The Animal Parasites of Man

by Harold Benjamin Fantham; Max Braun; J. W. W. Stephens; Fred. V. Theobald

Burbot (Lota vulgaris), muscles of trunk containing plerocercoid, [313]
Burfield, bilharziasis of appendix, [642]
Bursa copulatrix of male nematodes, [370]
Buschmucker, mite attacking man, [486]
Bütschli, O., on Gregarines, [130]
— — on Myxosporidia, [181]
[C.]
Cæca, intestinal, of nematodes, [364]
Cæcum, cysts of, œsophagostomum contained in, [441], [443], [444]
Caffarena, echinococcus cysts causing urticaria, [652]
Cairo, fresh-water molluscs round, cercariæ of bilharzia type in, [277]
Calandruccio, experimental infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, [465]
— — self-infection with Oxyuris vermicularis, [469]
— on experimental amœbic infection, [30]
Calcium oxalate crystals in endoplasm of Lithocystis, [131]
— salts, internal administration for cutaneous and muscular cysticerci, [663]
Caligus curtus invading cornea (footnote), [483]
Calkins on cultural amœbæ, [42]
— on genus Craigia, [45]
— on vaccinia and variola, [208]
Calliobothrium, larval stage, [305]
Calomel in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
— in flagellate dysentery, [624], [625]
— in intestinal myiasis, [728]
— insufflations of, in nasal myiasis, [719]
— — — — following cocainization of nose, [720]
Calvertina, characters, [562], [570]
Camels, “surra” in, [95]
Canaries, susceptibility to infection by Plasmodium relictum, [170]
Cancer, association with invasion by Opisthorchis felineus, [254]
— of oral cavity, association of Entamœba buccalis with, [43]
Canestrini and Kramer, species of Demodex, [522]
— — — of Sarcoptes enumerated by, [518]
Canguary, synonym of Brazilian trypanosomiasis, [87]
Canterbury Cathedral, Argas reflexus formerly abundant in, [506]
Cantlie, J., sand flies biting in Hampshire, [579]
Cape ailment (Port Natal sickness), [488]
Cappez, nematodes in human eye, [412]
Carbolic acid clearing agent for flukes, [471]
— — injection in creeping disease, [731]
Carbon dioxide snow, application in Oriental sore, [628]
Carceag in sheep, cause of, [177]
Cardiac form of Brazilian trypanosomiasis, [88]
— stimulants in Asiatic relapsing fever, [631]
Caries, dental, association of Entamœba buccalis with, [43]
— — — — kartulisi with, [44]
Carini, cysts in lungs of rats, [90]
— phagedænic amœbæ, [733]
— treatment of espundia, [629]
Carlsbad water in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Carmine, acetic-alum, solution of, in staining flukes, [471]
— solutions of, in staining flukes, [471]
Caryophyllæus, larvæ of, [305]
Casagrandi and Barbagallo, Entamœbæ, [31], [33]
Castellani, A., demonstration of trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid from sleeping sickness, [68]
— — experimental production of copra itch, [513]
— — Nyctotherus africanus, [206]
— — Toxoplasma pyrogenes, [113]
— — Treponema pertenue, [127]
— and Chalmers, on Rhinosporidium in Ceylon, [197]
— — — treatment of relapsing fever, [630], [631]
— — — of balantidian dysentery, [637]
— — — of gangrenous dysentery, [619]
— — — of Indian kala-azar, [626]
— — — of infantile kala-azar, [627]
— — — of malaria, [635]
— — — of Oriental sore, [628]
— — — of sleeping sickness, [622]
— — types of amœbic dysentery, [618]
Castor oil in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
— — in flagellate dysentery, [625]
— — preliminary administration in amœbic dysentery, [619]
Cat, Dipylidium caninum parasitic in, [322]
— flea, see Ctenocephalus felis
— host of Dibothriocephalus latus, [313]
— — of Paragonimus kellecotti, [251]
— infected with Dipylidium caninum through skin parasites, [323]
— intestine of, Isospora bigemina parasitic in, [149]
— parasites found only in, [6]
— production of dysentery in, by infection with amœbæ, [30], [35]
— — of enteritis in, by injection of amœbæ into, [36], [37]
— Tænia echinococcus in, [356]
— and dog, parasites common to, [6]
Catageiomyia, characters, [563]
Cataphoresis in creeping disease, [731]
Cataract, association of Filaria oculi humani with, [406]
Catarrh, intestinal, associated with Balantidium coli, [201]
Caterpillars, larvæ living in, discovery of, [10]
Cathæmasia (Distoma) hians, progeny of, discovery, [12]
Cattle, disease in, caused by Anaplasma organisms, [180]
— East Coast fever in, cause of, [178]
— — — — pathogenic agent, [174]
— European red-water fever in, cause of, [177]
— gall-sickness in, cause of, [180]
— — supposed causal agent, [98]
— infectious hæmoglobinuria in, cause of, [177]
— migrations of larvæ of Hypoderma bovis in body of, [595]
— nagana prevalent among, and generally fatal to, [93], [94]
— organs infected with echinococcus, percentage of frequency, [347]
— red dysentery in, cause of, [147]
— Rhodesian fever in, carriers of, [494]
— “surra” in, [95]
— Texas or red-water fever in, carrier of, [494]
— — — — causal agent, [173]
— Trypanosoma vivax fatal to, [99]
Caullery and Mesnil, Actinomyxidia, [187]
— — Haplosporidia, [194]
Caval system, means of access of Schistosoma hæmatobium to, [272]
— — Schistosoma hæmatobium in, [274]
Cedar-wood oil, mounting agent for flukes, [471]
Cell inclusions, [207], [208]
Celli, discovery of movements in malarial parasites, [157]
— and Fiocca, species of amœba distinguished by, [31]
Cellia, characters, [562], [569]
Centrorhyncus, [581]
Cephalina, morphology and hosts of, [135]
Cephalodiscus nigrescens, [195]
Ceratixodes, characters of, [497]
— hosts of, [497]
Ceratomyxa, [184]
Ceratophyllus anisus, [548]
— distinctive characters, [545]
— fasciatus, carrier of plague bacillus, [543], [547]
— — development of crithidial forms of Trypanosoma lewisi in rectum of, [91], [93]
— — transmission of Trypanosoma lewisi by, [88]
— londiniensis, [548]
Ceratopogoninæ (midges), characters of, [580]
— geographical distribution, [580], [581]
Cercaria bilharzia, characters, [754]
— bilharziella, characters, [754]
Cercariæ, bilharzia type, in fresh-water molluscs round Cairo, [277]
— (larval stages) of Trematodes, [225], [227], [228]
— origin of, early views as to, [12]
Cercomonadidæ, [61]
Cercomonads, encysted stages of, [62]
— presence in intestine, [62]
Cercomonas, characters, [61], [736]
— hominis, [61], [736]
— — characters, [61]
— — flagellum of, [61], [62]
— intestinalis, characters of, [54]
— longicauda, [736]
— parva, [737]
— vaginalis, [62]
Cereals, mites infesting, effects on man, [489]
Cerebrospinal fluid from cases of sleeping sickness, trypanosomes in, [68]
Cesspools, screening against mosquitoes, [636]
Cestoda, animal nature of, always known, [282]
— cirrus pouch, [295]
— cortical layer, [289]
— development of, [13]
— developmental cycle of, discovery, [16]
— — direct, [17]
Cestoda, egg-shell substance, [297]
— eggs of, [297]
— excretory apparatus, [291]
— — vessels, collecting tubes, [291]
— — — — — frontal anastomosis, [291]
— — — — — island formation, [292]
— fixation, staining and clearing of, [472]
— genital apparatus, [293]
— — — female, [295]
— — — male, [293], [294]
— — papilla, [295]
— infection by, [644]
— life spent in intermediate and final host, [18]
— loss of digestive system in, [3]
— medullary layer, [289]
— myoblasts, [289]
— nervous system of, [289], [290]
— of man, [309]
— — classification, [308]
— — relative frequency, [342]
— ovaries, [295]
— oviduct, [295]
— — course and situation, [295], [296]
— parauterine organs or uterine capsules, [297]
— preservation and examination of, [472]
— relation to Turbellaria, [19]
— rostellum, [289]
— segmented and single-jointed connection, [20]
— sexual orifice, male, [295]
— suckers, [289]
— testes, [293]
— uterus of, [296]
— — parenchymal capsules, [296]
— vagina, [295]
— vas deferens, [294]
Cestode tuberculosis, acute, [303]
Cestodes, see Cestoda (above)
Chagas, morphology and life-history of Trypanosoma cruzi, [84–87]
— multiplication of Trypanosoma cruzi in vertebrate host, [85]
— on Cercomonas parva, [737]
— researches on Brazilian trypanosomiasis, [87], [88]
— reservoir of Trypanosoma cruzi, [87]
