The Outline of History: Being a Plain History of Life and Mankind

by H. G. Wells

[590], [625]
Mithridates (mith ri dā’ tēz), i, [504], [505], ii, [609]
Mo Ti, i, [582]
Moa, i, [207]
Moab (and Moabites), i, [283], [294], ii, [244]
Moawija.
(See Muawija)
Modestov, i, [446]
Moerbeke (moor’ bā kĕ), William of, ii, [168]
Mœsia, i, [564], ii, [71], [609]
Mogul, Great, ii, [471], [620]
Mogul dynasty, ii, [133], [618]
Mohammed.
(See Muhammad)
Mokanna, ii, [31]
Moloch, i, [288]
Moltke, Count, ii, [481]
Moluccas, ii, [187]
Mommsen, i, [454], [464], [480], [483], [500]
Monarchy, i, [263], [357], ii, [143], [211], [215], [216-17], [230], [236], [248], [251], [307], [339], [372]
Monasteries (and monasticism), i, [609] sqq., ii, [50], [106], [150]
Monastir (mō nas tēr’), ii, [522]
Money, i, [219], [220], [265], [445], [457], [496], [629-30], ii, [344-45].
(See also Currency)
Mongolia, i, [541], [543], [640], ii, [110-20], [261-62]
Mongolian languages, i, [156], [162];
races and peoples, i, [100], [141-49], [158], [160], [174], [205], [299], [316], [387], [388], [507], [508], [543-51], [606], ii, [121-22], [139], [142], [247], [261], [262], [464]
Mongoloid tribes, i, [207], ii, [189]
Mongols, i, [541], [545], [551], [558], ii, [083], [106] sqq.,[114], [122], [127], [128], [129], [130], [140], [142], [143], [168], [184], [193], [261], [268], [616], [617]
Monitors, i, [46]
Monkeys, i, [56], [57], [65], [67]
Monks.
(See Monasteries)
Monmouth, cruiser, ii, [520]
Monosyllabic language, i, [157]
Monotheism, ii, [15]
Monroe, President, ii, [378], [444]
Monroe Doctrine, ii, [444], [458], [505]
Mons, ii, [514]
Monte Cassino, i, [611], [612]
Montefiore, C. G., i, [586]
Montelius, i, [104]
Montesquieu, ii, [309]
Montezuma (mon tē zoo’ mă), ii, [190]
Montfort, Simon de, ii, [219]
Montreal, ii, [254]
Montserrat, ii, [165]
Moon, i, [6], [128], [129]
Moorish buffoon, i, [558]
Moorish paper, ii, [159]
Moors, i, [490], [565], ii, [193]
Moose, i, [70]
Moral ideas, i, [296]
Moravia, i, [554]
More, Sir Thomas, ii, [211], [394]
Moreau, General, ii, [355], [374], [622]
Morelly, ii, [309]
Morgan, W., i, [587]
Morley, Lord, ii, [427]
Morning Post, ii, [405]
Mornington, Lord, ii, [453]
Morocco, i, [217], [565], ii, [142], [461], [470], [484], [500]
Morris, William, ii, [311]
Mortar, pebble, i, [90]
Morte d’Arthur, i, [175]
Mortillet, de, i, [96]
Mosasaurs (mō’ să sawrz), i, [41], [45]
Moscow, ii, [129], [134], [242], [366], [622]
Moscow, Grand Duke of, ii, [129], [617]
Moscow, Tsar of, ii, [259]
Moses, i, [196], [200], [209], [244], [279], [293], [626]
Moslem schools, ii, [137];
universities, ii, [36];
year, ii, [8]
Moslems, the, ii, [19-29], [034], [064], [070], [074], [080-84], [094], [108], [113], [128], [136], [140], [159], [453], [613], [615];
in Europe, ii, [28-32], [041], [047], [051], [057], [067], [088], [186], [242], [613], [615].
(See also Crusades and Islam)
Mosses, i, [24], [27]
Mosso, i, [210]
Most, ii, [152]
Mosul, ii, [78], [132]
Motley, ii, [230], [232]
Mounds, i, [109], [117], [125]
Mountains (and mountaineering), i, [5], [35], [36], [52]
Mousterian Age (and implements), i, [60], [78], [81], [87], [97]
Muawija (moo ă wē’ yă), ii, [24-28], [613]
Mudfish, i, [26], [55]
Muehlon, Herr, ii, [551]
Muhammad (mu hăm’ ăd), prophet, i, [296], [573], [583], [624], [634], [642], ii, [1], [126], [136], [149];
life of, ii, [4] sqq., [26-27];
teaching of, ii, [13-16], [29]
Muhammad II, sultan, ii, [124], [197], [617]
Muhammad-Ibn-Musa, ii, [37]
Muhammadan communistic movement, ii, [157]
Muhammadanism, ii, [29], [42], [135].
(See also Islam and Muhammad)
Mulberry tree, i, [530]
Mules, i, [140]
Mülhausen (mul’ hou zen), ii, [347]
Müller, Max, i, [235]
Mummies, i, [147]
Mummius, i, [483]
Munich (mū’ nik), ii, [180]
Münster (mun’ ster), ii, [156], [157], [503], [618]
Münster, Bishop of, ii, [156]
Munzuk, i, [559]
Murad I, ii, [124]
Murat (mu rä’), ii, [367]
Murray, John, ii, [263]
Murzuk, i, [118]
Muscovites, ii, [244]
Muscovy, empire of, ii, [242]
Musical instruments, i, [115]
Musk ox, i, [58], [64], [76], [101]
Muskets, ii, [234]
Mycale (mik’ ă lē), i, [340], [343], ii, [607]
Mycenæ (mī sē’ nē), i, [106], [303], [315], [317]
Mycenean (mī sē nē’ ān) architecture, i, [448]
Mycerinus (mis ũ rī’ nŭs), i, [198]
Mylæ, i, [470], ii, [608]
Myos-hormos, i, [533]
Myres, J. L., i, [228]
Myriapods (mir’ i ă podz), i, [28]
Myrina (mi rī’ nă), i, [450]
Myron, i, [346]
Myrtalis (mũr’ tă lis), i, [376]
Mysteries, religious, i, [373]
Myth-making, i, [129]
Mythology, i, [130], [361]
N
Nabatean Kings, i, [622]
Nabonidus (năb ō nī’ dŭs), i, [247-50], [255], [278], [288], [292], [320], [326], [385], [416], [483]
Nadir Shah (nä’ dēr shä’), ii, [257], [620]
Nagasaki (nä gă sä’ kē), ii, [465]
Nalanda, i, [645]
Nanking, i, [642], ii, [108], [615]
Naples, i, [451], [510], [611], ii, [88], [98], [180], [211], [347], [378], [441], [612]
Napoleon I, ii, [89], [210], [327], [332], [339], [348-82], [384], [386], [453], [621], [622];
III, i, [565], ii, [436], [438-45], [448], [623]
Narbonne, ii, [180]
Naseby, ii, [223]
Nasmyth, ii, [388]
Natal, ii, [460]
Nathan, i, [287]
“National Schools,” ii, [396]
Nationalism, ii, [431-36], [439], [448], [498-500]
Nationalization, ii, [412]
Natural History Museum, i, [50]
Natural rights, ii, [156]; selection, i, [18]
Nautilus, Pearly, i, [47]
Naval tactics, Roman, i, [469-71]
Navarino (năv ă rē’ nō), battle of, ii, [382], [622]
Navigation, early, i, [170], [209-18]
Nazarenes, i, [587-91]
Neanderthal (nā ăn’ der täl) man, i, [60], [71-87], [091], [092], [097], [108], [123], [124], [489], [496]
Nebuchadnezzar (neb ū kăd nez’ ăr) (the Great) II, i, [194], [200], [217], [277], [290], [291], [319], [380], [385], ii, [607]
Nebulæ, i, [3]
Necho (nē’ kō), Pharaoh, i, [200], [218], [291], [401], [509], [532], ii, [185], [607]
Necker, ii, [318]
Needles, bone, i, [90], [96-97]
Negritos, ii, [465]
Negroes, i, [63], [68], [141], [146], [197], [206], [533], ii, [193], [284-85], [305], [306]
Negroid race, i, [88], [139-40], [145], [148], [160], [189], [195]
Nehemiah, i, [294]
Nelson, Horatio, ii, [352], [361-62]
Neohipparion, i, [58]
Neolithic Age, i, [75], [97-110], [112-16], [152-54], [158-62], [169] sqq., [196-97];
agriculture, i, [113-17], [130], [189], [254], [317];
civilization and culture, i, [104-16], [124-25], [129-34], [145-49], [151-53], [171-76], [181-88], [195], [197], [201-03], [206-08], [209-13];
man, [100-06], [126-30], [131-35], [140], [145], [158-60], [167-72], [223], [273-74], ii, [301]
Neo-platonism, i, [592], ii, [169]
Nepal (nē pawl’), i, [416], [640], [643], ii, [262]
Nephthys (nef’ this), i, [249]
Neptune, planet, i, [4]
Nero, i, [525-26], [589], [610], ii, [609]
Nerva, i, [526], ii, [610]
Nestorian Christians, i, [604], [617], [627], [634], [647], ii, [35], [106], [117-19], [611], [612]
Netherlands, the, ii, [200], [207], [217], [228-33], [238], [253], [380], [381].
(See also Dutch Republic and Holland)
Nets, flax, i, [114]
Neustadt (noi’ stăt), ii, [180]
Neustria, ii, [46], [47], [48], [613]
Neva, river, ii, [242]
New Amsterdam, ii, [253], [282-83]
Newark, ii, [430]
New England, i, [59], [143], ii, [185], [253], [281-84]
Newfoundland, ii, [254], [471]
New Guinea, i, [139], [141], [162]
New Habsburg, ii, [199], [616]
New Hampshire, ii, [281], [290]
New Harmony (U. S. A.), ii, [405]
New Jersey, ii, [283], [290], [298], [543-44]
New Lanark, ii, [404-06]
Newmarket, ii, [226]
New Mexico, ii, [505]
New Orleans, ii, [254]
New Plymouth, ii, [281]
Newton, Sir Isaac, i, [408], [534], ii, [176], [620]
Newts, i, [26]
New Year, festival of, i, [240]
New York, i, [495], ii, [180], [253], [283], [290], [292], [301], [387], [621]
New Zealand, i, [207], ii, [457], [471-72]
Niarchus, i, [375]
Nibelungenlied (nē’ bĕ lung en lēt), i, [177]
Nicæa (nī sē’ ă), i, [600-01], ii, [72], [78], [79], [611]
Nice, Province of, ii, [440]
Nicene (nī’ sēn) Creed, i, [601], ii, [60], [611]
Nicephorus (nī sef’ ō rŭs), ii, [58], [614]
Nicholas I, tsar, ii, [377], [382], [405], [440], [622];
II, ii, [476], [477]
Nicholas of Myra, i, [600]
Nicholson, Gen. John, ii, [455]
Nickel, i, [4], ii, [389]
Nicomedes (nik ō mē’ dēz), King of Bithynia, i,

[500]
Nicomedia, i, [560], [595], [600]
Niemen (nē’ men), ii, [362]
Nietzsche (nē’ chĕ), ii, [481]
Nieuw Amsterdam.
