From the Indus to the Tigris

by H. W. Bellew

The materials from which the above Grammar and Vocabulary are compiled were collected during a rapid journey through the territories of the Khán of Calát—the Brahoe country—and tested, so far as opportunity offered, by reference to natives in different parts of the country, and by comparison with Eastwick’s “Epitome of the Grammars of the Brahuiky, Balochky, and Panjabi Languages.” It was my intention to have added some dialogues and phrases as a conclusion to the work. But to do so would extend the limits of this book to undue proportions, and delay its appearance indefinitely. I have therefore left this part of the work unfinished, and only offer the above synopsis in the hope that it may prove useful to the officers serving on the Sind Frontier; and if it should happily stimulate one amongst them to correct its errors, supply its deficiencies, and enlarge its scope, then the object of my labour will have been gained.

H. W. B.

APPENDIX.
B.
RECORD OF METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND ALTITUDES ON THE MARCH FROM THE INDUS TO THE TIGRIS, THROUGH BALOCHISTAN, AFGHANISTAN, SISTAN, KHORASSAN, AND IRAN.

Locality.	Date, 1872		Thermometer.			Distance —Miles.	Barometer.			Altitude —Feet.	Wind.	Weather.
	Month.	Day.	Max.	Mean.	Min.		Max.	Mean.	Min.
Sakkar,	Jan.	5		52				29·99				Fair.
Shikárpúr,	”	5	64	53	42	24		30·00				do.
Jacobabad,	”	7	64	61	59	26	30·02	29·81	29·42			do.
Barshori,	”	8	76	54	38	35	29·46	29·40	29·36	90		do.
Sanjarání,	”	9	78	56	41	13	29·41	29·35	29·30	160		do.
Kotra,	”	10	76	60	39	30	29·36	29·32	29·27	166		do.
Pirchhalta,	”	11	88	64	39	9	29·03	28·94	28·89	520		do.
Kuhaw,	”	12	76	62	56	12	28·71	28·63	28·59	810		do.
Hatáchi,	”	13	63	53	42	16	27·73	27·72	27·71	1710		do.
Narr,	”	14	72	53	36	16	26·74	26·71	26·68	2710		do.
Gorú,	”	15	78	44	25	13	25·78	25·73	25·67	3725	NW.	Cloudy.
Khozdár,	”	16	70	50	40	16	25·70	25·59	25·50	3870	do.	do.
Bághwána,	”	18	68	58	48	16	25·51	25·20	25·05	4290	do.	do.
Lákoryán,	”	19	56	45	38	26	24·45	24·18	24·00	5420	do.	Rain & sleet.
Súráb,	”	20	49	32	23	20	23·90	23·87	23·85	5770	do.	Cloudy.
Gandaghen,	”	21	44	20	10	13	23·87	23·71	23·60	5950	do.	do.
Rodinjo,	”	22	64	40	14	15	23·21	23·13	23·09	6625	do.	do.
Calát,	”	23	53	25	8	23	23·09	23·00	22·94	6780	do.	do.
Mungachar,	”	25	56	32	21	26	23·90	23·84	23·77	5700	do.	do.
Amánullah,	”	26	58	32	19	26	24·00	23·99	23·96	5630	do.	Slight rain.
Mastung Fort,	”	27	49	39	32	9	24·04	23·10	23·95	6662	do.	Cloudy.
Nishpá Pass,	”	28		32		18		23·67		6000	do.	Sleet & hail.