— schizotrypanosomiasis, [88]
— Trypanosoma cruzi, [83]
Chagasia, characters, [562], [570]
Chagas’s disease, see Trypanosomiasis, Brazilian
Chalazion due to infection by Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Chalmers and O’Farrell, treatment of bronchial spirochætosis, [633]
— — see also Castellani and Chalmers
Chatin, Metastrongylus apri in human intestine, [433]
Chatterjee, Pentatrichomonas bengalensis, [624], [735]
Chatton and Lalung-Bonnaire, entamœbæ of vertebrates, [34]
Cheese-fly, [583]
Chelifer cancroides, pseudoparasite in man (footnote), [484]
Cheyletus, characters, [516]
— méricourti, [517]
Chiari, case of Oxyuridæ in nose, [696]
Chiastopsylla, distinctive characters, [545]
Chicken cholera, possible carrier of, [579]
Chigoe, see Dermatophilus penetrans
Children, administration of male fern to, [671], [672]
— Dipylidium caninum infection prevalent in, [322], [659], [660]
— enteritis verminosa in, [688]
— flagellate dysentery in, [56]
— invasion by Hymenolepis nana, [324], [661]
— lymphangitic attacks in, from Filaria bancrofti infection, [676]
— native, carriers of malarial parasites, [636]
— — latent malaria in, [158]
— oxyuriasis in, [695]
— — treatment, [697], [698]
— young, prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides in, in temperate climates, [464]
Chilodon dentatus, [206]
— uncinatus, [206]
Chilodon-like organisms found in gonorrhœa, [206]
Chilomastix and Tetramitus, differential characters, [735], [736]
— (Tetramitus) mesnili, [57], [735]
— — — diagrams of, [736]
China, North, sand flies and fever due to them in, [613]
Chironomidæ (midges), distinguishing characters from mosquitoes, [579]
— — larvæ of, [579]
Chironomus, wing of, [579]
Chlamydophrys, [47], [759]
— characters of, [47]
— enchelys, asexual multiplication in fæces, [47]
— — characters of, [47]
— — encysted form, [48], [49]
— — free motile form and dividing organisms, [47], [48]
— — habitat, [47]
— — plasmogamic union, [48]
— —sexual multiplication, [48]
— stercorea, [47]
— — see also Chlamydophrys enchelys
Chlamydozoa, [207], [210]
— characteristic features, [208]
— granules of, filtration experiments with, [209]
— mode of division, [209]
— possible cultivation, [210]
— relationship of, [210]
— systematic position, [210]
— tissues inhabited by, [209]
Chlamydozoon, life-history of, [209]
Chloroform, administration in expulsion of ancylostomes, [686], [687]
— as tapeworm drug, [674]
— hypodermic injection in creeping disease, [731]
— in expulsion of guinea-worm, [676]
— injections or inhalations in nasal myiasis, [720]
Chloromyxidæ, [184]
Chloromyxum leydigi, trophozoite of, [182]
Choanoflagellata, [52]
Cholera Investigation Commission, work of, with regard to dysentery, [30]
— motions, spirochætes found in, [122]
— spread by house-fly, [586]
Cholodkowsky, “wormlet” burrowing into human epidermis, [599]
Chorea, case of, cured after expulsion of Tænia, [648]
Chorion enveloping ova of nematodes, [371]
Chorioptes bovis, [521]
— characters, [517]
— species found on man, [521]
Christophers, on Babesia canis, [176], [177]
— on Leucocytogregarina canis, [155]
— see Stephens and Christophers
Christopherson, J. B., case of espundia, [108], [628]
Chrithoptes monunguiculosus, [489]
Chromidial apparatus of protozoa, [26]
Chrysoconops, [577]
Chrysomela hæmoptera, gregarine from, [131]
Chrysomyia and Pycnosoma, distinguishing features, [588]
— (Compsomyia) macellaria (screw-worm fly), [587]
— — — — — larvæ of, invasion by, fatal results from, [587]
— — — — — — regions of body invaded by, [587]
— — — — — references to, [587]
— — — — — synonyms, [587]
— viridula, characters of, [588]
— — larvæ (maggots) of, discharged from nose, [588]
Chrysops host of Filaria loa, [601]
— dimidiata, [601]
— silacea, [601]
— transmission of surra by, [601]
Chrystia, characters, [562], [568]
Chyluria, association of Hymenolepis madagascarensis with, [662]
— following infection by Eustrongylus gigas, [683]
— — — by Hymenolepis nana, [661]
— from Filaria bancrofti infection, [677]
— — treatment, [677]
— in filariasis, [402]
— without lymphatic obstruction, [401]
Cigarettes, paper, smoking of, in nasal myiasis, [719]
Ciliata, [198]
— classification, [199]
— macro-nucleus and micro-nucleus of, [198]
— morphology of, [198]
— peristome of, [198]
— reproduction of, [198]
Ciliophora, [198]
Cimex (Acanthia) lectularia (bed bug), see Cimex lectularius (following)
— boneti, host of Trypanosoma cruzi, [87]
— ciliatus, [537]
Cimex columbarius, [536]
— — bite of, [536]
— hirundinis (swallow bug), [537]
— lectularius (bed bug), artificial host of Trypanosoma cruzi, [87]
— — — — bite of, treatment, [713]
— — — — blood-sucking, [535]
— — — — characters and habits, [534]
— — — — extermination of, [713]
— — — — infection by, [713]
— — — — — diagnosis, [713]
— — — — larval stage, [535]
— — — — ova of, [535]
— — — — peculiar odour emitted by, [535]
— — — — persistent accompaniment of man by, [535]
— — — — possible transmission of kala-azar by, [107], [713]
— — — — transmission of Spirochæta recurrentis by, [120], [121]
— macrocephalus, [536]
— rotundatus (tropical bed bug), [535], [536]
— — — — — carrier of virus of poliomyelitis, [536]
— — — — — geographical distribution, [536]
— — — — — points of distinction from C. lectularius, [536]
— — — — — possible connection with kala-azar, [536]
— sp., connection with Oriental sore, [536]
Cimicidæ, characters, [534]
Circulatory system, disturbances of, in ancylostomiasis, [683]
Cisterns, screening against mosquitoes, [636]
Cladorchiinæ, [231], [234]
— male and female organs, [234]
— morphology, [234]
Clark, see Howard and Clark
Clasping and clinging organs in permanent parasites, [4]
Climates, temperate, prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides in young children in, [464]
Clonorchis endemicus, geographical distribution, [260]
— — habitat and hosts of, [259]
— — intermediate host of, first unknown, [261]
— — — — second, [261]
— — life-history, [261]
— — morphology, [259]
— — synonyms, [259]
— morphology, [258]
— sinensis, geographical distribution, [259]
— — habitat and hosts of, [259]
— — infection by, [640]
— — — diagnosis, [641]
— — — prophylaxis against, [641]
— — — symptoms, [640], [641]
— — — treatment, symptomatic, [641]
— — morphology, [258], [259]
— — organs of, diagram showing, [259]
— — ova of, [259]
— — sites of invasion in body, [640]
Cloquet, destruction of eyes by Sarcophaga larvæ, [723]
Clothes louse, see Pediculus vestimenti
Cnidosporidia, [129], [194]
Cobbold, Ligula mansoni, [318]
Cocaine, application, followed by calomel insufflations, in nasal myiasis, [720]
— hypodermic injection in creeping disease, [731]
Coccidæ (scale insects), [532]
Coccidia, copulation in, [137]
— experimental infection with, [136]
— ova of helminthes mistaken for (footnote), [137]
— pathogenicity of, [136]
Coccidia-like organisms in various diseases of man, [150]
Coccidiidea, [129], [135], [137]
— characters and habitat, [28]
— classification of, [141]
— gametes of, [137], [139], [140]
— hosts of, [137]
— life-cycle of, [138–141]
— macrogametes, [139], [140]
— merozoites of, [138], [139], [140]
— microgametes of, [137], [139], [140]
— morphology of, [138]
— occurrence, [137]
— oöcysts of, [141]
— schizogony in, [138]
— sporoblasts and sporocyst of, [141]
— sporozoites of, [138], [139], [140]

Coccidioides immitis, [150]
— pyogenes, [150]
Coccidiomorpha, [129], [151]
Coccidiosis, avian, [142–145]
— diagnosis of, [742]
— human, doubtful cases, [149]
— — hepatic cases, [148]
— — intestinal cases, [148]
— in cattle, [147], [741]
— in rabbits, intestinal and hepatic, [145], [147]
— rinderpest mistaken for, [741]
Coccidium jalinum, [150]
— — hosts of, [150]
Cochin-China diarrhœa, see Diarrhœa (Cochin-China)
Cockchafer, intermediate host of Echinorhynchus gigas, [477]
Cocoons of Hirudinea, [481]
Cod-liver oil, inunctions of, in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [698]
Cœlosporidium, [195]
