos, formaban un infernal y atronador conjunto imposible de pintar con palabras.
[Footnote 1: el alcázar. The Alcazar (Arab, al qaçr, 'the castle') "stands on the highest ground in Toledo. The site was originally occupied by a Roman 'castellum' which the Visigoths also used as a citadel. After the capture of the city by Alfonso VI the Cid resided here as 'Alcaide.' Ferdinand the Saint and Alfonso the Learned converted the castle into a palace, which was afterwards enlarged and strengthened by John II, Ferdinand and Isabella, Charles V, and Philip II." (Baedeker, 1901, p. 152) It has been burned and restored several times. The magnificent staircase is due to Charles V, whose name the Alcazar sometimes bears.]