Sariáb,	”	28	53	43	38	11	23·94	23·88	23·80	5760	do.	Sleet & rain.
Shál Kot,	”	29	56	41	29	13	24·00	23·96	23·92	5660	do.	Cloudy.
Murghí Pass,	”	30		32		11		24·16		5440	do.	Sleet & hail.
Cushlác,	”	30	29	17	5	5	24·50	24·44	24·35	5125	do.	Snow.
Hykalzai,	Feb.	1	42	32	22	18	24·75	24·73	24·70	4800	do.	do.
Arambi,	”	2	44	32	19	15	24·59	24·54	24·51	4960	do.	do.
Churgha Khojak,	”	3	49	38	31	13	22·84	22·82	22·81	7000	do.	do.
Khojak Pass,	”	4		40		1½		22·47		7410	N.	Mist & sleet.
Cháokat Khojak,	”	4		40		1½		23·15		6600	do.	do.
Chaman,	”	4	46	37	26	4	24·10	24·05	24·00	5560	do.	Hail & sleet.
Gátaí,	”	5	50	37	28	22	25·50	25·48	25·45	3990	do.	Cloudy, hail.
Mel Mándah,	”	6	47	26	11	14	25·45	25·21	25·29	4100	do.	Fair.
Mákú,	”	7	50	37	31	18	25·94	25·92	25·90	3520	do.	Cloudy.
Mund Hissár,	”	8	50	38	32	16	26·19	26·15	26·12	3280	NW.	Cldy., snow.
Kandahar,	”	9	54	36	30	12	26·30	26·21	26·12	3220	do.	Cloudy, fair.
Kohkarán,	”	14	62	44	31	7	26·25	26·22	26·20	3210	do.	Fair.
Hanz Maddad,	”	15	76	45	30	18	26·48	26·37	26·29	3050	do.	do.
Chashma,	”	16	68	47	29	22	26·69	26·64	26·59	2780	do.	do.
Balakhán,	”	17	64	47	36	23	26·75	26·62	26·54	2700	NE.	Cloudy, rain.
Calá Búst,	”	18	84	46	29	28	27·00	26·90	26·85	2510	N.	Fair.
Hazárjuft,	”	20	74	45	31	40	27·10	27·06	27·02	2350	NW.	do.
Mian Pushta,	”	21	80	47	30	14	27·27	27·20	27·15	2210	do.	Cloudy.
Sufár,	”	22	74	55	42	18	27·21	27·19	27·16	2220	do.	Fair.
Banádir Jumá,	”	23	82	59	46	15	27·26	27·23	27·19	2180	do.	do.
Landi,	”	24	70	54	46	14	27·30	27·27	27·24	2140	W.	Cloudy, rain.
Calá Sabz,	”	25	86	63	52	22	27·24	27·22	27·18	2190	do.	Fair.
Mel Gudar,	”	26	74	60	50	23	27·28	27·28	27·24	2130	do.	Cloudy.
Landi Bárech,	”	27	64	53	46	36	27·54	27·44	27·38	1975	NW.	Rainy.
Rúdbár,	”	28	68	52	40	17	27·60	27·58	27·56	1830	do.	Cloudy, fair.
Calá Ján Beg,	”	29	70	55	40	28	27·66	27·62	27·60	1790	do.	Fair.
Chárburjak,	Mar.	1	73	54	40	14	27·75	27·69	27·65	1720	do.	do.
Bandar Trákú,	”	2	77	57	42	13	27·68	27·67	27·66	1740	do.	do.
Daki Dela,	”	3	80	65	55	14	27·56	27·55	27·54	1860	S.	Cloudy.
Cabri Hájí,	”	4	84	69	55	12	27·61	27·52	27·46	1890	do.	do.
Burj ’Alam,	”	5	80	62	50	19	27·60	27·58	27·56	1830	SW.	Fair, cloudy.
Wásilán,	”	6	76	60	40	7	27·59	27·55	27·51	1860	NW.	Cloudy.
Nasírabad,	”	7	78	63	51	12	27·75	27·64	27·59	1770	N.	Cldy. & gusty.
Banjár,	”	8	74	46	43	6	28·04	27·88	27·65	1540	do.	do.
Bolay,	”	11	74	55	46	7	27·90	27·84	27·80	1680	do.	Cloudy.
Silyán,	”	13	70	54	39	28	27·79	27·76	27·70	1650	do.	Cloudy, fair.
Lásh,	”	15	96	54	34	18	27·79	27·69	27·60	1720	do.	do.