Cœnurus, definition of, [301]
— cerebralis, experimental rearing of tapeworms from, [15]
— — reared experimentally, [15]
— section showing cephalic invaginations, [304]
— scolices in, [303]
Coleoptera, characters, [531], [532]
— larvæ of, accidental parasites, [542]
Colitis associated with Balantidium coli, [201]
— — with intestinal amœbæ, [30]
— mucous, complicating intestinal myiasis, [726], [727]
Collargol in balantidian dysentery, [637]
Collargol, irrigation of lower bowel with, in gangrenous dysentery, [619]
— rectal administration in bilharziasis, [643]
Colon, cysts of, Œsophagostomum contained in, [441], [443], [444]
— descending, means of access of Schistostoma hæmatobium to, [272]
Colorada, mite attacking man, [486]
Colpoda cucullus, [204]
Comedones, removal in infection by Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Commensals, [6], [20]
— nature of, [6]
Congo floor maggot, [593], [594]
Conjunctiva, dipterous larvæ in, [716]
— trachoma bodies in infected epithelial cells of, [209]
Conjunctivitis due to head louse infection, [710]
Connective tissue, subcutaneous invasion by Loa loa, [678]
Conorhinus megistus intermediate host of Trypanosoma cruzi, [83], [537]
— — see Triatoma megista
— nigrovarius, bite of, [539]
— protractus, [539]
— renggeri (great black bug of Pampas), blood-sucking, [539]
— rubrofasciatus, bite of, [538]
— — trypanosome inhabiting, [99]
— sanguisuga (blood-sucking cone nose), bite of, [537], [538]
— — — — — ova of, [538]
— sp. (?), bite of, symptoms following, [538]
— variegatus, [539]
Conseil, mode of transmission of relapsing fever, [120]
Constipation, prevention during malarial attacks, [635]
— set up by Ascarides, [657]
Copaiva balsam in bilharziasis, [643]
Copper, black oxide of, as tapeworm drug, [674]
Copra itch, mite causing, [513]
— — treatment, [513]
Copulation, modes of, in tapeworms, [297]
Cordylobia anthropophaga, characters, [592]
— — geographical distribution, [593]
— — hosts of, [592]
— — larvæ of, characters, [592]
— — — lesions set up by invasion, [592]
— — life-history, [592]
— — references to, [593]
— grünbergi, larvæ, characters, [591], [592]
— — synonyms, [591]
— rodhani, [593]
— — geographical distribution, [593]
Coreotrypanosis, [87]
Corethra, [565]
Corethrina, [565]
Coriscus subcoleoptratus, bite of, [540]
— — geographical distribution, [540]
— — synonyms, [540]
Cornea, parasitic crustacean (Caligus curtus) invading, [483]
Cortical layer of Cestoda, [289]
Councilman and Lafleur on nomenclature of amœbæ, [31]
Couret and Walker, J., culture medium for intestinal amœbæ, [743], [744]
Couvy, Spirochæta gallinarum, [119]
— see Marchoux and Couvy
Cover-slip preparations, [748]
Cows attacked by Leptus autumnalis, [486]
Crab louse, see Phthirius inguinalis
Craig, C. F., on Entamœba histolytica, [37], [41]
— — on Paramœba (Craigia) hominis, [44], [45]
Craigia hominis, [45], [734]
— migrans, [734]
Craigiasis, [734]
— nature of, [734]
Crane-fly, Gregarina longa from larva of, [130]
Craw-craw (filaria infection of the skin), [378], [514]
Crawley, experimental infection with Sarcocystis, [192]
— movements of gregarines, [131]
Creeping disease, cases of, various authors reporting, [729]
— — clinical symptoms, [730]
— — duration, [731]
— — localization of, [730]
— — mode of origin, [729], [730]
— — synonyms, [729]
— — treatment, [731]
— — — methods reported by various authors, [731]
— eruptions, [599]
Creosote in bronchial spirochætosis, [633]
— mounting agent for flukes, [471]
Creplin, discovery of progeny of Diphyllobothrium (Bothriocephalus) ditremum, [13]
— psorosperms, [181]
Cristina and Caronia, treatment of infantile kala-azar, [627]
Crithidia, [67], [103]
— inoculation experiments with, [104], [738]
— fasciculata, [104]
— — host of, [104]
— gerridis, [738]
— hosts of, [104]
— hyalommæ, [104]
— melophagia, host of, [104]
— morphology, [104]
— natural flagellates of Arthropoda, [104]
Crustacea, parasitic, change of original features in, [4]
— — loss of digestive system in, [3]
— — or free-living, invading man abnormally (footnote), [483]
Csokor, mode of infection in intestinal myiasis, [727]
Ctenocephalus canis, herpetomonad inhabiting, [103]
— — transmission of Trypanosoma lewisi by, [88], [90], [92]
— distinctive characters, [545]
— felis (cat flea), [547]
Ctenocephalus, hosts of, [547]
Ctenophthalmus, distinctive characters, [545]
Ctenopsylla, [548]
— distinctive characters, [545]
— musculi, transmission of Trypanosoma lewisi by, [90]
Cucumber seeds in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Culex and Anopheles, larvæ of, position in water compared, [554]
— — ova of, method of depositing compared, [554]
— — points of difference between, [551]
— characters, [564]
— fatigans (common tropical gnat), distinguishing character, [576]
— — transmission of Filariæ by, [576]
— head of male and female, [549], [556]
— human malaria not spread by species of, [158]
— larva of, [553]
— ova of, [557], [558]
— pipiens (common gnat), [575]
— — characters, [576]
— — ova of, localities selected for deposition, [553]
— species of, development of Plasmodium relictum in, [170]
Culicidæ, classification of, [561]
— number of species, [552]
— scales of, [560]
Culicinæ, characters, [563], [571]
Culicoides, blood-sucking habits of, [580]
— larvæ of, [580]
— ornatus, bite of, [581]
— possible carrier of germ of Delhi boil, [580]
— pupæ of, [580]
Culture media for amœbæ, [742]
— — for blood protozoa, [744]
Cunningham, discovery of intestinal amœbæ, [29]
Cutaneous glands, unicellular, of nematodes, [361]
— tumours due to cysticerci, characteristics of, [662], [663]
Cyclasterium, [208]
Cyclocœlum mutabile, progeny of, discovery, [12]
Cycloleppteron, characters, [561], [567]
Cyclophyllidea, [308]
Cyclopidæ, characters, [390]
Cyclops, characters, [390]
— intermediate host of Dracunculus medinensis, [388]
— virescens, [389]
Cyclospora, [141]
Cyrtoneura stabulans, larvæ of, habitat, [585]
Cysticerci, cutaneous and muscular, symptoms set up by, [663]
— — — treatment, [663]
— development from oncosphere of Tæniidæ, [303]
— early researches on, [282]
— experimentally reared from tapeworms, [15]
— number of, in relation to species of Tæniæ, [16]
— origin of, [14]
— regions of body site of, [663], [664]
— subretinal, [664]
— tapeworms experimentally reared from, [15]
Cysticercoid, morphology of, diagram showing, [301]
Cysticercoids, echinococcus-like conditions in, [304]
Cysticercus acanthotrias, [336]
— — and C. cellulosæ, [336], [337]
— bovis, [340]
— — amount of prevalence in ox, [340], [341]
— — — — — in Prussia and Berlin, [341]
— — artificial infection of human beings with, [340]
— — rarity in man, [341]
— cellulosæ, amount of injury inflicted by, depends on situation in body, [8]
— — development to Tænia solium, [340]
— — infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues, [662]
— — and C. acanthotrias, [336], [337]
— — decrease of frequency in pork, how effected, [334]
— — development, time taken for, [334]
— — habitat, [332], [333]
— — hosts of, [332]
— — how conveyed to man, [334], [335]
— — in man, [335]
— — — long persistence of, [337]
— — in sheep, [337]
— — organs of body invaded by, [335]
— — sex distribution of invasion by, [335]
— — vitality of, [334]
— development of, [301], [302]
— — diagram showing, [303]
— fasciolaris, host of, [338]
— — possible means of spread to man, [338]
— forms of, [301]
— morphology of, diagram showing, [301]
— ovis, [337]
— papilliform invagination into bladder, [301]
— pisiformis, hosts of, [338]
— — in evaginated condition, [304]
— racemosus, [335], [336]
— tenuicollis, [337], [338]
— — experimental rearing of tapeworms from, [15]
— with developed scolex at bottom of invagination, [304]
Cystoflagellata, [52]
Cysts, intestinal, Œsophagostomum contained in, [441], [443], [444]
Cytorhyctes, [208]
— aphtharum, [208]
— cytoplasm of, [209]
— luis, [124], [208]
— scarlatinæ, [208]
— vacciniæ, [208]
— variolæ, [208]
— — minute granules in, [210]
[D.]