(See New Amsterdam)
Niger, river, i, [565]
Nile, the, i, [119], [121], [137], [158], [200], [206], [210], [211], [274], [304], [359], [533], ii, [142], [460];
battle of, ii, [352], [621];
delta, i, [197], [218], [238];
valley, [195], [273], ii, [605], [612]
Nineveh (nin’ ĕ vĕ), i, [192-96], [200], [246], [292], [319], [384], [616], [619], [622], [624], ii, [130], [607]
Nippur (nip poor’), i, [133], [184-85], [190], [196], [274], ii, [130]
Nirvana (nir vä’ nä), i, [423], [425], [431]
Nish, i, [528], [553], [558], [599], ii, [610]
Nisibin, i, [622]
Nitrate of silver, ii, [38]
Nitric acid, ii, [38]
Noah, i, [140]
Nobility, i, [258], [263]
Nogaret, Guillaume de, ii, [99], [616]
Nomadism (and Nomads), i, [105], [112], [137], [148], [177], [186-88], [206], [232-33], [387-88], [507-08], [545-52], [555], [627-28], [641], ii, [1], [105], [108-10], [128-30], [137-39], [143-45], [189]
Nominalism, ii, 169 sqq.
Nonconformity, ii, [168]
Nordic race, i, [146-154], [206], [298], [315], [368], [373], [387], [548], ii, [43], [66], [122], [144], [149], [168], [247], [262], [490]
Normandy (and the Normans), ii, [54], [66-67], [069], [072], [074], [076], [078], [150], [157], [178], [185], [320], [615];
dukedom of, ii, [62], [66]
Norse language, i, [168], ii, [54]
North, Lord, ii, [293]
Northmen, i, [539], ii, [53-54], [064], [066], [071], [149], [490]
North Pole, i, [31]
North Sea, the, i, [75], [539], ii, [66], [182], [185]
Northumberland, ii, [396]
Northumbria, kingdom of, ii, [40], [50]
Norway, i, [102], [605], ii, [51], [66], [97], [162], [206], [252], [380], [614]
Norwegian language, i, [168]
Norwich, ii, [154]
Norwood, i, [355]
Nottingham, ii, [222], [386]
Nova Scotia, ii, [185]
Novgorod (nov gō rod’), ii, [66], [129], [180], [182], [259], [614]
Noyes, J. H., ii, [403]
Nubia, i, [259]
Nubian wild ass, i, [217]
Numbers, Book of, i, [281]
Numbers, use of, i, [128]
Numerals, Arabic, i, [219], ii, [37], [88]
Numidia (and Numidians), i, [474], [479], [484], [502], [534]
Nuns, ii, [149]
Nuremberg, ii, [180];
Peace of, ii, [206]
Nürnberg (nurn’ berch), cruiser, ii, [520]
O
Oak, i, [59]
Oars, i, [211]
Obedience and will, ii, [140-43]
Obi (ō’ bē), river, i, [387], ii, [267]
Occam, ii, [171], [172], [174], [617]
Ocean, i, [5], [36]
Oceania, i, [206]
Octavian.
(See Augustus)
Odenathus (od ē nā’ thŭs), i, [617], ii, [3], [610]
Odin, ii, [49]
Odoacer (ō dō ā’ sĕr), ii, [58], [611]
Odysseus, i, [508]
Odyssey.
(See Homer)
Œcumenical councils, i, [601]
Offerings, i, [234]
Ogdal Khan, ii, [110], [113], [615]
Oglethorpe, ii, [282], [620]
Ohio (ō hī’ ō), i, [59], ii, [285]
Okakura, i, [641]
“Old Man” in religion, i, [125], [131-35], ii, [341]
Oligarchies, i, [307-10]
Oligocene (ol’ i gō sēn) period, i, [52], [53], [66], [67]
Olney, Mr., ii, [505], [562]
Olympiad, first, i, [314], ii, [606]
Olympian games, i, [314]
Olympias, i, [373], sqq., [387], [394], [402], [452]
Olympus, mount, i, [335]
Omani (ō mä’ ni) Arabs, i, [565]
Omar I, caliph, ii, [18-26], [083], [613]
Omayyads (ō mī’ yădz), ii, [24-36], [061], [064], [613]
Oneida community, ii, [403-04], [415]
O’Neil of Tyrone, i, [110]
Opossum, i, [56]
Oracles, i, [252], [305], [321-23]
Orange, house of, ii, [232]
Orange, Duke of, ii, [232]
Orange River, ii, [460]
Orang-outang, i, [63], [67]
Orbit of earth, i, [30-33], [57]
Orient, ship, ii, [352]
Orientation of temples, i, [238], [240]
Origen (or’ i jĕn), i, [592]
Orissa, i, [440]
Orlando, Signor, ii, [552], [556]
Orleans, i, [559], ii, [180], [400]
Ormonde, Duke of, ii, [271]
Ormuz, ii, [118]
Ormuzd (ôr’ mŭzd), i, [625], [626]
Ornaments, i, [114]
Ornithorhynchus (ôr nith ō ring’ kŭs), i, [54]
Orpheus (ôr’ fūs), i, [354], [538]
Orphic cult, i, [354], [373]
Orsini (ôr sē’ nē) family, ii, [99]
Orthodox Church.
(See Greek Church)
Osborn, Prof. H. F., i, [7], [13], [50], [59], [63], [86], [96], [100], [534]
Osiris (ō sīr’ is), i, [249], [412], [413], [590]
Osman, House of, ii, [123]
Ostia, i, [497]
Ostracism, i, [312]
Ostrogoths, i, [550], [553], [606], ii, [66], [612]
Othman, ii, [24], [26], [613]
Otho, Emperor, i, [526], ii, [609]
Otis, James, ii, [287]
Otranto, ii, [126]
Otters, i, [38], [69]
Otto I, ii, [63], [68], [70], [97], [614]
Otto II, ii, [63], [614]
Otto III, ii, [63], [614]
Otto of Bavaria, ii, [382]
Ottoman Empire, ii, [121-25], [131], [132], [136], [139], [184], [617].
(See also Turkey and Turks)
Oudh (oud), ii, [256], [258], [453]
Oundle School, ii, [429]
Ovid, i, [13]
Owen, Robert, ii, [404-09], [623]
Ownership, ii, [341]
Ox, great, i, [101]
Ox-carts, i, [282]
Oxen, i, [112], [170], [178], [217]
Oxford, i, [530], ii, [37], [96], [153], [168], [171], [172], [180], [222], [264], [271], [288], [317], [427-30], [437], [486]
Oxide of iron, i, [9]
Oxus, i, [629]
Oxydactylus (ok si dăk’ ti lŭs), i, [58]
Oxygen (ok’ si jĕn), i, [23]
P
Pacific Ocean, i, [47], [82], [148], [206], [273], ii, [110], [142], [187], [189], [261], [484]
Paddling in navigation, i, [211]
Padua, i, [559]
Paine, Tom, ii, [293], [303]
Painted pebbles, i, [94], [101]
Painting, Palæolithic, i, [93], [94], [95]
Paionia, i, [339]
Palæoanthropus Heidelbergensis (păl ē ō ăn thrō’ pŭs hī’ del bũrg en’ sis), i, [57], [69-73], [84]
Palæolithic age, i, [25-27], [034], [056-60], [075-85], [091], [96-100], [108], [158], [171], [197];
art, i, [92-100], [123], [129];
implements, i, [76], [80], [104], [105], [107], [137];
man, i, [82-85], [96-97], [102-06], [115-17], [128-30], [134-35], [137-38], [145], [148-52], [162], [169], [206], [223], [233], [273], [354], [408], ii, [142], [189], [341]
Palæologus (păl ē ol’ ō gŭs), Michael (Michael VIII), ii, [98];
Zoe, ii, [129]
Palæopithecus (păl ē ō pi thē’ kŭs), i, [67]
Palæozoic (păl ē ō zō’ ik) period, i, [9-15], [025], [027], [028], [029], [039], [049], [55]
Palais Royal, ii, [315]
Palawan (pă lä’ wăn), ii, [507]
Palermo (pă ler’ mō), i, [470]
Palestine, i, [184], [261], [278], [280], [289], [447], [569], ii, [2], [71], [74], [80], [94], [106], [114], [118], [132], [483], [616]
Pali (pä’ lē) language, i, [417]
Palmerston, Lord, ii, [438]
Palms, Cainozoic, i, [51]
Palmyra (pă mī’ ră), i, [617], [621] sqq., ii, [3], [610]
Palos (pä’ lōs), ii, [186]
Pamir (pā mēr’) Plateau, i, [387]
Pamirs, i, [643], ii, [24], [109], [118], [128], [184]
Pampeluna (păm pĕ loo’ nă), ii, [164], [618]
Pamphylia (păm fil’ i ă), ii, [79]
Panama Canal, ii, [507]
Panama, Isthmus of, ii, [187], [190]
Pan-American Conferences, ii, [447], [505]
Pan Chau, i, [549], ii, [610]
Pan-German movement, ii, [483]
Panipat (pä’ nē pŭt), ii, [133], [618]
Pannonia (pă nō’ ni ă), i, [553-54], [606], ii, [609]
Panther in Europe, i, [318]
Papacy (incl. popes), policy of, ii, [90];
outline of, ii, [96];
and the Great War, ii, [167];
and world dominion, ii, [252];
miscellaneous, i, [603-05], [612], ii, [41], [047], [56] sqq., [67], [72], [80] sqq., [92], [95], [99], [114] sq., [124] sqq., [147] sq., [161], [166-67], [188], [203], [246], [400], [618].
(See also Rome, Church of)
Papal Schism, ii, [99-100], [127], [151], [617]
Paper, introduction and use of, i, [198], [408], ii, [38], [121], [158] sq., [194]
Papua (pä’ pu ă), type of mankind in, i, [139]
Papuan speech, i, [162]
Papyrus (pă pī’ rŭs), i, [198], [408], ii, [38]
Parchment, ii, [38]
Parchment promissory notes, ii, [89]
Pariahs, i, [269]
Paris, Peace of, ii, [286], [621]; during the Revolution, ii, 313 sqq.;
Napoleon in, ii, [348], [360], [368], [371];
capitulation of, ii, [368];
rising against Charles X, ii, [378-79];
revolution of 1848, ii, [400-01];
siege of, ii, [446];
Zeppelin raids on, ii, [519];
Peace Conference at, ii, [543-58], [560-66];
miscellaneous, ii, [180], [294], [356], [398], [621]
Paris, University of, ii, [37], [166] sq., [173], [271]
Parisian artificers, ii, [114]
Parker, E. H., i, [541], [542]
Parkyn, i, [63], [96]
Parliament, government by, ii, [194];
English, ii, [219-28], [248], [259], [287] sq., [492] sq., [622];
Polish, ii, [251]
Parliamentary Monarchy in Europe, ii, [243]
Parma, ii, [88]
Parmenio (pär mē’ ni ō), i, [375], [391]
Parricide, i, [637]
Parsees, i, [625], ii, [137]
Parthenon (pär’ th

ĕ non), i, [346]
Parthia (and Parthians), i, [388] sq., [396], [506] sqq., [523], [526], [540], [543] sq., [616], [621] sq., ii, [609]
Paschal II, ii, [615]
Passau (päs’ ou), Treaty of, ii, [207], [618]
Passover, Feast of the, i, [586] sq.
Passy (pă sē’), ii, [319]
Pasteur (păs tũr’), i, [408]
Pastor, L. v., ii, [127]
Patriarchal groups, i, [110]
Patricians, Roman, i, [454-63]
Patrick, St., ii, [50]
Patriotism, i, [310], [460], ii, [246]
Patroclus (pă trō’ klŭs), i, [177]
Pattison, Prof. Pringle, ii, [172]
Patzinaks, ii, [71]
Paul, St., i, [395], [462], [491], [583], [586] sqq., ii, [418]
Paul, Tsar of Russia, ii, [620]
Paulicians, i, [603]
Pauline epistles, i, [588] sq.
Pauline mysteries, i, [591]
Pavia (pă vē’ ă), ii, [204]
Payne, E. S., i, [158]
Peace, universal, i, [296-97], ii, [90]
Peace Conference.