Panjdih,	”	18	83	62	50	6	27·69	27·59	27·50	1820	NW.	Cloudy.
Khúshkrodak,	”	19	83	63	50	16	27·50	27·49	27·49	1920	do.	Fair.
Calá Koh,	”	20	94	65	52	15	27·40	27·39	27·38	2020	do.	do.
Harút Rúd,	”	21	92	76	65	15	27·39	27·30	27·22	2110	SW.	Cloudy.
Cháhi Sagak,	”	22	78	66	56	24	26·25	26·23	26·22	3200	NW.	do.
Cháhi Pass,	”	23		54		5		25·59		3870	do.	Cloudy, rain.
Duroh,	”	23	66	57	50	23	25·50	25·48	25·45	3990	do.	do.
Husenabad,	”	24	66	50	38	27	25·09	25·01	24·96	4500	W.	do.
Sarbesha,	”	26	54	40	28	29	23·70	23·68	23·60	5990	NW.	do.
Múd,	”	28	71	46	31	22	23·61	23·58	23·57	6100	do.	Cloudy.
Birjand,	”	29	80	56	37	25	24·79	24·66	24·56	4880	N.	Cloudy, fair.
Ghíbk,	April	2	61	41	32	18	23·12	23·11	23·10	6650	do.	Cloudy, rain.
Sihdib,	”	4	64	46	33	18	24·07	24·03	24·0	5586	NW.	do.
Rúm,	”	5	60	48	36	10	23·90	23·90	23·90	5735	do.	do.
Kharbáj Pass,	”	6		43		7		23·20		6550	do.	Cloudy.
Gháyn,	”	6	70	52	35	15	24·76	24·68	24·61	4860	do.	Cldy. & stmy.
Girimunj,	”	9	52	44	37	22	24·50	24·50	24·50	5060	W.	Fair.
Dashtí Pyáz,	”	10	80	53	35	15	24·26	24·18	24·11	5420	N.	Cloudy, rain.
Kakhak,	”	13	64	49	45	16	24·24	24·22	24·20	5375	do.	Fair.
Zihbad,	”	14	88	67	57	16	24·55	24·51	24·48	5050	do.	Cloudy.
Bijistan,	”	15	84	65	47	28	25·24	25·18	25·13	4310	NW.	Rainy.
Yrínasi,	”	17	80	59	45	26	26·61	26·56	26·48	2860	N.	Fair.
Abdullahabad,	”	18	89	61	51	25	26·20	26·11	26·05	3325	NW.	Cloudy.
Turbat Hydari,	”	20	82	56	40	32	25·04	24·95	24·90	4562	do.	Rainy.
Baidár Pass,	”	23		46		10		23·74		5920	do.	Rain.
Gudari Baidár,	”	23		40		7		22·70		7134	do.	do.
Asudábád,	”	23	49	43	40	11	23·89	23·85	23·82	5790	do.	do.
Gudari Rúkh,	”	24		42		6		22·85		6962	do.	Cloudy, rain.
Rabáti Sufed,	”	24		50		6		23·82		5825	do.	Cloudy.
Káfir Calá,	”	24		50		6		24·53		5025	do.	do.
Sharífabad,	”	24	62	49	44	16	24·70	24·68	24·63	4860	do.	Rain.
Mashhad,	”	25	94	54	43	24	26·40	26·25	26·07	3180	do.	Rainy.
Jágharc,	May	3	64	54	46	20	24·90	24·87	24·83	4650	do.	do.
Nishabor Pass,	”	4		50		14		20·90		9390	W.	Fair, cloudy.
Dihrúd,	”	4	62	61	59	10	24·34	24·29	24·22	5290	do.	Cloudy.
Nishabor,	”	5	75	56	49	22	25·60	25·47	25·37	4000	do.	Rainy.
Záminabad,	”	7	80	52	40	16	25·96	25·90	25·80	3540	SW.	Cloudy.
Shoráb,	”	8	69	50	45	9	25·47	25·45	25·42	4020	S.	Fair.
Záfaráni,	”	9	82	73	60	18	26·12	25·88	25·90	3562	SE.	do.
Sabzwár,	”	11	82	67	59	25	26·20	26·12	26·04	3312	do.	Fair, cloudy.
Mihr,	”	13	84	74	69	33	26·09	26·02	25·98	3380	do.	Fair.
Mazinán,	”	14	74	67	58	20	26·64	26·61	26·60	2810	SW.	do.
Abbasabad,	”	15	86	74	56	23	26·54	26·51	26·49	2910	do.	do.
Miandasht,	”	16	75	63	54	22	25·40	25·37	25·32	4110	W.	Storm & rain.