Dactylomyia, characters, [562]
Daniels, C. W., iridocyclitis in trypanosomiasis, [623]
— — parasitic coleopterous larva (footnote), [542]
— — treatment of trypanosomiasis, [622]
— — yellow pigment in kidney and liver cells in ancylostomiasis, [647]
Danielsia, characters, [564]
Danilewsky, discovery of endoglobular parasites, similar to malarial, in birds, [157]
— — of Leucocytozoa by, [153]
Danube, banks of, Simulium columbaschensis plague on, [578]
Darling, experimental infection with Sarcocystis muris, [192]
— Endotrypanum schaudinni, [99]
— Histoplasma capsulatum, [112]
— researches on Entamœba tetragena, [38], [40], [41]
Darwin, Charles, great black bug of Pampas (Conorhinus renggeri), [539]
Dauernheim, Ascarides in bile-ducts, [688]
Daughter cysts of echinococcus, [350], [351]
— — — mode of origin, [350], [351], [352]
Davaine, Cercomonas hominis, [61]
— milk cure in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis, [675]
— mode of development of Ascaris lumbricoides, [464], [465]
Davainea asiatica, [662]
— — morphology, [330]
— madagascarensis, association with chyluria, [662]
— — cases of human infection by, [330]
— — morphology, [329]
— morphology, [329]
Davaineidæ, [309], [329]
Davaineinæ, [309], [329]
Davidson, bite of Rasahus biguttatus, [540]
Deeks, W. E., treatment of amœbic dysentery, [619]
Deguy, see Labadie-Lagrave and Deguy
Deinocerites, characters, [564]
Delanoë, pneumocysts in rats, [90]
Delhi boil, see Oriental sore
Demarquay, observation of Filaria bancrofti in man, [390]
Demodex folliculorum, [521]
— — affecting eyelids, [708]
— — as cause of chalazion, [708]
— — characters, [522]
— — infection by, treatment, [708]
— — — views of different authors respecting, [708]
— — synonyms, [522]
— — var. canis, [522]
— — — infection by, transmission from dog to man, [709]
— — — — treatment, [709]
Demodicidæ (mites of hair follicles), characters, [522]
Dendriomyia, characters, [565]
Dengue fever, micrococcus supposed carrier, [576]
Dermacentor, characters of, [497]
— occidentalis, bite of, effects, [504]
— — characters and morphology, [504]
— — (wood tick), characters, [504]
— reticulatus, hosts of, [502], [503]
— — transmission of Babesia caballi by, [178]
— variabilis, [505]
— venustus, characters and morphology, [503]
— — hosts of, wild and domestic, [504]
Dermanyssus gallinæ, disinfection methods against, [704]
— — effect on skin of host, [492]
— — infection, symptoms set up by, [703]
— — morphology, [492]
— — synonyms, [492]
— hirundinis, disinfection against, [704]
— — skin affections due to, [492]
Dermatitis intertriginoides set up by Oxyuris vermicularis, [696]
Dermatobia cyaniventris, [596], [597]
— — characters, [598]
— — geographical distribution, [598]
— — hosts of, [596]
— — larvæ of, characters, [597]
— — local or vernacular names for, [598]
— — see also Mosquito worm
— noxialis, [597]
— — larvæ of, skin disease caused by, [725]
Dermatocentor reticulatus, var. occidentalis, carrier of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, [496]
Dermatodectes, [521]
Dermatophagoides scheremetewskyi, [521]
Dermatophilus, [543]
— cæcata, [544]
— penetrans (jigger, chigoe), characters and morphology, [544]
— — — — geographical distribution, [544]
— (Sarcopsylla) penetrans (sand flea), entrance beneath skin, [714]
— — — host of, [613]
— — — lesions produced by, [714]
— — — — — treatment, [715]
— — — possible carrier of leprosy, [613]
Dermo-muscular layer of nematodes, [361]
Derrieu and Raynaud, chronic dysentery due to trichomonads, [624]
— — trichomonad-like organism discovered by, [624], [735]
Desvoidea, characters, [563]
Dévé, experimental development of hydatid scolices, [353]
Diarrhœa associated with Balantidium coli, [201]
— — with invasion by Balantidium minutum, [204]
— — with Lamblia intestinalis, [59], [625]
— — with Trichomonas hominis, [54], [624]
— — with presence of Watsonius watsoni, [235]
— — with Prowazekia asiatica, [65]
— blood-stained, in Strongyloides stercoralis infection, [674], [675]
— caused by Difämus tunensis, [57]
— chylous, from Filaria bancrofti infection, [678]
— (Cochin-China) in cases of infection with Strongyloides stercoralis, [380], [381]
— flagellate, [623]
— — climatic distribution, [623]
— infantile, spread by house-fly, [586]
— white (or white scour), in fowls, causal agent, [145]
Dibothriocephalidæ, [308], [309]
— morphology, [308]
Dibothriocephalinæ, [308], [309]
— morphology, [308]
Dibothriocephalus, [309]
— cordatus, [315]
— — cephalic end, [315]
— — hosts of, [315]
— excretory apparatus, collecting tubes, island formation, [292]
— felis, [313]
— latus, [310]
— — chains of segments, [311]
— — development, [311]
— — developmental cycle of, [16]
— — disturbances produced by, in man, [314]
— — duration of life, [315]
— — embryophore of, [298]
— — experimental infection of man with, [312]
— — geographical distribution, [313], [314]
— — growth of, [306]
— — habitat in man, [658]
— — head of transverse section, [311]
— — hosts of, [313]
— — human parasite invading animals, [7]
— — in muscles of trunk of burbot, [313]
— — intermediate host of, [255]
— — means of transmission to man and other hosts, [314]
— — mode of infection, [658]
— — morphology, [310]
— — ova of Fasciola hepatica to be distinguished from, [242]
— — ovum of, development, [312]
— — parasitic association with Tænia solium, [658]
— — percentage in sufferers from tapeworms in various localities, [314]
— — plerocercoids of, [313]
— — — habitat and host, [311]
— — — how destroyed, [315]
— — — inhabiting fish, [314]
— — proglottids of, average number found daily, [312]
— — proglottis, fairly mature, stained preparation, [311]
— — prophylaxis against, [668]
— — supposed origin of, [11]
— — symptoms produced by infection by, [667], [668]
— — synonyms, [310]
— — topographical anatomy, transverse section through proglottis showing, [296]
— morphology, [309]
— parvus, habitat, [316]

Dibothriocephalus parvus, how distinguished from D. latus and D. cordatus, [316]
— — morphology, [316]
— plerocercoid of, [300]
— synonyms, [309]
Dicrocœiidæ, morphology, [232], [265]
Dicrocœlium dendriticum, intermediate host unknown, [267]
— — morphology, [266]
— — organs of, diagram showing, [265]
— — ova and miracidia, [266]
— — synonyms, [266]
— lanceolatum, incidental human parasite, [7]
Diesing, first record of case of Metastrongylus apri in man, [433]
Difämus tunensis, cause of diarrhœa, [57]
— — characters, [57]
Difflugia enchelys, [47]
Digenea, morphology, [230]
Digestive system, loss of, in parasites, [3]
Dinoflagellata, [52]
Dioctophyme, [431]
— gigas, hosts and habitat in body, [431]
— — in man, source of, [431]
— — infection by, [431]
— — morphology, [431]
— — ova of, [432]
— — synonyms, [431]
Dioctophymidæ, [431]
— characters, [375]
Dionis de Carrières, liver-fluke in right hypochondriac region, [244]
Diphyllobothrium (Bothriocephalus) ditremum, discovery of progeny of, [13]
Diplodiscus subclavatus, hosts of, [6]
Diplogonoporus, morphology, [316]
— grandis, egg of, [298]
— — morphology, [316]
— — ventral view of genitalia of left side, [317]
— — — — of portion of strobila, [317]
Diptera, bibliography, [612]
— biting-mouthed and other noxious carriers of disease, [600]
— characters, [531], [532]
— digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpetomonads, [102]
— larvæ of, in man, references to, [599]
Dipylidiidæ, [309], [320]
Dipylidium, morphology, [320]
— synonyms, [320]
— caninum, [320]
— — confused with Tænia solium, [660]
— — cysticercoids of, [322]
— — — hosts of, [322]
— — dogs and cats infected with, through skin parasites, [323]
— — embryo of, development, [321]
— — expulsion of, drugs suitable for, [660]
— — hosts of, [6], [7], [322]
— — invasion by, effect on central nervous system, [649]
— — morphology, [320]
— — oncosphere of, [299]
— — oncospheres of, animals selected as hosts for development, [299]
Dipylidium caninum, prevalence of infection by, in children, [659], [660]
— — proglottids of, [322]
— — proglottis of, central portion, [321]
— — region of human body inhabited by, [660]
— — rostellum of, [289]
Dirksen, effect on anæmia of expulsion of Tænia solium, [648]
Dirofilaria immitis, [417]
— magalhaesi, morphology, [417]
— morphology, [416]
— repens, [417]
Discophora, see Hirudinea
Disporea in Myxosporidia, [182], [184]
Distoma, opercula of ova of, discovery, [12]
— echinatum, redia of, in later stage, [227]