(See Paris)
Peas, as food, i, [113]
Peasant revolts, ii, [154] sq., [203], [271], [397-98], [617]
Peasants, i, [151], [257]
Pecunia, i, [219]
Pecus, i, [219]
Pedantry, advent of, i, [409]
Peel, Lord, ii, [567]
Peel, Sir Robert, ii, [428]
Peep-o’-Day Boys, ii, [492]
Peers, Council of, ii, [221]
Peet, i, [446]
Pegu (pē goo’), ii, [119]
Peisistratidæ (pī sis trä’ ti dē), i, [314]
Peisistratus (pī sis’ tră tŭs), i, [308], [332], [337], [354], [457], ii, [607]
Peisker, T., i, [105]
Pekinese language, i, [157]
Peking, i, [240], [642], ii, [108], [109], [117] sq., [134], [242], [261], [463], [615]
Pelham, i, [454]
Pella (pel’ ă), i, [373]
Peloponnesian War, i, [306], [343], ii, [607]
Pelycosaurs (pel’ i kō sawrz), i, [27]
Penck, Albrecht, i, [59], [70]
Pendulum, invention of, ii, [37]
Penelope, i, [179]
Penn, William, ii, [282]
Pennsylvania, ii, [282], [283], [290], [297] sq., [304]
Pennsylvania, University of, i, [184]
Pentateuch, i, [278] sqq., [293]
Pepi, i, [199], [401], ii, [211]
Pepin (pep’ in), I, ii, [47], [48], [51], [69], [613];
son of Charlemagne, ii, [57];
of Heristhal, ii, [47], [613]
Pepys, Samuel, ii, [226]
Perdiccas (pũr dik’ ăs), i, [370]
Pergamum (pũr’ gă mŭm), i, [395-96],
[499] sq., [507], ii, [609]
Pericles (per’ i klēz), i, [309], [342] sqq.,[364], [460], [528] sq., ii, [153], [182], [184], [607];
Age of, i, [355] sq., [364]
Perihelion, i, [30] sqq., [57]
Peripatetic school, i, [402]
Periplus of Hanno, i, [217], [241]
Perkins, ii, [478]
Permian rocks, i, [29]
Perry, Commodore, ii, [466], [623]
Perry, Mr., i, [172]
Persepolis (pũr sep’ ō lis), i, [364], [385], ii, [18]
Persia (and the Persians), i, [109], [139], [169], [182], [218], [247], [248], [291-92], [299], [317], [372], [377], [389], [394-95], [452], [507], [510], [533], [538], [542], [543], [551], [622], [623], [627-28], [634-37], ii, [2], [3], [17-21], [067], [071], [105], [109], [113-19], [128], [139], [157], [179], [257], [268], [610];
history (rise of) i, [194], [198-200], [206], [247], [260], [308], [311-15], [318-23];
(Empire) i, [523], ii, [607], (war with Greece) i, [327] sqq., (war with Alexander) i, [379-80], [383-89], ii, [608], (Sassanid Empire) i, [528], [616-18], [625], ii, [31], [610], (Islam and Persia) ii, [20-31], [64], (Mongol Empire) ii, [113], [130-34];
religion of, i, [412-13], [597], [604], [617-18], [624-27], [634], ii, [136]
Persian Gulf, i, [160], [186], [190], [210], [387], ii, [118]
Persian language, i, [151], [169], [189], [194], ii, [136], [138]
Peru, i, [147], [203], [207-08], ii, [189-90], [192], [465], [618]
Peshawar (pĕ shawr’), i, [428], [643]
Pessinus (pes’ i nŭs), i, [483]
Pestilence, i, [101], [528], [542], [607], [612], [616], [619], [632], ii, [41], [46], [57], [76], [153-54], [384], 617 sqq.
Peter, St., i, [114], [585], ii, [57], [99];
the Great, ii, [243] sq., [259], [440], [620];
the Hermit, ii, [75] sq.
Peterhof, ii, [242]
Petition of Right, ii, [220]
Petra (pē’ tră), ii, [2]
Petrie, Flinders, i, [143], [197], [213], [552]
Petrograd, i, [630], ii, [242], [525] sq., [568]
Petronius (pĕ trō’ ni ŭs), i, [530]
Petschenegs, ii, [71] sq.
Phalanx, i, [370] sq., [453]
Phanerogams, i, [26]
Pharaohs, the, i, [199], [214], [248] sq., [256] sqq., [279], [388], [401] sq., [509], [532]
Pharisees, i, [572], [578-79]
Pharsalos (fär sā’ lŏs), battle of, i, [511], [512], ii, [609]
Pheidippides (fī dip’ i dēz), i, [332]
Phidias (fid’ i ăs), i, [346] sq.
Philadelphia (ancient), i, [621], ii, [79];
U.S.A., ii, [282], [290] sq., [300], [387], [621]
Philip, of Hesse, ii, [206]
Philip of Macedon, i, [343], [358], [367] sqq., [390] sq., [397], [401-02], [434], [561], ii, [607]
Philip, King of France, ii, [99]
Philip II, King of Spain, ii, [207], [229] sq., [233], [242], [292], [376]
Philip, Duke of Orleans, ii, [315], [337], [379]
Philippine Islands, ii, [187], [451], [465], [506]
Philistia (and Philistines), i, [196], [245], [282] sqq., [447]
Phillimore, Sir Walter, ii, [543]
Phillips, W. A., ii, [373], [377]
Philo (fī’ lō), the Jew, i, [410]
Philonism, i, [592]
Philosophers, at court of Frederick II, ii, [88]
Philosophy, primitive, i, [122-23];
Greek, i, [357-60], [410];
medicinal, ii, 168 sqq.;
experimental, ii, [176]
Philotas (fi lō’ tăs), i, [375], [391]
Phinehas, i, [284]
Phocians (fō’ shi ănz), i, [372]
Phocis (fō’ sis), i, [378]
Phœnicia (fē nish’ ă), and Phœnicians, i, [212] sqq., [223], [234], [273], [279] sq., [287], [290] sqq., [331], [337], [380], [395], [401], [570], [640], ii, [1];
language and script, i, [153], [228];
colonies, i, [303], [447]
Phœnix, i, [177]
Phœnix, steamship, ii, [387]
Phonetic spelling, i, [639]
Phonograms, i, [225] sq.
Phrygia (frij’ i ă), and Phrygians, i, [303], [315], [388], [395], [448], ii, [121]
Phrygian mysteries, i, [477]
Phrygius, i, [375]
Physics, ii, [37]
Physiocrats, ii, [309]
Piacenza (pyä chen’ tsă), ii, [74]
Pictographs, i, 224 sqq.
Picts, i, [532]
Picture writing, i, [197], [207], [224-28]
Piedmont, ii, [332]
Pig, i, [56], [224];
unclean to Moslems, ii, [454]
Pigtails, Chinese, ii, [128], [261], [464]
Pilate, Pontius, i, [585]
Pile dwellings, i, [106], [171], [186].
(See also Lake dwellings)
Pilgrim Fathers, ii, [305]
Pilgrims, i, [221], ii, [67], [75]
Pillnitz, ii, [327]
Piltdown skull, i, [60], 70 sqq.
Pindar (pin’ dăr), i, [378]
Pins, bone, i, [114]
Piracy, ii, [182]
Pirsson, L. V., i, [50]
Pisa, ii, [176], [180]
Pithecanthropus (pith e kăn thrō’ pŭs) erectus, i, [60], 65 sqq.
Pitt, William, 1st Earl of Chatham, ii, [289], [332], [359]
Pius VII, ii, [360]
Pixodarus (pik sō där’ ŭs), i, [375]
Pizarro (pi zär’ ō), ii, [190], [618]
Placentia (plă sen’ shi ă).
(See Piacenza)
Plague.
(See Pestilence)
Plaiting, Neolithic, i, [105]
Planets, i, [3] sq., [30]
Plants, i, 10 sqq.
Plassey, battle of, ii, [258], [620]
Plataea (plă tē’ ă), battle of, i, [336], [340] sqq., [348], ii, [607]
Plato, i, [306], [344], [351], [355] sqq.,[397], [399], [434], [468], [562], [618], ii, [169], [211], [403], [408], [607]
Playfair, ii, [419]
Plebeians, Roman, i, [455] sqq., [486], [487]
Pleistocene (plīs’ tō sēn) Age, i, [52], [59], [60], [64] sq., [102], [156], [255]
Plesiosaurs (plē’ zi ō sawrz), i, [40], [45], [50]
Pliny, the elder, i, [186];
the younger, i, [535], ii, [38]
Pliocene (plī’ ō sēn) Age, i, [52], [58], [60], [68] sq., [273]
Plotinus (plō tī’ nūs), i, [410], [592]
Plunkett, Sir Horace, ii, [499]
Plutarch, i, [313], [346] sq., [373], [374], [378], [390], [394], [474], [501], [505], [512] sqq., [598], ii, [351]
Pluvial Age, i, [159] sq., [177]
Plymouth, ii, [372]; (New England), ii, [305]
Plymouth Company, ii, [281]
Po, valley of the, i, [388], [449], [461], [471]
Pocahontas (pō kă hon’ tăs), ii, [280]
Pocock, R. I., i, [28], [67], [95]
Pocock, Roger, i, [299], [551]
Podmore, F., ii, [405]
Poitiers, ii, [47], [179], [613]
Poland, ii, [71], [100], [112], [126], [129], [130], [179], [236], [244], [248-51], [260], [266], [274], [278], [320], [327], [363-66], [372], [375], [380-382], b[400], [566], [620], [622]
Polish language, i, [168]
Political ideas, common, i, [519]
Politics (and Politicians), i, [496], ii, [140], [245]
Polo, Maffeo, ii, [117]
Polo, Marco, i, [541], ii, [117], [120-21], [185], [195], [616]
Polo, Nicolo, ii, [117]
Polyclitus (pol i klī’ tŭs), i, [346]
Polygamy, i, [232]
Polynesia, i, [147], [162];
languages of, i, [158], [164];
peoples of, i, [109], [148], [159], [177], [353]
Pompadour, Madame de, ii, [240]
Pompeii (pom pā’ yē), i, [489]
Pompey, i, [505], [509-14], [538-42], [549], [572], [625], ii, [609]
Pondicherry, ii, [258]
Pontifex maximus, ii, [56]
Pontus, i, [395], [504] sq.,

[553], [620], ii, [609] sq.
Poole, Ernest, ii, [503]
Poor, the, ii, [269] sq.
Poor Laws, ii, [211]
Pope, Alex., ii, [493]
Popes.
(See Papacy)
Poplicola (pop lik’ ō lă), Valerius, i, [457]
Poppaea (po pē’ ă), i, [525]
Popular education, Christianity and, ii, 139 sqq.
Port Arthur, ii, [462], [469]
Port Sunlight, ii, [406]
Porto Rico, ii, [506]
Portugal (and Portuguese), i, [168], [217], [299], [554], [564], [565], ii, [80], [100], [364], [490], [611], [617];
overseas trade and expansion of, ii, [184-88], [192-93], [251], [252], [257], [306], [451], [457], [465]
Porus (pō’ rŭs), king, i, [386] sq., [430]
Posen, ii, [367], [400], [446], [487]
Post horses in ancient Persia, i, [327]
Potash, ii, [38]
Potato, i, [208]
Potomac, river, ii, [301]
Potsdam, ii, [240]
Pottery, i, [105], [112] sq., [130] sq., [147], [448], ii, [38]
Poultry.
(See Fowl)
Powers, Great, ii, [216] sqq., [246-47], [252], [278-79], [380], [440], [447], [500]
Prague, ii, [151], [152], [175], [400] sq., [617], [623];
University of, ii, [151]
Prayer-flags, Buddhist, i, [438]
Prayer-wheels, i, [438]
Precession of the equinoxes, i, [31]
Prehistoric Peeps, i, [50]
Presbyterianism, ii, [163], [221]
Prescott, ii, [207] sq.
Press, free, ii, [302]; in politics, i, [463]
Prester, John, ii, [119]
Priam (prī’ ăm), i, [335]
Pride, Colonel, ii, [224] sq.