Miánmay,	”	17	76	58	54	24	25·90	25·83	25·75	3620	NW.	Rain.
Shahrúd,	”	18	82	63	51	41	25·20	25·64	24·85	3820	do.	Cldy., rainy.
Dihmulla,	”	24	70	63	58	16	25·90	25·87	25·83	3575	W.	Fair.
Damghán,	”	25	86	62	50	26	25·80	25·77	25·75	3680	do.	do.
Khúsha,	”	26	85	65	53	23	25·25	25·23	25·20	4260	do.	Cloudy.
Ahuán,	”	27	73	58	47	24	23·30	23·24	23·25	6500	do.	Cloudy, fair.
Samnán,	”	28	92	70	60	24	25·51	25·46	25·38	4010	NW.	Fair, cloudy.
Lásjird,	”	30	84	73	68	22	25·32	25·24	25·22	4150	W.	Fair.
Dih Namak,	”	31	91	84	76	25	26·55	26·47	26·43	2950	do.	Gusty & dusty
Kishlác,	June	1	88	76	80	24	26·52	26·46	26·42	2960	NW.	do.
Aywáni Kyf,	”	2	88	75	56	21	25·81	25·70	25·60	3760	do.	Fair.
Khátúnabad,	”	4	82	72	56	27	26·10	26·04	25·98	3400	W.	do.
Gulahak,	”	5	76	72	55	18	24·69	24·62	24·53	4925	do.	do.
Tahrán,	”	8	76	72	69	8	25·64	25·61	25·60	3850	do.	do.
Rábút Karím,	”	9	88	78	70	29	25·87	25·85	25·81	3600	do.	do.
Khanabad,	”	10	96	75	59	33	25·23	25·19	25·15	4300	NE.	Warm, fair.
Khushkak,	”	11	72	64	56	26	24·23	24·19	24·15	5410	W.	Cl’dless sky.
Novarán,	”	12	73	61	54	36	24·08	24·06	24·04	5550	None	Warm, fair.
Zaráh,	”	13	94	58	50	32	24·20	24·15	24·10	5450	do.	do.
Mílagard,	”	14	90	64	48	20	24·06	24·05	24·05	5562	do.	do.
Hamadán,	”	15	81	71	60	36	23·60	23·53	23·50	6162	do.	do.
Asadabad,	”	17	83	71	60	32	24·05	24·04	24·01	5575	do.	do.
Kangawár,	”	18	78	65	51	25	24·49	24·44	24·41	5125	do.	do.
Sahnah,	”	19	87	70	52	23	24·87	24·84	24·80	4680	do.	do.
Besitun,	”	20	88	66	52	18	25·10	25·04	25·00	4462	do.	do.
Kirmánshah,	”	21	94	68	40	28	24·75	24·70	24·66	4837	do.	do.
Mydasht,	”	23	71	64	48	23	24·68	24·66	24·64	4880	do.	do.
Hárúnabad,	”	24	79	68	50	28	24·90	24·88	24·85	4640	W.	Gusty day.
Karriud,	”	25	79	72	56	24	24·46	24·36	24·30	5212	None	Fair.
		Tent
Pul Zuháb,	”	26	102	76	60	32	27·22	27·19	27·16	2220	W.	Fair, hot.
Casri Shirin,	”	27	103	86	68	24	27·84	27·79	27·76	1625	do.	Hot day.
Hájí Cara,	”	28	108	84	64	24	28·49	28·39	28·30	1040	WN.	do.
Sherabad,	July	8	102	98	92	45	28·70	28·70	28·70	750	None	Fair, hot.
Bácúba,	”	9	106	98	92	32	29·20	29·20	29·20	270	do.	do.
Baghdad,	”	10	109	92	76	40	29·42	29·36	29·30	130	W.	do.

N.B.—The indications of the thermometer were recorded from an instrument placed against the wall of a tent.

The distances have been reckoned at the pace of our riding-horses, at the rate of four miles an hour.

The altitudes have been calculated approximately from the mean of the daily indications of an aneroid barometer, usually suspended in the shade of a tent.

H. W. B.