Distomata, morphology, [231]
— cercariæ, [753]
Distomum ophthalmobium, [244]
Doeveren, van, on transmission of intestinal worms, [11]
Doflein, Coccidiomorpha, [129], [151]
— Cnidosporidia, [129], [194]
— Entamœba kartulisi, [44]
— Trypanosoma equiperdum, [97]
Dog and cat, parasites common to, [6]
— blood of, life-cycle of Babesia (Piroplasma) canis in, [175]
— Dipylidium caninum parasite in, [322]
— fleas, natural flagellates in, [111], [112]
— — transmission of canine kala-azar by, [103]
— — see also Ctenocephalus canis and Pulex serraticeps
— host of Dibothriocephalus latus, [313], [315]
— — of Paragonimus kellicotti, [250]
— intestine of, Isospora bigemina parasitic in, [149]
— mange, transmission to man, [523]
— rearing of Tænia echinococcus in, [356]
— to dog, transmission of leucocytogregarine from, by tick, [155]
— transmission of infection with Demodex folliculorum canis to man, [709]
Dogs, contraction of surra by, [96]
— dermal infection with larvæ of Ancylostomum duodenale, [455]
— echinococci in, [346]
— experiments with, to prove transmission of infantile kala-azar by fleas, [111]
---- infected with Dipylidium caninum through skin parasites, [323]
— infection with infantile leishmaniasis, [110]
— — — — experimental, [110]
— — — — natural, [110]
— Leishmania tropica in, [108]
— malignant jaundice in, carrier of, [493]
— — — cause of, [177]
— nagana fatal to, [94]
— percentage infected with Tænia echinococcus in various cities and countries (footnote), [345]
— prevention of echinococcus infection by, [346]
— segregation of, as preventive against Oriental sore, [628]
— skin diseases in, due to young nematodes, [378]
Doliocystidæ, [135]
Domestic animals, species of Sarcoptes transmissible from, to man, [520]
— — trypanosomes deleterious or lethal to, [69], [70]
Dormouse, inoculation of Trypanosoma lewisi into, [90]
Dornblüth, method of evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
Dörr, tapeworm drug recommended by, [674]
Dourine, anæmia and paralysis in, [97]
— periods or stages of, [97]
— trypanosome causing, [97]
Dovecots, habitat of Argas reflexus, [506]
Dracontiasis, disorder named by Galen, [386]
Dracunculidæ, [385]
— characters, [374]
Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm), anterior extremity, [387]
— — expulsion by extraction, [676]
— — — methods and drugs for, [676]
— — female, transverse section of, [388]
— — infection by, prophylaxis against, [676]
— — — symptoms and lesions following, [389]
— — intermediate host, [388]
— — larvæ of, [388]
— — life-history, [386], [388]
— — methods of extraction from body, [389]
— — morphology, [386]
— — period of development in man, [389]
— — regions of body inhabited by, [386]
— — synonyms, [386]
— — viviparous nematode, [371]
— morphology, [385]
Dromedaries, “mbori” in, [96]
Drone fly, [583], [584]
Drosophila melanogaster, larvæ of, characters and habitat, [584]
— — — effects produced by ingestion of, [584]
Drosophilidæ, characters and habitat, [584]
Drouillard, favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridæ, [649]
Drugs, reaction of spirochætes to, [115]
Dubini, Filaria (?) conjunctivæ in man, [405]
Dubreuilh, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Ducks, destruction of mosquito larvæ by, [636]
— how infected by Echinostoma echinatum, [226]
Dufour, creation of name Gregarina by, [129]
Duguet, maculæ cæruleæ (tâches bleues) due to infection by crab louse, [712]
Dujardin, development of Tæniæ, [14]
— psorosperms, [181]
Duke, anterior station of trypanosomes in Glossinæ, [101]
— Trypanosoma gambiense in antelope, [76]
Dum-dum fever, [105]
Dumesnil, larvæ of Muscidæ in nose, [720]
Duodenum, flagellate stage of Lamblia intestinalis found in, [59]
— human, habitat of Ancylostoma duodenale, [450]
— possible invasion by Balantidium minutum, [204]
— species of Trichostrongylus inhabiting, [435], [436]
Durham, specimens of Leptus (bête rouge), [486]
Dutton, Trypanosoma gambiense, [68]
— and Todd, herpetomonads in mice, [738]
— — researches on Spirochæta duttoni, [116], [117]
Duval, liver-flukes in veins, [243]
Dysentery, amœba as causal agent, [30], [34]
— — — — experiments made to prove, [30], [40], [618]
— amœbic, acute, symptoms, [618]
— — carriers, [618]
— — chronic, [618]
— — experimental production, [618]
— — gangrenous, treatment, [619]
— — incubation period long, [618]
— — latent, [618]
— — — leading to liver abscess, [618]
— — preventive measures, [620]
— — relief of griping and straining, [618], [619]
— — treatment by emetine hydrochloride,618, [619]
— — — by ipecacuanha, [619]
— — — by preliminary administration of castor oil, [619]
— — — of liver abscess, [620]
— — — surgical, [619]
— association of Lamblia intestinalis with, [59], [625]
— — of Noc’s entamœba with, [41]
— — of Trichomonas with, [56], [624]
— bacillary, [31]
— — Entamœba coli present in cases of, [38]
— bacillus, discovery of, [31]
— balantidian or ciliate, [201], [202], [637]
— — — prophylaxis, [637]
— — — symptoms, [637]
— — — treatment, [637]
— discoveries of Cholera Investigation Commission with regard to, [30]
— discovery of intestinal amœbæ in cases of, [30]
— flagellate, [623]
— — diet in, [625]
— — geographical distribution, [624]
— — prognosis, [625]
— — prophylaxis, [625]
— — protection of food supply against fæcal contamination in, [625]
— — treatment, [624], [625]
— followed by recovery from oxyuriasis, [698]
— production by injection of amœbæ into cats, [35]
— red, geographical distribution, [147], [741]
— — in cattle, cause of, [147]
— so-called, due to mites, [512]
— spread by house-fly, [586]
— treatment by bismuth subnitrate, [619]
Dysodius lunatus, bite of, [541]
[E.]
Ear, abscess of, liver-fluke in, [244]
— parasites in, [615]
— — see also Myiasis, auricular
Ears of hosts infested by Ornithodorus mégnini rendered painful, [510]
Earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiura infection, [679]
East Coast fever in cattle, cause of, [178], [179]
— — — — pathogenic agent, [174]
Eau de Cologne, application in nasal myiasis, [719]
Echidnophaga, [543]
Echinococcus, brood capsules, [349]
— — — and scolices, mode of formation, [348], [349]
— — — transformation into daughter cysts, [351], [353]
— cysticus fertilis, [350]
— cysts causing urticaria, [651]
— daughter cysts, [350]
— definition of, [301]
— fluid, chemistry of, [353]
— frequency of infection by, of various organs in slaughtered animals, [347]
— hominis in liver, incised fibrous capsule and wall showing daughter cysts, [351]
— in dogs, oxen, sheep and pigs, [346]
— in man, age incidence, [355]
— — death at various stages of development, [356]
— — geographical distribution, [354], [355]
— — organs of body invaded by, [355]
— — percentage of prevalence in Central Europe, [354]
— — secondary, [356]
— — sex incidence, [355]
— infection, prevention of spread by dogs, [346]
— multilocularis (alveolar colloid), development, [357], [358]
— — — — feeding experiments with Tænia from, [358]
— — — — hooklets of, [359]
— — — — in liver of ox, [357]
— — — — in man, early disintegration, [357]
— — — — — geographical distribution, [358]
— — — — — invasion, results of, [358]
— — — — — — site of, [358]
— — — — morphology of, [356]
— — — — reasons for distinction from hydatid or unilocular, [357], [358]
— of liver rupturing into abdominal cavity, [652]
— rate of growth, [354]
— rich in glycogen, [348]
— scolex, [349]
— — development in rabbits, [353]
Echinococcus scolex in process of vesicular metamorphosis, section through, [351]
— — invaginated, section through, [350]
— — transformation into daughter cyst, [352]
— scolices in, [303], [349]
— serum diagnosis of, [359]
— structure and development, [347]
— veterinorum, [350]
— — brood capsules and scolices, [350]
— — hooklets of, [355]
Echinorhynchus, anatomy, [475]
— excretory organs, [475], [476]
— “floating ovaries” of, [150]
— gigas, hosts of, [477]
— — incidental human parasite, [7]
— — intermediate hosts, [477]
— — morphology, [477]
— hominis, [478]
— moniliformis, hosts, habitat and intermediate host of, [478]
— nervous system, [475]
— ova of, [477]
— protrusor proboscidis, [475]
— receptaculum proboscidis, [475]
— retractor proboscidis, [475]
— — receptaculi, [475]
— sexual organs, [476]
Echinostoma, cercariæ of, [225]
— echinatum, method of infection of ducks and geese by, [226]
— ilocanum, habitat, [268]
— — morphology, [267]