Priestcraft (incl. Priesthood and Priests), i, [127], [130], [134], [178], [182], [190], [204], [232-53], [263], [266], [285], [305], [430], ii, [16], [85], [149-51], [246], [425]
Primal law, i, [79]
Prince, character of a, ii, 195 sqq.
Princes, an exclusive class, i, [267]
Princeton, Univ. of, ii, [543]
Printing, i, [231], [407-08], [463], ii, [121], [158] sq., [167], [174], [617];
Chinese, i, [631]
Priscus (pris’ kŭs), i, [557] sq., ii, [42], [611]
Prisoners as slaves, ii, [305]
Prisons, English, ii, [338]
Private enterprise, ii, [273] sq., 535 sqq.;
ownership, ii, [274];
property, ii, [228]
Probus (prō’ bŭs), emperor, i, [528], [553], ii, [610]
Production, distribution and profits of, ii, [274];
of machinery, ii, [275-76]
Profit, ii, [334]
Profiteers, ii, [541]
Prokop the Great, ii, [152]
Proletariat, i, [268], [456], ii, [398], 408 sqq.
Promissory notes, early, i, [220]
Property, i, [259], [265], ii, [146], [217], [308], [338] sqq., [385], [398] sq., [411]
Prophets, Jewish, i, [294] sq.
Propitiation, i, [127], [134]
Proterozoic (prot er ō zō’ ik) period, i, [10], [14], [17], [25] sq.
Protestantism, ii, [150], [160-67], [206], [209], [218-25], [229], [233], [239], [242], [252-53], [265], [269-71], [281-83], [465], [490-95]
Provence, ii, [368]
Proverbs, book of, i, [294]
Providence, Rhode I., ii, [289]
Prussia, ii, [236], [240], [243-53], [278], [314], [320], [327], [362], [364-67], [371], [381], [441-46], [478-80], 619 sqq.
Przemysl (pshem’ isl), ii, [518-19]
Psalms, i, [277], [294]
Psammetichus (sä met’ i kŭs), i, [200], [291], [316], ii, [606]
Pskof, ii, [180]
Ptah-hetep (ptä’ het ep), tomb of, i, [260]
Pteria (tē’ ri ă), i, [323]
Pterodactyls (ter ō dăk’ tilz), i, 40 sqq.
Ptolemies, i, [395], [401], [432], [571], [636]
Ptolemy (tol’ ĕ mi), I, i, [375], [401-02], [404], [409-13], ii, [608];
Ptolemy II, i, [404];
Ptolemy III, i, [404]
Public opinion, growth of, ii, [148]
Public schools.
(See Schools, public)
“Pul,” Assyrian monarch, i, [290]
Pultusk, ii, [362]
Punch, ii, [397], [435], [487]
Punic (pū’ nik), language, i, [528];
wars, i, [196], [454] sq., [460], [466] sqq., ii, [608]
Punjab, i, [201], [388], [428] sq., ii, [114], [132] sq., [257], [608]
Puritan Revolution, ii, [217]
Puritans, ii, [226], [282]
Pyramids, i, [133], [198] sq., [238], [261], [274];
battle of the, ii, [351]
Pyrenees, i, [160], [554], ii, [28], [41], [46] sq., [51], [238], [368], [613]
Pyrrhus (pir’ ŭs), i, [452] sqq., [467], ii, [67], [608]
Pytho (pī’ thō), i, [322]
Q
Quaco, ii, [467], [621]
Quadrupedal reptiles, i, [41]
Quartz, i, [9]
Quartzite implements, i, [137]
Quaternary rocks, i, [12]
Quebec, ii, [254], [620]
Quinquereme (kwin’ kwĕ rēm), i, [469]
Quipus, i, [208]
Quixada (kë hä’ dä), ii, [207], [208]
R
Ra, i, [250]
Races of mankind, i, [87] sqq., [089], [95], [100-101], [120], [136-49]
Radiolaria, i, [10]
Ragusa (rä goo’ ză), ii, [180]
Rahab, month of, ii, [8]
Rai, Lajpat, ii, [454], [473]
Railways, ii, [386], [622]
Rajgir, i, [420]
Rajput (räj poot’) clans, i, [629]
Rajput princes, ii, [256]
Rajputana, i, [629], ii, [179], [256]
Raleigh, Sir Walter, ii, [280]
Ramah, i, [285]
Rambouillet (ron boo yä’), ii, [317]
Rameses (răm’ ē sēz) II, i, [196], [200], [279], [281-82], [289], [401], ii, [605]
Rameses III, i, [249], [282]
Raphael, ii, [183]
Rasputin (răs poot’ in), ii, [525]
Ratisbon, Diet of, ii, [206]
Ratzel, i, [153], [208], [541], [551]
Ravenna, i, [554], [557], [561], [606], ii, [60], [612]
Realism (and Realists), ii, 169 sqq.
Rebus, i, [227]
Reconstruction, Ministry of, ii, [534]
Red Cross, ii, [199]
Red deer, i, [96]
Red Indians, i, [546], ii, [285]
Red Sea, i, [156], [160], [184], [210], [211], [279], [281], [287], [290], [401], [529], [533]
“Red Sea” river, i, [119], [121]
Redmond, John, ii, [496], [498]
Reed, E. T., i, [50]
Reed pipes, i, [115]
Reeds, C. A., i, [59]
Reform Bill, ii, [400], [622]
Reformation, the, i, [596], ii, [161-64], [167], [204], [270], [272]
Regicide, ii, [225]
Reinach, Salomon, i, [6], [401]
Reindeer, i, [64], [76], [78], [90], [93], [101], [115]
Reindeer Age, i, [81], [90], [93-98]
Reindeer men, i, [105], [108], [115], [118], [123], [124], [133], [170]
Religion, i, [124], [127], [131-33], [178], [232], [235-37], [411-14], [582] sqq., ii, [163], [165], [309], [422];
“Old Man” in, i, [125], [131], [134]
Religious dances, i, [355]
Religious wars, ii, [206-07]
Remus (rē’ mŭs) and Romulus (rom’ ū lŭs), i, [448]
Renaissance, ii, [139], [184]
Renan, ii, [169]
Renascence, ii, [139]
Rent, i, [255-56], [264]
Reparation, i, [219]
Representation, political, i, [494-95], ii, [298], [414]
Reproduction, i, [16-18]; of amphibia, i, [26];
of mammals, i, [54]
Reptiles, i, [26], [28], 38 sqq.
Republicanism, i, [519], ii, [248], [264], [347]
Republics, i, [307-08], ii, [142]
Retailers, i, [265]
Revelation, Book of, i, [598]
Revere, Paul, ii, [290], [294]
“Revisionists,” ii, [409]
Revolution, ii, [403], [411]
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, ii, [227], [493]
Rhine, i, [74], [206], [298], [507], [508], [523], [526], [539], [549], [552], [553], [557], ii, [61], [69], [203], [236], [238], [266], [330], [368], [441]
Rhineland, i, [605], ii, [41], [47], [61], [67], [77], [82], [228]
Rhinoceros, i, [56], [58], [64], [69], [70], [76]
Rhode Island, ii, [281], [282], [289], [290], [296], [300]
Rhodes, i, [396], ii, [79]
Rhodesia, i, [174], ii, [472]
Rhondda, Lord, ii, [533]
Rhone Valley, i, [606], ii, [82]
Rhys, Sir John, i, [168]
Rice, i, [646]
Richard I, Cœur de Lion, ii, [81], [219]
Richard II, ii, [156], [617]
Richelieu, Cardinal, ii, [237], [246], [253]
Richmond, ii, [443]
Ridgeway, W., i, [106], [298]
Riga, ii, [180], [182], [526]
Righteousness, i, [400]
Rio de Oro (rē’ ō dā ō’ rō), i, [217]
Ripley, i, [143]
Ritual, ii, [149].
(See also Christianity)
Rivers, i, [37]
Rivers, W. H. R. i, [148]
Riviera (rē vē ār’ă), French, i, [447];
Italian, ii, [347]
Rivoira, ii, [61]
Robert of Sicily.
(See Guiscard, Robert)
Robertson, ii, [208]
Robespierre (rō bes pyâr’), ii, [324], [333-336], [349], [621]
Robinson, J. H., ii, [99], [253]
Roch, ii, [518]
Rochefort, ii, [372]
“Rocket,” the, ii, [386]
Rocks, i, [8-13], [27-30]
Rocquain, ii, [308]
Roger I, King of Sicily, ii, [86]
Rolf the Ganger, ii, [54], [66], [614]
Roman coins, i, [455]
Roman Empire, i, 517 sqq.;
social and political state of, i, [529], [534-42], [550];
fall of, i, 550 sqq.;
separation into Eastern and Western Empires, i, 554 sqq.;
later Roman Empire (Western), i, [597], [605], [614], [619], [632], [633], ii, [42], [54], [56], [58], [64], [157], [265], [268], [611].
(See also Eastern (Greek) Empire)
Roman law, i, [458], [615-16];
roads, i, [461], [540]
Roman Republic (19th century), ii, [347], [622-23]
Romansch language, ii, [47], [199]
Rome, i, [407], [504], [510], [519], [548], [564-65], [572], [589], [606-11], [615-18], [621], [633], ii, [2], [50], [126], [182], [195], [202], [276], [441], [445], [483];
early history of, i, [445-51], [458], ii, [607-08]; war with Carthage, i, [454];

social and political state of, i, [352], [454-66], [473], [480-503], [505], [515-16], [630-31], ii, [145], [343], [394], 607 sqq.;
assemblies of, i, [462-66], [486], [488-89], [494], [507];
patricians and plebeians, i, [454-62], [486-88];
Senate, i, [455], [459], [463-66], [482], [483-87], [493-505], [511-16], [525];
Consuls of i, [455], [466];
colonies of, i, [458], [461], [471-72];
Punic wars, i, [196], [454] sq., [460], [466] sqq., ii, [608];
assimilation of, i, [483], [509];
military system of, i, [485], [502], [505], [520];
bequests to, i, [500], ii, [609];
Social war, i, [503], ii, [609];
monarchy in, and the fall of the Republic, i, [509-21];
Roman Empire (see above);
plague in, i, [608], ii, [41], [612];
true cross at, i, [618], ii, [82];
“duke of,” ii, [41];
Pepin crowned at, ii, [57];
in 10th century, ii, [62];
sacked by Guiscard, ii, [69], [615];
Germans raid, ii, [204], [618];
Charlemagne crowned at, ii, [215]
Rome, Church of (inc. general Christian associations), i, [589] sqq., [603-05], [612], ii, [41], [50], [53-58], [073], [074], [085], [090-101], [127], [130], [197], [202], [215], [226], [356].
(See also Catholicism and Papacy)
Romulus and Remus, i, [448]
Roosevelt, President, ii, [504], [506], [544], [551]
Rose, Holland, ii, [348], [353], [358]
Roses, Wars of the, ii, [179]
Ross, i, [541], ii, [30]
Rostro-carinate implements, i, [60], [81], [273]
Roth, H. L., i, [85], [103]
“Roum,” Empire of, ii, [122]
Roumania (and the Roumanians), i, [564], ii, [71], [113], [122], [380], [382], [502], [524]
Rousseau (roo sō’), J. J., ii, [163], [310], [324], [333], [349], [621]
Rowing, i, [211], [469]
Roxana, i, [390], [394]
Royal Asiatic Society, i, [646]
Royal families, marriage of, i, [267]
Royal Society of London, i, [637], ii, [177], [239], [392]
Rubicon (roo’ bi kŏn), the, i, [511]
Rudolf I, German Emperor, ii, [63], [98], [199], [616]
Rulers, deification of, i, [484]
Ruling families, i, [307-08]
Rumansch language.
(See Romansch language)
Rump Parliament, ii, [224]
Rurik, ii, [67], [614]
Russia, i, [102], [151], [159], [196], [294], [317], [327], [387], [507], [539], [541], [545], [549], [553], [561], [570], [600], ii, [17], [53], [64], [66-67], [070], [110-14], [127], [128], [129], [130], [134], [139], [157], [179], [236], [244-53], [259-61], [266], [267], [278], [320], [361], [366], [380], [410], [411], [440], [447], [463-69], [484], [485], [502], [509], [510], [524-27], [620-24].
(See also Great War)
Russian language, i, [151], [168], [638]
Russo-Japanese war, i, [642]
Rustam, ii, [20], [21]
Rusticiano, ii, [117-21]
Ruth, Book of, i, [282]
Rutilius, P. Rufus, i, [503]
S
Saar (sär) Valley, ii, [566]
Sabatier, P., ii, [94]
Sabbath, Jewish, i, [572], [575], [579], [590]
Sabellians, i, [592]
Sachsenhausen (sach’ sen hou zen), ii, [180]
Sacraments, i, [130-31]
Sacrifice, i, [116], [134], [178], [204-05], [234], ii, [190], [418];
human, i, [117], [130], [134], [352-54], [489]
Sadducees, i, [572]
Sadowa (sä’ dō vä), battle of, ii, [445-46], [623]
Safiyya (sä fyē’ jă), ii, [13]
Sagas, i, [173], ii, [53]
Saghalien (sä gä lēn’), ii, [469]
Sahara, i, [75], [160], [206], [217], [228], ii, [501]
Sails, use of, i, [210-11]
St. Andrew’s, ii, [324]
St. Angelo, castle of, ii, [41], [62], [84], [205]
St. Gall, monastery of, ii, [69]
Saint-Germain-en-Laye, ii, [317]
St. Gothard Pass, ii, [182]
St. Helena, ii, [372], [374], [471]
St. Just, ii, [334]
St. Lawrence river, ii, [254]
St. Médard, ii, [48]
St. Peter’s, Rome, i, [238], [591], ii, [202]
St. Petersburg. (See Petrograd)
St. Sophia, Church of, i, [615], ii, [124]
Sainte Menehould, ii, [323]
Sakas (sä’ käs), i, [628]
Sakya (sä’ kyä) clan, i, [416]
Saladin (săl’ ă din), ii, [80], [106], [615]
Salamis (săl’ ă mis), i, [337-39], [344], [348], [469], ii, [20], [607]
Salerno, ii, [89]
Salian dynasty, ii, [63]
Salisbury, Lord, ii, [623]
Salmon of Reindeer Age, i, [94]
Salonika, ii, [522], [524]
Salt, i, [118]
Salvation, Christian theory of, ii, [418]
Salvation Army, i, [413], ii, [166]
Samaria, i, [193], [293]
Samarkand, i, [386], [390], [546], [604], [643], [645], ii, [110], [132], [133], [159]
Samnites, i, [452], ii, [608]
Samoan Islands, ii, [505]
Samos, i, [303], [346]
Samothrace (săm’ ō thrās), i, [373]
Samoyed (săm’ ō yed) language, i, [156]
Samson, i, [283], [293]
Samuel, Book of, i, [282-86]
Samurai (săm’ u rī), i, [642], ii, [466]
San Casciano, ii, [195]
Sanderson, F. W., ii, [271]
Sandracottus.
(See Chandragupta)
Sandstone, i, [7]
Sandwich Islands, ii, [505]
Sandys, ii, [169]
Sanskrit, i, [169], [182], [639], [647], ii, [36], [136]
Sans Souci (san soo sē’), park of, ii, [240]
San Stefano, treaty of, ii, [447], [475], [623]
Santa Maria, ship, ii, [186]
Sapor I, i, [617], [626], ii, [610]
Saracens, i, [565], ii, [3], [64-69]
Sarajevo (să rī’ vō), ii, [435], [510]
Saratoga, ii, [292]
Sardanapalus (sär dă nă pā’ lŭs), i, [194], [246], [290], [292], [316], ii, [606]
Sardes, ii, [79]
Sardinia, i, [217], [471], [556], ii, [200], [380], [440]
Sardis, i, [316], [324], [331], [334], [340], [379]
Sargon, I, i, [133], [191-95], [196], [247], [274], [279], [599], ii, [211], [606];
II, i, [193], [196], [200], [246], [290], [318], ii, [606]
Sarmatians, i, [300], [543], ii, [71]
Sarum, Old, ii, [227]
Sassanids (săs’ ă nidz), i, [523], [625], ii, [31], [35], [610].
(See also Persia)
Saturn, planet, i, [4]
Saturninus (săt ũr nī’ nŭs), i, [503]
Saul, king of Israel, i, [286], ii, [606]
Saul of Tarsus.
(See Paul, St.)
Savannah, ii, [254], [282]
Savannah, steamship, ii, [387]
Save, river, i, [560]
Savoy, ii, [225], [242], [331], [380], [440]
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha family, ii, [482]
Saxony (and the Saxons), i, [554], [605], ii, [24], [48], [49], [51-54], [062], [066], [144], [236], [242], [368]
Saxony, Duke of, ii, [152];
Elector of, ii, [203]
Sayce, Prof., i, [186], [190], [210], [257], [265]
Scandinavia, i, [102], [143], [299], [533], [539], [549]
Scharnhorst, cruiser, ii, [520]
Scheldt, the, ii, [76], [331]
Schism, the Great, ii, [100], [127], [151], [617]
Schleswig-Holstein, ii, [442]
Schmalkalden, ii, [205]
Schmalkaldic league, ii, [205]
Schmidt, Dr., ii, [136]
Schmit, E., ii, [135]
Scholars, i, [409]
Scholasticism, ii, 167 sqq.
Schools, monastic, i, [613], ii, [60];
public, ii, [269] sq., [428-30]
Schrader, O., i, [118], [169]
Schuchert, C., i, [50]
Schurtz, Dr., i, [556], ii, [18], [22]
Schwill, ii, [37], [51], [377]
Schwyz (shvēts), ii, [199], [616]
Science, i, [397] sqq., ii, [35], 174 sqq.;
exploitation of, ii, [388-91], [410];
and religion, i, [584], ii, [174], [177], [421-22]
Science and Art Department, ii, [437]
Scientific research, ii, [171]
Scilly Isles, i, [217]
Scind (sind), ii, [113]
Scipio, Lucius, i, [482]
Scipio, P Cornelius, i, [475]
Scipio (sip’ i ō) Africanus, the Elder, i, [477-79], [483], [486], [499], [540]
Scipio Africanus Minor, i, [477], [483], [501]
Scipio Nasica (nă sī’ kă), i, [483], [501]
Scorpion, i, [25], [28]
Scorpion, sea.
(See Sea-scorpion)
Scotch colonists, i, [110]
Scotland, i, [59], [102], [109], [110], [532], ii, [40], [66], [100], [162], [163], [178], [221], [225], [244], [261], [433], [471]
Scott, E. F., i, [581]
Scott, Michael, ii, [88]
Scott, Sir Walter, ii, [487]
Scriptures, Arabic, ii, [22]; Christian, i, [627], [634]
Scythia (sith’ i ă) and the Scythians, i, [247], [261], [291], [300-01], [319], [327-30], [377], [388], [396], [490], [507], [510], [532-33], [543-45], [558], ii, [66], [71], [113], [128], [367], [607]
Sea, depth of, i, [5]
Sea fights, ancient, i, [337-40]
Sea power, ancient, i, [379-80], ii, [28]
Sea trade, ii, [182]
Seamanship, early, i, [209-11], [216-17], [218], [266], [272-73], ii, 185 sqq.
Seas, primordial, i, [8], [10], [16], [21-24], [46]
Sea-scorpion, i, [10], [21], [24]
Seasons, the, i, [30-33], [127], [128-29]
Seaweed, i, [23]
Sebastiani Report, ii, [359]
Secunderabad (sē kŭn dĕr ă băd’), i, [389]
Sedan, ii, [445], [531]
Seek, i, [598]
Seeley, Sir J. R., ii, [140]
Seignobos (sen yō bō’), ii, [384]
Seine, the, i, [137]
Seleucia, i, [622]
Seleucid (sĕ lū’ sid) dynasty, i, [395-97], [428], [432], [480], [523], [571-72], [616], ii, [608]
Seleucus (sĕ lū’ kŭs) I, i, [395], [430]
Selfishness, i, [423]
Selim (sā lēm’), sultan, ii, [126], [618]
Seljuks (sel jooks’), ii, [33], [71-72], [106], [114], [121], [615].
(See also Turks)
Semites (and Semitic peoples), i, [148], [153-60], [188] sqq., [212], [218-19], [228], [232-233], [237], [242], [264-65],

[300], ii, [1], [2], [21], [105], [122], [143], [168], [249]
Semitic languages, i, [153-55], [164]
Seneca (sen’ ē kă), i, [491]
Senegal river, i, [217]
Sennacherib (sē năk’ er ib), i, [193-94], [200], [246], [291], ii, [606]
Sepulchre, Holy, ii, [61], [64], [74], [78], [118]
Sequoias (sē kwoi’ ăz), i, [51]
Serapeum (ser ă pē’ ŭm), i, [413], [414], ii, [149]
Serapis (sē rā’ pis), i, [412-14], [428], [538], [590-91], [602], ii, [611]
Serbia (and the Serbs), i, [528], [553], [606], [616], ii, [24], [122], [224], [382], [502], [508-11], [524]
Serbian language, i, [168]
Serfdom, i, [600]
Sergius III, Pope, ii, [63]
Serpent in religion, i, [130], [147], ii, [418]
Servants, domestic, i, [265]
Set, Egyptian god, i, [236]
Seton-Karr, Sir H. W., i, [137]
Seven Years War, ii, [332], [620]
Severus (sē vēr’ ŭs), Septimus, i, [528]
Seville, ii, [188]
Sex, i, [131]
Seyffert, i, [464], [490], [491]
Shakespeare, W., i, [173]
Shale, i, [7]
Shalmaneser (shăl mă nē’ zũr), i, [193], [291]
Shamanism, ii, [114], [128], [146]
Shamash, i, [245]
Shang dynasty, i, [196], [204]
Shanghai (shăng hī’), ii, [470]
Shang-tung, ii, [469]
Sharifian emperors, i, [565]
Sharpe, S., i, [249]
Shaving the face, i, [391]
Sheep in lake dwellings, i, [112]
Shekel, i, [220], [265]
Sheldonian Theatre, ii, [271]
Shell Age, supposed, i, [68]
Shellfish, i, [9], [10]
Shells as implements, i, [68];
as ornaments, i, [88]
Shem, i, [140]
Shen-si, i, [632]
Sherbro Island, i, [218]
Sherman, General, ii, [443]
Shi-Hwang-ti, emperor, i, [196], [205], [253], [542-43], [548], [642], ii, [211], [608]
Shiites (shē’ īts), ii, [27], [30], [64], [70], [72], [80], [134], [256]
Shiloh, i, [284]
Shimei, i, [287]
Shimonoseki (shē’ mŏ nō sāk’ ĕ), Straits of, ii, [467]
Shipbuilding, ii, [66], [388-89]
Ships, earliest, i, [209-11]
Shishak (shī’ shăk), i, [200], [388]
Shrines, i, [234], [313]
Siam (and Siamese), i, [203], [640]
Siamese language, i, [157]
Siberia, i, [100-02], [156-59], [532], [546], [632], ii, [114], [132], [261]
Siberian railway, ii, [469], [502]
Sicilies, Two, ii, [200], [364]
Sicily, i, [213], [217], [303], [308], [382], [447], [449], [451-54], [471], [480], [486], [498], [505], [566], ii, [62], [64], [69], [78], [83], [86-88], [097], [182], [353], [380], [441], [615]
Sickles, earthenware, i, [189]
Siddhattha Gautama (sid hät’ t’hă gou’ tă mă).