— — organs of, diagram showing, [268]
— malayanum, habitat, [269]
— — morphology, [268], [269]
— morphology, [267]
Echinostomidæ, [267]
— morphology, [233]
Echinostominæ, [267]
— morphology, [233]
Ectoparasites, [1]
— permanent, changes in, [3]
Ectoplasm of protozoa, [25], [26]
— — substances deposited in, [26]
Ectoschiza, [135]
Eczema due to head louse infection, [709], [710]
— following infection by crab louse, [712]
— occupational, diagnosis from scabies, [706]
— peri-anal and perineal, set up by migrations of Oxyuris vermicularis, [695]
— purulent, following infection by ancylostomes, [684]
— resulting from clothes louse infection, [711]
— set up by infection with Dermanyssus gallinæ, [703]
— — by Leptus autumnalis, [702]
Ehrenberg, Spirochæta plicatilis, [114]
Ehrlich’s acid hæmatoxylin, [751]
Eimer, researches on coccidia, [136]
Eimeria, [142]
— avium, causal agent of white diarrhœa or white scour in fowls, and blackhead in turkeys, [145]
— — cause of fatal epizootics among game birds and poultry, [142]
Eimeria avium, infection by, method of, [145]
— — life-cycle of, [142–145]
— — — period, [144], [145]
— — — phases, [142–144]
— — merozoites of, [143]
— — microgametes and macrogametes of, [143], [144]
— — relation to E. stiedæ, [145]
— — sporozoites of, [143]
— — trophozoites of, [143]
— falciformis, [136]
— (Coccidium) schubergi, life-cycle of, [138–141]
— hominis, [150]
— — bodies described as, [150]
— stiedæ, ascribed cause of “red dysentery” in cattle, [147]
— — host of, [7], [145]
— — oöcysts of, [142], [146]
— — parasitic in rabbit and occasionally in man, [145], [148]
— — schizogony, [147]
— — — — effects, [147]
— — synonyms, [145]
— — see also Coccidiosis
— synonyms, [142]
Eimeridea, [141], [742]
Electrolytic needle, application in creeping disease, [731]
Elephantiasis arabum from Filaria bancrofti infection, sites of body affected by, [677]
— — — — — symptoms, [677]
— — — — — treatment, [677]
— scroti in filariasis, [402]
Ellermann, rhizopods in poliomyelitis acuta, [46]
Elmassian, discovery of Entamœba minuta, [42]
— — of trypanosomes in “mal de caderas,” [68]
Embryophore of tapeworms, [298]
Emetine and vaccine treatment combined in pyorrhœa alveolaris, [620]
— hydrochloride in flagellate dysentery, [625]
— — in treatment of amœbic dysentery, [618], [619]
— in oral endamœbiasis, [620]
Emily, expulsion of guinea worm, [676]
— method of extraction of Dracunculus medinensis, [389]
Endamœba, [31], [34], [734]
— see also Entamœba
Endamœbiasis, oral, [620]
— — treatment, [620]
Endermol, application in scabies, [707]
Endoparasites, [1]
— intermediate generations invading intermediate hosts, [5]
— — hosts of, [5]
— young of, leaving host or organ of host inhabited by parents, [5]
Endophlebitis set up by Schistosoma hæmatobium, [274], [275]
Endoplasm of protozoa, [25], [26]
— — substances deposited in, [26]
Endoschiza, [135]
Endotoxins in Trypanosoma equiperdum, [98]
Endotrypanum schaudinni, [99]
Enemata, in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
Entamœba, [31], [734]
— africana, see under Entamœba tetragena
— buccalis, [43], [734]
— — association with cancer of oral cavity, [43]
— — — with dental caries, [43]
— — — with pyorrhœa alveolaris, [43], [734]
— — characters, [43]
— — possible relation of E. pulmonalis to, [40]
— bütschlii, [34]
— coli, [32], [618], [733]
— — characters, [33]
— — cysts of, [33]
— — — in normal fæces, [33]
— — encystment process, [33]
— — — — cytological changes during, [33]
— — how distinguished from E. histolytica, [34], [40], [733]
— — life-cycle of, [32], [33]
— — non-pathogenic and non-culturable, [618]
— — parasite of human intestine, [618]
— — may be present in bacillary dysentery, [38]
— — schizogony of, [32], [33]
— — so-called autogamy of, [34]
— — sporogony of, [32], [33]
— gingivalis, [733]
— — synonyms, [734]
— hartmanni, [34]
— histolytica,

[32], [34], [45], [618], [733]
— — causal agent of amœbic dysentery, [35]
— — changes in intestine produced by, [35]
— — characters, [34], [35]
— — cysts of, permanent, injection producing infection, [37]
— — dysentery following experimental infection with, [618]
— — how distinguished from E. coli, [34], [40], [733]
— — present in large intestine, [38]
— — producing liver abscess, [35], [620]
— — sporulation of (so-called), [37]
— — and E. coli, differences between, [34], [40], [733]
— — — — mixed infection, [38]
— — and E. tetragena, identity of, [38], [40], [41]
— hominis, [42]
— kartulisi, [44], [734]
— — association with dental caries, [44]
— maxillaris, [734]
— minuta, [42]
— — relation to E. histolytica, [40], [42]
— mortinatalium, [45]
— nipponica, [42]
— Noc’s, [41]
— — association with liver abscess and dysentery, [41]
— phagocytoides, [42]
— poleki, [34]
Entamœba pulmonalis, [45]
— — relation with E. buccalis, [45]
— tetragena, [38]
— — characters of, [39]
— — described as E. africana by Hartmann, [38]
— — found in amœbic dysentery, [38]
— — infection by, [40]
— — multiplication of, [39]
— — nucleus of, [39]
— — part of life-cycle of E. histolytica, [38]
— — reproduction of, [39]
— — trophozoites, [39], [40]
— — and E. histolytica identical, [38], [40], [41]
— tropicalis, [41]
— undulans, [43], [44]
— — characters of, [43]
— — probable flagellate nature of, [44]
— williamsi, [34]
Entamœbæ of vertebrates, [34]
— question of cultivation on artificial media, [42], [742]
Enteritis, hæmorrhagic, in Strongyloides stercoralis infection, [674]
— produced by injection of amœbæ into cats, [36], [37]
— verminosa in children, [688]
Entozoa, [1]
— derivation of, [21]
Enyaliopsis durandi, bite of, [542]
— petersi, [542]
— species of, producing ulcers, [542]
Eosinophilia in ancylostomiasis, [647]
— in bilharziasis, [641]
— in hydatid disease, [652]
Epicarin, application in scabies, [707]
Epidermis, human, excavation of tunnels in, by Sarcoptes scabiei, var. hominis, [519]
— “wormlet” burrowing into, [599]
Epistaxis, association with presence of Linguatula in nasal cavity, [526], [527]
— leeches in nose causing, [701]
Epithelium of nematodes, [360]
Epizoa, [1]
Eproboscidæ, see Pupipara
Epstein, experimental infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, [465]
— transmission of trichomonad infection, [56]
Epstein’s method of diagnosis of ascariasis, [692]
Equines, baleri in, causal agent, [95]
— biliary fever in, cause of, [177]
Erdmann, experimental infection with Sarcosporidia, [192]
Erythema, autumn, set up by Leptus autumnalis, [485], [486]
— following bite of Argas reflexus, [506]
— set up by infection with Dermanyssus gallinæ, [703]
— — by Leptus autumnalis, [702]
Eschatocephalus, characters of, [497]
— hosts and habitat of, [497]
Escomel, dysentery due to Trichomonas, [56], [624]
— treatment of espundia, [629]
— — of lamblial diarrhœa, [625]
Espundia, [108], [628]
— course of, [629]
— geographical distribution, [628]
— pathology of, [628]
— prophylactic measures against, [629]
— transmission of, [629]
— treatment, [629]
Ether, application in nasal myiasis, [719]
— lotions in crab louse infection, [712]
— sulphuric, in crab louse infection, [712]
Ethyl chloride, freezing by, in creeping disease, [731]
Eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
Euflagellata, [52]
— characters of, [52]
Eugregarinea, schizogony absent in, [134]
Eulyes amœna, [542]
Euphorbia, infection by Herpetomonas davidi, [104]
Eupodidæ, characters, [491]
Euquinine in malaria, [635]
Europe, Central, percentage of prevalence of echinococcus in man in, [354]
Eustrongylus gigas, infection by, site of, [681]
— — — symptoms, [682]
Evans, discovery of trypanosomes in blood of horses with “surra” disease, [67]
— see also Steel and Evans
Excretory apparatus of cestodes, [291]
— or segmental organs of Hirudinea, [481]
— organs of Echinorhynchus, [475]
— — of nematodes, [366], [367]
Eye, cysticerci in, [335], [664]
— cysticercus of, [664]
— — diagnosis from foreign body, [664]
— diseases due to Lucilia macellaria, [721]
— human, infection with filaria, [406]
— nematodes observed in, [412]
— invasion by Loa loa, [678]
— paragonimiasis of, [639]
Eyeball, bodies found in, probably young liver-flukes, [244]
Eyebrows and eyelashes, pediculosis of, treatment, [712]
Eyelid, upper, extraction of larva of Hypoderma bovis from, [596]
Eyelids, Demodex folliculorum affecting, [708]
Eyes, destruction of, by Sarcophaga wohlfahrti, [723]
— loss of, in parasites, [3]
[F.]