(See Buddha)
Sidon, i, [196], [212], [216], [266], [279], [290], [331], [380]
Sieyès (syā yes’), ii, [354]
Sign-language, i, [150]
Sikhs (sēks), ii, [257], [453]
Silbury, i, [110], [135]
Silesia, ii, [112], [251]
Silk, i, [273], [530], ii, [238]
Silver as standard of value, i, [220]
Sin, idea of, ii, [190]
Sinai, i, [259]
Sind, ii, [453]
Singan, i, [642], [644], [647], ii, [613]
Singer, Dr., i, [403]
Singing, i, [115]
Sinope (sī nō’ pē), i, [621]
Siris, i, [339]
Sirius (sir’ i ŭs), a star, i, [238]
Sirmium, i, [560]
Sistrum, i, [413], [425]
Siva, i, [437]
Sivapithecus (si vă pi thē kŭs), i, [67]
Siwalik Hills, i, [67]
Skins, use of, as clothing, i, [80], [99], [114];
inflated, as boats, i, [209]
Skrine, i, [541], ii, [30]
Skull, shapes of, i, [100], [142-46]
Slate, i, [7]
Slavery (and slaves), i, [255-59], [305-09], [352], [363], [455], [489-92], [529], [589], [594], [631], ii, [15], [33], [130], [146], [193], [225], [276], [284-85], [293], [304-05] sqq.;
American, ii, [342], [619]
Slavic tribes, i, [527]
Slavonian dialect, i, [168]
Slavonic languages, ii, [69]
Slavs, i, [616], ii, [24], [49], [57], [61], [69], [128]
Sloth, i, [102], [207]
Smelting, i, [106], [107]
Smerdis, i, [326]
Smilodon (smī’ lō don), i, [56]
Smith, A. L., ii, [88]
Smith, Elliot, i, [69], [84], [146], [147], [189], [207]
Smith, Rt. Hon. F. E., ii, [424], [497-99]
Smith, John, ii, [280]
Smith, Worthington, i, [63], [79], ii, [310]
Smithsonian Institution, ii, [392]
Smyrna, ii, [79]
Snails, i, [28]
Sobiesky (sō byes’ ki), John (John III), ii, [249], [620]
Social Contract, ii, [296], [310]
Social Democrats, ii, [485]
Social War, the, i, [503], ii, [609]
Socialism, ii, [157], [310], [339-46], [403] sqq., [622]
Society, beginning of human, i, [178]
Socrates (sok’ ră tēz), i, [114], [350], [355-56], [364], [420], [436]
Soddy, Prof., ii, [410]
Soderini, ii, [195-96], [618]
Soil, protection of, i, [37]
Soissons, ii, [47], [48]
Solar year, i, [129]
Solent, the, i, [137]
Solferino (sol fe rē’ nō), battle of, ii, [441], [623]
Solis, ensign, ii, [231]
Sollas, Prof., i, [63], [69], [84], [100]
Solomon, King, i, [200], [287-94], [569], ii, [606]
Solon, i, [221], [324-25]
Solutré, i, [92], [96], [124]
Solutrian Age, i, [96], [97], [317], ii, [189]
Somaliland, i, [137], [160], [217]
Somalis, language of, i, [154]
Somersett, J., ii, [306]
Somme, the, i, [137]; battle of, ii, [338], [530]
Sonnino, Baron, ii, [552]
Sonoy, Governor, ii, [231]
Soothsayers, i, [305]
Sophists, Greek, i, [350]
Sophocles (sof’ ō klēz), i, [351], [355]
Soudan, tribes of, i, [118]
Soul, the, i, [131]
South Africa, i, [485], ii, [460], [471], [472], [489],
[495], [623-24]
South Kensington, Natural History Museum, i, [50]
South Sea Islanders, i, [68], [353]
Southampton, ii, [180]
Soviets (sov’ yets), ii, [410], [526], [539]
Sowing, and burial, i, [130];
and human sacrifice, i, [117], [134]
Space, i, [3], [4], [15]
Spain, i, [37], [93], [106], [108], [146], [161], [196], [213], [217], [299], [446-48], [589], [615], ii, [41], [100], [140], [159], [179], [246];
history (Carthaginians in), i, [472-79];
(Romans in), i, [480], [485-86], [499-502], [509], [522], [540], [569];
(Vandals in), i, [554], [556], ii, [611];
(under the Goths), i, [606], ii, [46], [66], [613];
(Moors in), i, [565], ii, [24-25], [031], [036-37], [057], [061], [064], [194], [242], [613];
(15th-16th cent.), ii, [186], [188], [193-95], [197], [200-04];
(17th-18th cent.), ii, [216], [218], [220], [225], [229], [233], [239], [242-43], [251-52], [279], [292];
(19th cent.), ii, [362], [378], [445], [506];
overseas dominions, i, [208], ii, [187-94];
colonial expansion, ii, [251-54], [282], [286], [292], [306], [378], [451], [470]
Spanish language, i, [151], [564], ii, [160], [190]
Sparta, i, [303-07], [332-36], [343], [349-50], [369], [378], [460]
Spartacus (spar’ tă kŭs), i, [505], ii, [609]
Spearheads, bone, i, [96]
Species, i, [17-22], [025], [029], [138-40]
Speech, development of, i, [72], [79], [124-27], [129], [130], [150], [151], [162-63], [223-26]
Spelling, need for reform of, i, [282-83]
Spence, L., ii, [190]
Sphinx, the, i, [238]
Spices, Oriental, ii, [257]
Spiders, early, i, [28]
Spinden, i, [207]
Spinnerets of spiders, i, [28]
Spoleto (spō lā’ tō), i, [610]
Spores, i, [24]
Spurrell, H. G. F., i, [63], [98]
Spy, i, [72]
Stag, i, [94], [101]
Stagira (stă jīr’ ă), i, [357]
Stalky and Co., ii, [423]
Stallybrass, Dr. C. O., ii, [154], [543]
Stambul (stăm bool’), ii, [126]
Stamp Acts, ii, [289]
Stamps used for signatures, i, [408]
Stars, i, [4]; and early man, i, [127], [238], [240]
State, the, i, [488] sqq., [519], ii, [142], [163], [197], [244], [415]
States-General, the, ii, [234], [312], [621]
Steam, use of, ii, [386], [392]
Steamboat, introduction of the, ii, [387]
Steam-engine, invention of, i, [540], ii, [275], [386]
Steam-hammer, ii, [388]
Steam-power, ii, [275]
Steel, i, [273], ii, [388]
“Steel Boys,” the, ii, [492]
Stegosaurus (steg ō saw’ rŭs), i, [40]
Stein, Freiherr von, ii, [364]
Steno, ii, [419]
Stephenson, G., ii, [386]
Stern, Q. B., ii, [433]
Stettin, ii, [180]
Stilicho (stil’ i kō), i, [554], [561], ii, [611]
Stockholm, ii, [526]
Stockmar, Baron, ii, [438-39]
Stoicism, i, [360], [363], [588]
Stone, early use of, i, [171]
Stone, Major-Gen., ii, [570]
Stone Age, i, [60], [68], [75], [81], [96], [97], [104-13], b[197], [213], [274]
Stonehenge, i, [109-10], [147], [171], [196], [240], ii, [606]
Stopes, Dr. Marie, i, [38]
Story-telling, primitive, i, [129]
Strabo (strā’ bō), i, [13]
Strafford, Earl of, ii, [221-22], [491]
Strata, geological, i, 7 sqq.
Strikes in ancient Rome, i, [457-58], [496]
Stuart dynasty, ii, [163], [225-26]
Stubbs, Bishop, ii, [54]
Sturdee, Admiral, ii, [520]
Styria, ii, [200]
Subiaco (soo bē ä’ kō), i, [611]
Submarine warfare, ii, [520], [527]
Subutai, ii, [112]
Sudan, the, ii, [471]
Sudras, i, [269], [270], [645]
Suetonius (swē tō’ ni ŭs), i, [525], [598]
Suevi (swē’ vī), i, [554], [606], ii, [46], [611]
Suez, i, [156], [160], [195], [218]
Suffering, cause of, i, [423]
Suffrage, manhood, ii, [297]
Sugar, ii, [38]
Suleiman (soo lā măn’) the Magnificent, ii, [24], [28], [126], [200],

[205], [613]
Sulla, i, [503-04], [511], ii, [609]
Sulphuric acid, ii, [38]
Sulpicius (sŭl pish’ i ŭs), i, [504]
Sultan, Turkish, i, [565]
Sumatra, i, [635], ii, [120]
Sumer (incl. Sumeria and Sumerians), i, [133], [188-96], [203], [208], [210], [212], [218], [227-28], [232], [234], [242-48], [254], [259], [274], [297], [307], [319], [370], [522], ii, [1], [105], [130], [189]
Sumerian language and writing, i, [133], [162], [189], [198], [227], [229], [279], [408], [638]
Sun, the, i, [3-4], [030], [34];
worship, i, [130], [147], [235-38], [412-13]
Sunday, i, [575], [590], ii, [149];
schools, ii, [396]
Sung dynasty, i, [634-35], [641], ii, [108], [112-13], [118], [614]
Sunnites, ii, [27], [71], [80], [136]
“Sunstone,” i, [147]
Superior, Lake, i, [225]
Surrey, ii, [275]
Susa, i, [104], [189], [260], [318], [326-31], [337-38], [364], [385-87], [390]
Sussex, i, [70], ii, [40], [275]
Suy dynasty, i, [632]
Swabians, ii, [47], [63]
Swansea, Lord, i, [106]
Swastika (swăs’ ti kă), i, [147], [176]
Sweden (and the Swedes), i, [102], [553], [605], ii, [51], [53], [162], [206], [225], [234], [242], [244], [249], [257], [266], [283], [368], [380]
Swedish language, i, [168]
Swift, Dean, ii, [492], [493]
Swift, Fletcher H., i, [297]
Swimming-bladder, i, [25], [52], [55]
Swine, keeping of, i, [112], ii, [180]
Switzerland (including the Swiss), i, [106-09], [113], [115], [171], [186], [564], ii, [69], [198] sq., [204], [236], [280], [319], [328], [339], [347], [359], [380], [616], [617]
Swords, bronze, i, [132]
Sykes, Ella and Percy, i, [548]
Sykes, Sir Mark, i, [619], ii, [5], [9], [29-30], [121-23]
Syndicalism, ii, [409]
Synœcism of gods, i, [483-84]
Syracuse, i, [351], [449], [452], [468], [476], [497], [534]
Syria (and Syrians), i, [102], [160], [192], [194], [200], [250], [265], [278], [290], [292], [326], [342], [380], [500], [569-70], [587], [598], [604], [617], [619-21], ii, [1-2], [004], [007], [017-21], [071], [074], [079], [097], [106], [113], [130-32], [149], [359], [440], [500]
Syrian language, i, [530], [627], ii, [35]
T
Tabriz, ii, [120]
Tabu, i, [113], [125-29]
Tachov (tăk’ hov), ii, [152]
Tacitus (tăs’ i tŭs), i, [491], ii, [144]
Tadpoles, i, [26], [52]
Taft, President, ii, [544], [551]
Tagus valley, ii, [207]
Tain, an Irish epic, i, [182]
Tai-tsung, i, [634], [642], [647], ii, [106], [612]
Talleyrand, ii, [370], [374]
Tallien, ii, [336]
Tallies, i, [128]
Tammany, i, [495]
Tancred, ii, [79]
Tang dynasty, i, [630-33], [641], ii, [106], [612]
Tangier, ii, [484]
Tanks, ii, [515-16], [523], [530], [569], [571]
Tannenberg, ii, [515], [518]
Taoism (tou’ izm), i, [433], [438], [641]
Tapir, i, [56]
Tarentum, i, [452], [476]
Tarim (tä rēm’) valley, i, [201-02], [387], [546], ii, [109], [609]
Tarpeian Rock, i, [459]
Tarquins, the, i, [450], [456]
Tartar language, i, [156], ii, [119]
Tartars (and Tartary), i, [388], [542], [545], [627], ii, [109], [112], [119], [129], [244], [260], [267]
Tashkend, i, [643]
Tasmania (and Tasmanians), i, [82], [84], [85], [138], [148], ii, [189], [451];
language, i, [162]
Tattooing, i, [147]
Taurus mountains, i, [395-97], ii, [21], [28], [34], [42], [122]
Taxation, i, [255], [264], [310], ii, [217-18]
Taxilla, i, [645]
Tayf (tī’ if), ii, [7]
Taylor, H. O., ii, [172]
Tea, i, [630], ii, [289]
Teeth, i, [44], [69-73], [086], [87]
Telamon (tel’ ă mon), battle of, i, [471], [475], ii, [608]
Telegraph, electric, ii, [387]
Tel-el-Amarna (tel el ä mär’ nă), i, [200], [220], [245], [250], [288]
Telescope, invention of the, ii, [176]
Tell, William, ii, [199]
Tempe (tem’ pē), vale of, i, [335]
Temples, i, [190], [234-41], [250], [304]
Ten Thousand, Retreat of the, ii, [607]
Ten Tribes, the, i, [193]
Teneriffe, ii, [225]
Tennyson, Lord, i, [175], [531], ii, [438]
Tertullian (tũr tŭl’ yăn), i, [403]
Testament, Old, i, [114], [277], [292], [294];
New, i, [114]
Tetrabelodon (tet ră bel’ ō don), i, [58]
Teutonic Knights, ii, [266]
Teutonic tribes, i, [299], [509], [527], [552], ii, [611]
Texel, ii, [332]
Textile fabrics, Arab, ii, [38]
Thames, the, i, [59], [137], ii, [182], [226], [512]
Thatcher, ii, [37], [51], [377]
Thebes (thēbz) and Thebans, i, [252], [274], [303], [336], [343], [370-71], ii, [606]
Themistocles (thē mis’ tō klēz), i, [313], [337]
Theocrasia, i, [412], [414], [538], [590], [626], ii, [149]
Theodora, Empress, i, [615]
Theodora, sister of Marozia, ii, [62]
Theodore of Tarsus, ii, [50], [613]
Theodoric (thē od’ ō rik) the Goth, i, [560], [606], ii, [037], [612]
Theodosius (thē ō dō’ shi ŭs), the Great, i, [554], [602], [615], ii, [611]
Theodosius II, i, [557-59]
Theophrastus (thē ō frăs’ tŭs), i, [13]
Theophylact, ii, [62]
Theriodont (thē’ ri ō dont) reptiles, i, [54]
Theriomorpha, i, [41], [47], [48]
Thermopylæ (thũr mop’ i lē), i, [335], [336], [474], [536], ii, [607]
Theseus (thē’ sūs), i, [216]
Thespians, i, [336]
Thessalus (thes’ ă lŭs), i, [375]
Thessaly (and Thessalians), i, [335-40], [384], [453], [511]
Thibet, i, [432], [628]
Thien Shan, i, [546], [643]
Thiers (tyâr), ii, [353]
Thirty Tyrants, i, [351]
Thirty Years’ War, ii, [235], [262], [292], [511]
Thomas, Albert, ii, [439]
Thompson, R. Campbell, i, [189]
Thor, i, [233], ii, [49]
Thoth-lunus (thoth’ lū’ nŭs), Egyptian
god, i, [239]
Thothmes (thoth’ mēz), i, [199], [289], [317], [401], [445], ii, [605]
Thought and research, i, [122-35], [352-53], [360-62], ii, [414]
Thrace (thrās) and Thracians, i, [303], [328-31], [340], [372], [377], [395], ii, [20], [123]
Three Teachings, the, i, [436]
Throwing sticks, i, [90]
Thucydides (thū sid’ i dēz), i, [344], [360], [399], [460]
Thuringians, ii, [51]
Tian Shan, i, [549]
Tiber, river, i, [447], [448], [454], [458], ii, [41]
Tiberius Cæsar, i, [523], [572], [584], ii, [609]
Tibet, i, [206], [438], [545-47], [591], [640], ii, [113], [128], [262], [463], [624]
Tibetan language, i, [157]
Tides, i, [8]
Tiger, sabre-toothed, i, [56], [64], [69], [70],
[76]
Tiglath Pileser (tig’ lăth pi lē’ zĕr), I, i, [192], [196];
III, i, [193], [200], [246], [290], [318], ii, [606]
Tigris, i, [186], [192], [210], [238], [260], [616], ii, [2], [106]
Tii, Queen, i, [250]
Tille, Dr., ii, [180]
Tilly, ii, [235]
Tilsit, Treaty of, ii, [363], [622]
Timbuktu, i, [565]
Time, i, [13-15], [128-29], ii, [605]
Times, the, ii, [405]
Timon (tī’ mon), i, [515]
Timurlane, ii, [132-33], [137], [154], [261], [617]
Tin, i, [4], [106], [217], [273], ii, [389]
Tinstone, i, [106]
Tiryns (tī’ rinz), i, [303]
Titanothere (tī’ tăn ō thēr), i, [53], [56]
Titus, i, [526], [571], ii, [610]
Tobacco, i, [170], [219], ii, [281], [284]
Toe, great, i, [66]
Tolstoy, ii, [367]
Tonkin, ii, [467], [470]
Torr, Cecil, i, [210], [259]
Tortoises, i, [40], [46]
Torture, use of, ii, [338]
Tory Party, ii, [489]
Totila (tot’ i lă), i, [611]
Toulon, ii, [333], [349], [351]
Tours, ii, [47], [180]
Towers of Silence, i, [625]
Town life, European, ii, 180 sqq.
Town Topics, ii, [424]
Townshend, General, ii, [522]
Township, primitive, i, [256]
Tracheal tubes, i, [25]
Trachodon (trăk’ ō don), i, [42]
Trade, early, i, [118], [208-22], [257], [264-65];
routes, ii, [76], [183]; sea, ii, [184-85]
Trade Unions, i, [487], [536], ii, [407]
Tradition, i, [55], [124-29], [230]
Trafalgar, battle of, ii, [362], [622]
Trajan (trā’ jăn), i, [524], [526], [614], [623], ii, [2], [610]
Transmigration of souls, i, [424], [427]
Transport, ii, [386], [569]
Transubstantiation, ii, [150-51], [171]
Transvaal, ii, [424], [460], [623].
(See also South Africa)
Transylvania, i, [526], ii, [112]
Trasimene, Lake, i, [475]
Travels, early, i, [221], ii, [386]
Trebizond, ii, [120]
Trees, i, [27], [37]
Trench warfare, ii, [515]
Trent, Council of, ii, [167], [618]
Tresas, i, [336]
Trevithick, ii, [386]
Trianon, the, ii, [317]
Tribal system, i, [177], ii, [128]
Trilobites, i, [10], [21-24]
Triceratops (trī ser’ ă tops), i, [42]
Trieste, ii, [445]
Trigonometry, ii, [37]
Trinidad, ii, [471]
Trinil, i, [68-69]
Trinitarians, i, [592-93], [601-02]
Trinity, doctrine of the, i, [575], [592], [602], [625-26], ii,

[171]
Trinity College, Dublin, ii, [492]
Tripoli, i, [228], ii, [470], [500], [624];
Treaty of, ii, [294]
Trireme, i, [469]
Trojans, i, [216], [448], ii, [121]
Tröltsch, i, [604]
Trotsky, ii, [411]
Troy, i, [216], [303], [318], [335], [446]
Troyes (trwä), battle of, i, [559], ii, [611]
Trumpet, bronze, i, [132]
Tsar, title of, i, [565], ii, [129]
Tshushima (tsoo shē’ mă), Straits of, ii, [469]
Ts’i (dynasty and state), i, [205], [508]
Ts’in (dynasty and state), i, [205], [253]
Tuaregs, i, [154], [206]
Tudor, ii, [287]
Tuileries, ii, [319], [322], [328], [329]
Tulip tree, i, [51]
Tunis, i, [470], ii, [84], [470], [500]
Turanian language. (See Ural-Altaic languages)
Turanians, i, [158], [620], [627], ii, [29], [69], [122]
Turkestan, i, [153], [159], [206], [273], [317], [386], [387], [388], [428], [433], [546], [548], [549], [603], [618], [620], [627-29], [644], ii, [17], [24], [33], [71], [109], [113], [121], [127-28], [132], [261], [262], [608], [612]
Turkey, ii, [208], [366], [382], [440], [446], [483], [484], [500], [502], [521-22], [531], [623], [624].
(See also Turks)
Turkey, Great, ii, [114]
Turkhan Pasha, ii, [554]
Turkish fleet, ii, [140];
language and literature, i, [156], [627], ii, [122];
peoples, i, [541], [570], [627], ii, [28], [64], [66-72], [139-40], 261 (see also Turks);
princes, ii, [106], [124]
Turko-Finnic language, ii, [70]
Turko-Finnish peoples, i, [560], [606]
Turkomans, i, [551], ii, [132-33], [261], [471]
Turks, i, [388], [545], [618], [627], [629], [644], ii, [24], [34-35], [061], [106], [121-22], [617];
and the Crusades, ii, 78 sqq.;
Ottoman, i, [615], ii, [121] sqq., [138-40], [182-84], [193-94], [197], [200], [204-06], [233], [240], [249], [353], [447], [617], [620];
Seljuk, ii, [34], [39], [70], [114], [121], [615]
Turtles, i, [40], [46]
Tuscany, ii, [225], [236], [242]
Tusculum, i, [473]
Tushratta, King, i, [192], [200], [245]
Twelve Tables, the, i, [458], [487]
Tyler, Wat, ii, [156], [617]
Tylor, E. B., i, [131]
Tyndale, Bible of, i, [282]
Typhon (tī’ fon), Egyptian god, i, [236]
Tyrannosaurus (tī răn ō saw’ rŭs), i, [42]
Tyrants, i, [308]
Tyre, i, [196], [212], [216], [261], [264], [266], [279], [294], [331], [379], [380], [382-84], [401], [468], [569], [571], ii, [144], [244]
Tyrol, ii, [283], [564]
U
Uganda, i, [206], ii, [51], [460]
Uhud, battle of, ii, [9]
Uigurs (wē’ goorz), ii, [109]
Uintathere (ū in’ tă thēr), i, [53], [56]
Ukraine Cossacks, ii, [260]
Ukrainia (and Ukrainians), ii, [128-29], [244]
Ulm, ii, [362], [622]
Ulster, i, [110], ii, [432], [489-98]
Uncleanness, i, [126], [131]
“Unionist” party, ii, [495]
United Provinces.
(See Holland)
United Service Institution, ii, [567], [571]
United States, i, [37], [546], ii, [294], 297 sqq.;
constitution, i, [225], [520], ii, [293] sq., [314], [378], [621];
political and social conditions, i, [268], [308], [493], ii, [292-96], [326], [338], [344], [386-87], [395], [551];
slavery in, ii, [193], [293];
Declaration of Independence, ii, [293], [621];
treaty with Britain, ii, [293-94], [621];
Civil War, ii, [443], [623];
unity of, ii, [476];
modern foreign policy of, ii, [503-07];
in Great War, ii, [527], [583], [560-62].