Fabre, prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis, [685]
Face, swelling of, in nasal myiasis, [718]
Fæces, amœbæ found in, [30], [34], [47], [48]
— asexual multiplication of Chlamydophrys enchelys in, [47]
— examination for protozoa, [746]
— human, fresh, Strongyloides stercoralis larva from, [382]
— larvæ of Homalomyia canicularis found in, [584]
— — of Piophila casei found in, [583]
— males of Oxyuris vermicularis rarely met with in, [468]
— normal, cysts of Entamœba coli present in, [33]
— preservation of ova of flukes in, [472]
— Vorticella in, [206]
Fanapapea intestinalis identical with Tetramitus mesnili, [57]
Fantham, H. B., appendix on protozoology (recent researches, formulæ of culture media, general protozoological technique), [733]
— — avian coccidiosis, [145]
— — — pathogenic spirochætes, [119]
— — classification of Haplosporidia, [195]
— — — of Schizogregarines, [135]
— — experimental infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [117]
— — granule phase of spirochætes, [120]
— — Herpetomonas ctenocephali, [103]
— — — pediculi, [103]
— — latent forms of trypanosomes, [73], [74], [77]
— — molluscan spirochætes breaking up into granules, [119]
— — morphology and life-cycle of Eimeria avium, [142–145]
— — — and life-history of Spirochæta bronchialis, [739]
— — nuclear phenomena of Babesia bovis, [176]
— — Protozoa, [25]
— — recent work on spirochætes of human mouth, [740], [741]
— — Rhinosporidium kinealyi, [195–197]
— — schizogony in Leucocytozoon lovati, [153]
— — significance of insect flagellates in relation to disease, [104], [739]
— — Theileria parva, [179]
— — Trypanosoma rhodesiense, [69], [76]
— — and Porter, experimental introduction of insect flagellates into vertebrates, [104], [112], [738]
— — — inoculation experiments with Herpetomonas jaculum, [104], [738]
— — — natural herpetomonads in mice, [739]
— — — researches on Nosema apis, [185]
— — — — on Spirochæta duttoni, [116]
— — and Thomson, J. G., cultivation of Babesia canis, [172]
— — — — periodic cyclical variation of trypanosomes in blood, [78]
— — see also Stephens and Fantham
Fasciola, [237]
— gigantica, distribution, [244]
— — habitat, [244]
— — invading lung, [245]
— — morphology, [244]
— — — section illustrating, [243]
— — synonyms, [244]
— hepatica, [237], [238], [239], [638]
— — cercaria of, [228]
— — — encysted, [228]
— — development of, [226]
— — fixation method, [471]
— — geographical distribution, [238]
— — half transverse section through, [214]
— — hosts of, [6], [7], [238]
— — incidental human parasite, [7]
— — intermediate host, [240], [241]
— — invading and infecting pharynx, [242]
— — — regions of body other than liver, [243]
— — life-history, [241]
— — method of infection of sheep by, [226]
— — miracidium of, [223]
— — morphology, [237]
— — — sections illustrating, [238], [239]
— — ova of, to be distinguished from those of Dibothriocephalus latus, [242]
— — ovum of, [223]
— — — from liver of sheep, [240]
— — redia, in early stage, [227]
— — synonyms, [237]
— morphology, [237]
Fascioliasis, prevention and treatment, [638]
— symptoms of, [638]
— see also Liver-fluke disease
Fasciolidæ, [237]
— morphology, [231]
Fasciolinæ, [237]
— morphology, [231]
Fasciolopsinæ, [245]
— morphology, [231]
Fasciolopsis buski, fixation method, [471]
— — geographical distribution, [246]
— — habitat, [246], [638]
— — morphology, [245], [246]
— — symptoms set up by invasion by, [638]
— fülleborni, cirrus sac, [247]
— — habitat, [249]
— — morphology, [247]
— — — ventral aspect showing, [248]
— goddardi, morphology and geographical distribution, [247]
— rathouisi, geographical distribution, [247]
— — habitat, [247]
— — morphology, [246]
— morphology, [245]
Feltinella, characters, [561], [567]
Females, greater prevalence of head louse infection among, [709], [710]
— rarity of bilharziasis in, [643]
Fern root, new species, effects as vermifuge, [673]
Fibrin, clots of, Dioctophyme gigas in man traced to, [431]
Ficalbia, characters, [565]
Fièvre de grain, [702]
Fiji, intermediate host of filaria in, [575]
— manifestations of filariasis in, [402]
Filaria associated with phthisis, [408]
— bancrofti, anatomy of, diagrams showing, [391]
— — discoveries relating to, [390]
— — diseases following infection by, [398], [400]
— — embryos, [392]
— — female, characters, [392]
— — geographical distribution, [392], [403]
— — habitat in body, [392]
— — infection by, diseases resulting from, [676], [677]
— — larvæ of, absence from blood in those suffering from filarial disease, [400]
— — — distribution in body, [392], [393]
— — — method of concentration, [395]
— — — — of preservation, [395]
— — — morphology, determination by fixation and staining methods, [395], [396]
— — — periodicity of, in peripheral blood, [393], [394]
— — — separation of red corpuscles from, [395]
— — — species of Tæniorhynchus carrying, [577]
— — — structure, [396]
— — life-history, [398]
— — male, characters, [392]
— — mosquitoes acting as hosts of, [398]
— — ova of, [392]
— — synonyms, [390]
— — transmission of, [576]
— (?) conjunctivæ, [404], [405]
— — morphology, [404]
— — normal hosts of, [406]
— — sites of infection in man, [405]
— — synonyms, [404]
— demarquayi, [403], [404]
— — geographical distribution, [403]
— — morphology, [403]
— infection of skin by, [378]
— intermediate host of, in Fiji, [575]
— (?) kilimaræ, [407]
— loa, host of, [601]
— medinensis, antiquity of knowledge concerning, [386]
— morphology, [390]
— oculi humani, association with cataract, [406]
— perstans, carrier of, [508]
— (?) romanorum orientalis, morphology, [407]
— (?) sp. (?), [407]
— taniguchi, [404]
Filariasis, cultivation of bacillus from cases of, [755]
— prevalence proportionate to prevalence of Mikrofilaria bancrofti in blood, [400]
Filariidæ, [390]
— characters, [374]
Filariinæ, [390]
Filmaron, administration in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
— as vermicide, [672]
— oil, dosage of, [672]
— — effects of, [672]
— — in expulsion of Ascarides, [694]
“Filterable viruses,” [207]
Filtration experiments with Chlamydozoon granules, [209]
Finlaya, characters, [564]
Finsen, echinococcus cysts causing urticaria, [651]
Finucane, lymphangitic symptoms in children from Filaria bancrofti infection, [676]
Fischer, effects of new species of fern root as a vermifuge, [672], [673]
— retinal hæmorrhages in ancylostome anæmia, [646]
Fish, destruction of mosquito larvæ by, [636]
— disease of, due to invasion by Myxosporidia, [182], [184]
— eating of raw or badly cooked, favours transmission of Dibothriocephalus latus in man, [315]
— fresh-water, second intermediate host of Clonorchis endemicus, [261]
— — — — — — — proved by feeding experiments, [261]
— intermediate host of Dibothriocephalus latus, [255]
— — — of Opisthorchis felineus, [255]
— parasitic ciliate destructive to, [206]
— plerocercoids of Dibothriocephalus latus inhabiting, [314]
— trypanoplasms in, [68]
Fistulæ, anal and rectal, set up by migration of Oxyuris vermicularis, [695]
— formation of, through migration of parasites, [9]
— urethral, arising from bilharziasis, [642]
— — — — treatment, [644]
Fixation, time of, [749]
Fixatives, [748], [749]
— for wet films, [748]
— hot, [748]
Flagella may occur among rhizopods, [52]
— of Flagellata, [50], [51]
Flagellata, [50]
— characters of, [28], [50], [51]
— classification, [52]
— formation of colonies of individuals, [51]
— habitat, [28], [52]
— multiplication of, [51]
— non-flagellate stages, [51]
— nuclear apparatus of, [51]
— post-flagellate and pre-flagellate stages, [52]
Flagellates, aggregation rosettes of, [51]
— dysentery in children due to, [56], [624]
— in blood of horses, diseases associated with, [67], [68]
— natural, in dog fleas, [112]
— of invertebrates, evolution of Leishmania from, [739]
— parasitic, in insects, experimental introduction into vertebrates, [104], [112], [737], [738]
— — — — — — relation to evolution of leishmaniasis, [112], [737], [738]
— — in relation to evolution of disease, [739]
Flagellosis of plants, possible connection with leishmaniasis, [104], [739]
Flat worms, see Platyhelminthes
Flea, human, see Pulex irritans
Fleas acting as intermediate hosts, [543]
— blood-suckers, [543]
— carriers of plague, [543]
— cocoons of, [543]
— fed on infected rat, percentage infected with trypanosomes, [93]
— herpetomonads in gut of, [103]
— larvæ of, [543]
— life-cycle of Trypanosoma lewisi in, [88], [90]
— method of controlling, during experiments, [93]
— ova of, [543]
— possible transmission of kala-azar by, [111]
Flemming’s solution, [749]
Flesh of animals containing larvæ of tapeworms must be thoroughly cooked before eating, [668]
Flesh-fly, see Sarcophaga carnosa
Flexner, Entamœba kartulisi, [44]
Flies, larvæ of different species of, found in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Flukes, clearing and mounting agents, [471]
— differentiation methods, [471]
— fixation methods, [471]
— miracidia of, discovery, [12]
— ova of, preservation in fæces, urine, bile, [472]
— — transference to glycerine, [472]
— preservation and examination of, [471]
— staining methods, [471]
— see also Trematoda
Fœtus, Trypanosoma cruzi in, [88]
Foley, transmission of relapsing fever, [120], [121]
Food, transmission of trichomonad infection by, [56]
Foods, decomposing, inhabited by and nutriment of Tyroglyphidæ, [511]
Foot, sole of, hepatic flukes found in swelling on, [243]
Foot-and-mouth disease, [207], [208]
Foraminifera, [27], [47]
— characters and habitat, [27]
Forde and Dutton, discovery of human trypanosomes, [68]
Foreign body, diagnosis of cysticercus of eye from, [664]
Formalin, fixation of cestodes by, [472]
Fowler, method of administering male fern to children, [671], [672]
Fowler’s solution in sleeping sickness, [623]
Fowls, fatal effects of Spirochæta gallinarum on, [119]
Fox, host of Dibothriocephalus latus, [313]
Frambœsia tropica, see Yaws
França, action of leucocytozoa on red cells, [153], [742]
— genera of Piroplasmidæ, [174]
Francaviglia, auricular myiasis, [615]
Franchini, experimental infection of vertebrates with herpetomonads, [103], [104], [112], [739]
—Hæmocystozoon brasiliense, [104]
Frese, O., rhabdites found in gastric fluid obtained by lavage, [378]

Freund, sarcophaga larvæ from abscess cavities, [723]
Frog, rectum and bladder of, ciliates parasitic in, [207]
Frontal sinus, invasion by Ancylostoma duodenale, [683]
— — scolopendra in, [721]
Fruit pickers affected by Leptus autumnalis (footnote), [485]
Fülleborn, cultivation of larval forms of Ancylostoma and Strongyloides, [474]
Furcocercous cercariæ, [753]
Fürst, cases of Ascarides invading larynx and trachea, [691]
[G.]