(See also America)
Universal History, the, ii, [418], [419]
Universal law, ii, [215]
Universals, ii, [174]
Universe, ii, [418]
Universities, i, [613], ii, [37], [88], [168], [270], [390], [427]
University Commission, ii, [437]
Unterwalden (oon’ ter val den), ii, [199]
Ur, i, [195]
Ural mountains, i, [153], [549]
Ural-Altaic languages, i, [155], [156], [160], [164], [174], [299], [560];
people, i, [203]
Uranus (ūr’ ă nŭs), i, [4]
Urban II (pope), ii, [72], [74], [84], [97], [167], [615]
Urban VI (pope), ii, [100], [617]
Urfa, i, [621]
Uri, ii, [199]
Urns, i, [115]
Uruk, i, [195]
Urumiya (ū rū mē’ yă), lake, i, [318]
Ussher, Bishop, ii, [418]
Usury, i, [265]
Utica (ū’ ti kă), i, [212]
Utopias, i, [358], ii, [211]
Utrecht, ii, [229]
V
Vaisyas (vīs’ yăz), i, [269], [270]
Valais, i, [564]
Valenciennes, ii, [531]
Valens, Emperor, i, [554]
Valerian, Emperor, i, [528], [617], ii, [610]
Valladolid, ii, [207-09]
Valmy, battle of, ii, [330], [621]
Valona, ii, [524]
Value, i, [219], [220]
Van, i, [318]
Vandals, i, [540], [553], [556], [564], [606], [615], ii, [22], [611]
Varangians (vă răn’ ji ănz), ii, [67]
Varennes (vă ren’), ii, [323-25], [621]
Varro, i, [476]
Vasa (vä’ să), Gustava, ii, [234]
Vases, i, [213]
Vassalage, ii, [44]
Vatican, ii, [57], [84], [100]
Vaughan, ii, [310]
Vedas (vā’ dăz), i, [173], [182], [417], ii, [257]
Vegetarians, i, [182], [416]
Vegetation, i, [37], [38]
Veii (vē’ yī), i, [450], [459], [483], [485]
Vendée, ii, [333], [351]
Venetia, ii, [441], [445], [529]
Venezuela, ii, [505]
Venice (and the Venetians), ii, [76], [80], [81], [97], [117], [120], [126], [139], [180], [182], [184], [257], [351], [380], [529], [616], [621]
Venizelos (ven i zē’ los), ii, [522]
Venus, goddess, ii, [49]
Venus, planet, i, [4], [5]
Vera Cruz, ii, [444]
Verbal tradition, i, [230]
Verde, Cape, ii, [617]
Verde, Cape, Islands, ii, [188]
Verdun, ii, [329], [330], [509]
Verona, ii, [180], [332]
Versailles, ii, [238], [242], [248], [312-22], [446], [477], [556];
Peace of, ii, [560] sqq., [624]
Verulam, Lord.
(See Bacon, Sir Francis)
Vespasian (ves pā’ zhi ăn), i, [526], [535], [571], ii, [609]
Vessels of stone, i, [213]
Vesuvius, i, [505]
Via Flaminia, i, [471]
Victims, human, i, [588]
Victor Emmanuel, ii, [441], [623]
Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, i, [175], [531], ii, [228], [437], [438], [455], [482], [487], [622], [623]
Victory, flagship, ii, [362]
Vienna, ii, [126], [140], [205], [249], [371], [483], [568], [618], [620];
Congress of, ii, [370], [378], [379], [431], [436], [440], [453], [557], [622]
Vigilius, i, [558], [559]
Vikings (vik’ ingz), ii, [53], [67]
Village, the, i, [109], [256]
Vilna, ii, [386], [519]
Vimiero (vē mā’ ē roo), ii, [364]
Vinci (vin’ chē), Leonardo da, i, [13], [534], ii, [175], [183], [419], [523], [618]
Vindhya (vind’ yă) mountains, i, [420]
Vinland, ii, [185]
Virgil, i, [407], [448], [531]
Virginia, ii, [280], [283], [290], [292], [296], [300], [305], [306], [443]
Virtue, i, [351]
Visé, ii, [512]
Vishnu, i, [180], [437]
Visigoths, i, [550], [553], [559], [606], ii, [66], [611]
Vistula, ii, [112]
Vitellus, i, [526], ii, [609]
Vittoria, ship, ii, [188]
Viviparous animals, i, [54-55]
Vivisection, i, [403], [404], [490]
Vocabulary of man, i, [151]
Volga, i, [153], [159], [432], [560], [606], ii, [267]
Volscians, i, [458]
Volta, ii, [387]
Voltaire, F. M. A. de, ii, [238], [240], [264], [421], [620]
Votes, ii, [147]
Vowels, i, [304]
Voyages, i, [217-18], ii, [191]
Vulgate, the, i, [307]
W
Wages, i, [258], ii, [156]
Wagons, i, [170]
Waldenses, ii, [92], [94]
Waldo, ii, [92], [94]
Wales, i, [209], [605], ii, [40], [178]
Waley, Arthur, i, [157]
Walid (wa lēd’) I, ii, [28], [613]
Walid II, ii, [28], [613]
Wallace, William, ii, [178]
Wallenstein, ii, [235]
Walpole, Sir Robert, ii, [227]
Wang Yang Ming, i, [642]
War, Great.
(See Great War)
War and warfare, i, [171], [254], [256], [306],
[370-72], ii, [234], [424], [475-76], [481], [513] sqq., [567-70]
War of American Independence, ii, 291 sqq.
Warsaw, ii, [382]
Warwick, Lord, ii, [222]
Washington, i, [520], ii, [279], [301], [357], [392], [443]
Washington, George, ii, [292], [301], [303], [307], [353]
Water, i, [23], ii, [275]
Waterloo, ii, [371], [624]
Watt, James, ii, [275], [386], [392]
Watters, i, [541], [642], [645]
Wealden Valley, i, [73]
Weale, Putnam, ii, [461]
Weapons, i, [78], [108], [114], [196], [205]
Weaving, i, [105]
Wedmore, Treaty of, ii, [52], [54]
Wei dynasty, later, i, [633]
Wei-hai-wei (wā hī wā’), ii, [462], [469]
Wellesley, Marquis.
(See Mornington, Lord)
Wellesley, Sir Arthur.
(See Wellington, Duke of)
Wellington, Duke of, ii, [364], [371]
Wells, J., i, [458], [467], [470]
Welsh, the, ii, [244]
Welsh language, i, [168]
Wends, the, ii, [80]
Were-wolf, i, [124]
Wessex, ii, [40], [51], [614]
Western civilization, i, [636]
Westminster, i, [463], [489], ii, [159],

[182], [222], [225], [228]
Westphalia, Peace of, ii, [232], [236], [280]
Weyl, ii, [543]
Whales, i, [41]
Wheat, i, [113], [184], [186]
Wheeler, B. I., i, [359], [362], [367]
Whigs, ii, [288-89], [332]
Whistles, i, [115]
White Man’s Burthen, ii, [462]
Whitehall, ii, [222], [224], [568]
Wilberforce, Bishop, ii, [420]
Wilhelm I, German Emperor, ii, [482]
Wilhelm II, German Emperor, ii, [59], [60], [482-86], [623]
Wilhelm, Crown Prince of Germany, ii, [486]
Will and obedience, ii, [142-48]
William I, etc., Emperors of Germany.
(See Wilhelm)
William the Conqueror, i, [408], ii, [54], [66], [150], [615]
William III, Prince of Orange, ii, [226], [491-92], [620]
William IV, King of England, ii, [228]
William the Silent, ii, [229]
Williams, Harold, ii, [71]
Williams, S. Wells, i, [541]
Wilson, W., President of U. S. A., ii, [221], [284], [543-46], [550-57], [564-67]
Wiltshire, i, [110], [135]
Winckler, H., i, [192], [195], [246], [342]
Windsor, ii, [222]
Wine, ii, [281]
Wiriath, ii, [311], [326]
Wisby, ii, [180]
Witchcraft, i, [126], [374]
Withington, E. T., i, [403]
Wittenberg, ii, [156], [203], [618]
Woden, ii, [144]
Wolfe, General, ii, [254], [620]
Wolsey, Cardinal, ii, [202]
Wolves, i, [69], [448]
Women, i, [95], [99], [181], [232], [251], [309], ii, [13], [297]
Wood, i, [76]
Wood Age, i, [68]
Wood blocks, for printing, ii, [159]
Woodruff, Prof. L. L., i, [7]
Woodward, G. M., i, [50]
Woodward, Smith, i, [72]
Woolf, L. S., ii, [377], [543]
Woollen industry, ii, [275]
Workmen, ii, [404-407]
World (geographical), i, [341], [405], [406], ii, [187], [188], [191], [605];
(political), i, [397], [399], [400], ii, [278], [381], [385], [431], [449]
World, Old, nursery of mankind, i, [103]
World dominion (and unity), i, [374], [397], [399], ii, [72], [90], [211], [243], [246], [252], [261-262]
Worms, town, ii, [60]
Worms, Diet of, ii, [203], [618]
Worship, i, [130]
Wörth (vũrt), ii, [445]
Wright, W. B., i, [30], [63], [78], [96], [100], [101], [120]
Writing, i, [174], [176], [189], [197], [198], [207-208], [214], [223-31], [296], [421], [639], ii, [59]
Written word, i, [293]
Wu Ti, i, [548], ii, [609]
Wu Wang, i, [204]
Württemberg, i, [102], ii, [445]
Wycliffe, John, and his followers, ii, [96], [100], [150-53], [160], [171], [174], [202], [270], [272], [617]
X
Xavier (zā’ vi ũr), Francis, ii, [465]
Xenophanes (ze nof’ ă nēz), i, [13]
Xenophon, i, [342], [351], [357], [363], [399]
Xerxes (zũrk’ sēz), i, [334-42], [362], [385], [542], ii, [122], [607]
Y
Yanbu, i, [634]
Yang-chow, ii, [119]
Yang-tse valley, i, [205], [542]
Yang-tse-kiang (yäng tsē kyäng’), i, [201], [641]
Yarkand, i, [628], [643], ii, [610]
Yarmuk, ii, [18], [613]
Year, Moslem, ii, [8]; solar, i, [129]
Yeast, i, [172]
Yedo bay, ii, [466]
Yeliu Chutsai, ii, [110]
Yemen, i, [618], [624], ii, [3-4]
York, i, [529], ii, [221]
Yorkshire, ii, [154]
Yorktown, ii, [292]
Ypres (ē’ pr), ii, [229], [515], [516]
Yuan Chwang, i, [541], [642] sqq., ii, [22], [34], [106], [118], [612-13]
Yuan dynasty, ii, [114], [117], [127], [617]
Yucatan, i, [308], ii, [190]
Yueh-Chi, i, [548], [628], [643], ii, [618]
Yugo-Slavia (and Yugo-Slavs), i, [616], ii, [122], [380] sq., [484], [564], [566]
Yule, i, [541]
Yuste (yoos’ tā), ii, [207-09]
Z
Zadok, i, [287]
Zaid (zā’ id), ii, [12]
Zainib, ii, [12]
Zama (zā’ mă), i, [476-80], [482], ii, [608]
Zanzibar, ii, [187]
Zara, ii, [81]
Zarathustra (zā ră thoos’ tră).
(See Zoroaster)
Zebedee, i, [580]
Zeid (zīd), a slave, ii, [6]
Zend Avesta, i, [624]
Zenobia, i, [535], [617], ii, [610]
Zeppelin raids, ii, [519]
Zeus (zūs), i, [396], [412]
Zeuxis (zūk’ sis), i, [369]
Zimbabwe (zēm băb’ wā), ii, [459]
Zimmern, i, [305], [310], [343]
Zinc, i, [106]
Ziska, ii, [152]
Zodiac, i, [240]
Zollverein (tsol’ fer īn), ii, [488]
Zoroaster (zō rō ăs’ tũr) and Zoroastrianism, i, [533], [538], [617], [618], [624], [625], [626], [627], ii, [4], [14], [16], [29], [137]
Zoroastrian language, i, [626]
Zosimus (zōs’ i mŭs), i, [599]
Zulus, i, [219], [370]
Zyp, the, ii, [230]

Printed in the United States of America.