Gabel, diarrhœa due to Difämus tunensis, [624]
— Difämus tunensis, [57], [624]
Gad-flies, [600]
— see also Tabanidæ
Gaetano, cysticercus of tongue, [663]
Galen, disorder named “dracontiasis” by, [386]
Gall-bladder, Schistosoma hæmatobium, eggs of, in, [274]
Gall sickness in cattle, cause of, [98], [180], [611]
Galleria melonella, larvæ of, in nose, [720]
Galli-Vallerio, bothriocephalus anæmia, [646]
— infection by trichomonads, [56]
— Oxyuris and Trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, [654]
Galyl in syphilis, [632]
— in trypanosomiasis, [622]
Gamasidæ (coleopterous or insect mites), characters, [491]
— — — — hosts and prey of, [491]
Gambia horse sickness, cause of, [100]
Game infested by Dermacentor reticulatus, [503]
Game-birds, fatal epizootics among, due to Eimeria avium, [142]
Gametes of Coccidiidea, [137], [139], [140]
— of gregarines, [132], [133]
— of malarial parasites, [162]
Gametocytes of Coccidia, [140]
— of gregarines, [132], [133]
— of malarial parasites, [162]
Gametogony, in Eimeria avium, [143]
Gammarus pulex occasionally parasitic in man, [483]
Garlic and saline injections in Trichuris trichiura infection, [680]
Gastrodisciidæ, [236]
— morphology, [231]
Gastrodiscoides, how distinguished from Gastrodiscus, [236]
Gastrodiscus, [236]
— ægyptiacus, hosts of, [237]
— hominis, [236]
— — genital pore, [236]
— — geographical distribution, [237]
— — habitat, [237]
— — morphology, [236]
— — ova, [237]
— — testes, [236]
— male and female genitalia, [236]
— morphology, [236]
Gastrophilus, [599]
— equi, [599]
— hæmorrhoidalis, [599]
— larvæ of, in stomach and intestine, [599]
— nasalis, [599]
— pecorum, [599]
Geber, treatment of crab louse infection, [712]
Gecko, blood and organs of, herpetomonad flagellate in cultures from, [739]
Gedoelst, Cordylobia rodhani, [593]
Geese, how infected with Echinostoma echinatum, [226]
Genital apparatus of Cestoda, [293–296]
Genitalia as means of distinguishing species of Glossina, [604]
Genitals, external female, invaded by Oxyuris vermicularis, [467]
Genser, von, Ascaris infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
Gentian violet, [752]
Gerbillus indicus, [154]
Gerlach, stages of liver-fluke disease in sheep, [240]
Germany, districts of, percentage of occurrence of echinococcus in man in, [354]
— trichinosis in, epidemics of, [423], [429]
— — prophylaxis against, [429]
Giard, microscopical investigations of conjugation in gregarines, [130]
Giardia (Lamblia) intestinalis, [736]
Giemsa’s stain, [751]
— — formula of, [751]
Giesker, liver-fluke in sole of foot, [243]
Gilesia, characters, [564]
Gingivitis, nematode larvæ in periosteum of upper jaw associated with, [378]
— see also Entamœba gingivalis, [733]; and E. buccalis, [43]
Girard, effects of Trichocephalus infection, [651]
— Trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
Glas, cysticercus of tongue, [663]
Glossina austenii, characters, [605]
— brevipalpis group, characters, [606], [607]
— caliginea, characters, [605]
— characters, [603], [604]
— development of trypanosomes in, [101]
— fusca, characters, [606]
— — group, characters, [606]
— fuscipleuris, characters, [606]
— habitat of species, [605]
— larvæ of, [604]
— longipalpis, characters, [606]
— — head of, [664]
— longipennis, characters, [607]
— medicorum, characters, [607]
— morsitans, characters, [606]
— — development of Trypanosoma brucei in, [94]
— — development of Trypanosoma rhodesiense in, percentage of fly becoming infective, [82]
— — developmental cycle of Trypanosoma rhodesiense in, [81], [82]
— — geographical distribution, [608]
— — group, characters, [605]
— — — method of reproduction, [604]
— — race submorsitans, [609]
— — transmission of nagana (tsetse-fly disease) by, [93]
— — — of Trypanosoma rhodesiense by, [69], [81], [608]
— nigrofusca, characters, [606]
— pallicera, characters, [605]
— pallidipes, antenna of, [604]
— — characters, [606]
— palpalis, [100]
— — blood-sucking, [607]
— — carrier of sleeping sickness, [605], [607]
— — characters, [605]
— — development of Trypanosoma gambiense in, [74], [75]
— — geographical distribution, [607]
— — group, characters, [605]
— — larval and pupal stages, [608]
— — proportion becoming infected, [608]
— — salivary glands of, invasion by Trypanosoma gambiense, [75]
— — transmission of sleeping sickness infection by, [68]
— puparia of, [604], [605]
— special means of distinguishing species, [604]
— species of, artificial infection with human trypanosome, [605]
— spread of trypanosome diseases by, [603]
— tabaniformis, characters, [606]
— tachinoides, characters, [605]
Glycerine, mounting agent for flukes, [472]
— transference of ova of flukes to, [472]
Glycerophosphates and arsenic in bronchial spirochætosis, [633]
Glychæmalum, Mayer’s, [751]
Glyciphagi, differentiation from Tyroglyphi, [513]
— buski, [513]
— cursor, [513]
— domesticus, cause of grocer’s itch, [513]
— hippopodes, [513]
— prunorum, [513]
Glycogen, echinococcus rich in, [348]
Gnathobdellidæ, [481]
Gnathostoma hispidum, hosts of, [385]
— morphology, [384]
— siamense, infection by, associated with tumour of breast, [385]
— — morphology, [384]
— sp., hosts of, [385]
— spinigerum, [385]
— — hosts of, [385]
— — morphology, [385]
Gnathostomidæ, [384]
— characters, [374]
Gnats, see Culex
Goebel, bilharziasis, [641], [642]
Goeldia, characters, [565]
Golden beetle, intermediate host of Echinorhynchus gigas, [478]
Goldmann, male fern extract in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis, [675]
— sebirol as vermicide, [672]
— tæniol in ancylostomiasis, [686]
Goldschmidt, excretory apparatus of Ascaris lumbricoides, [367]
— formation of ova of trematodes, [223]
Golgi, description of asexual cycle in blood in case of quartan parasite, [157]
Gonder, relation of infantile kala-azar to Oriental sore, [108], [109]
— strain of Trypanosoma lewisi losing resistance to arseno-phenyl-glycin, [93]
— Theileria parva, [178]
Gordiidæ, [375]
— characters of, [479]
— larvæ of, [479]
Gordius aquaticus, [479]
— chilensis, [479]
— pustulosus, [479]
— species invading man, [479]
— tolosanus, [479]
— tricuspidatus, [479]
— varius, [479]
— villoti, [479]
— violaceus, [479]
Grabhamia, characters, [564], [576]
— dorsalis, [576]
— geographical distribution, [576]
— sollicitans, geographical distribution, [576]
Gräffe, escape of ascarides from inguinal tumour, [656]
Granate root as vermifuge, [673]
Granuloma inguinale, spirochæte associated with, [122]
Grass, harvest or gooseberry mite, see Leptus autumnalis
Grassi, Cercomonas and Trichomonas, [54]
— development of cestodes without intermediate host, [17]
— — of Trichuris trichiura, [420]
— discovery of amœbæ in stools, [30]
— experimental self-infection with Oxyuris vermicularis, [469]
— expulsion of Hymenolepis nana, [661]
— Hymenolepis nana, [324]
— larval stage of Hymenolepis diminuta, [327]
— mosquitoes in relation to human malaria, [158]
— on Entamœba coli, [32], [33]
— self-infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, [465]
Great black bug of Pampas, see Conorhinus renggeri
Gregarina blattarum, [135]
— longa from larva of crane-fly, [130]
— munieri, from Chrysomela hæmoptera, [131]
— ovata, host of, [135]
Gregarines, ectoplasm of, [131]
— endoplasm of, [131]
— gametes of, [132], [133]
— gametocytes of, [132], [133]
— mode of infection, [134]
— monocystid, [130]
— — hosts of, [130]
— morphology of, [130]
— movements of, [131]
— myonemes of, [130], [131]
— polycystid, [130], [131]
— — protomerite, deutomerite and epimerite of, [131]
— resistant spores of, purpose of, [134]
— spore-production, [132], [133]
— sporocyst of, [134]
— sporozoites of, [132], [133]
— syzygy of, [132]
— trophozoites of, [132], [133]
— zygotes of, [132], [133]
Gregarinida, characters and habitat, [28], [130]
— classification, [134]
— history of discoveries relating to, [129]
Grey ointment in crab louse infection, [712]
Grocer’s itch, cause of, [513]
Ground-itch, skin affection set up by invasion of larvæ of Ancylostomum duodenale, [455]
— treatment, [754]
Guarnieri’s bodies, [207], [209]
Gubler, case of human hepatic coccidiosis, [148]
Guermonprez, method of expulsion of ascarides, [692]
Guinea-pigs, experimental infection with Sarcocystis muris, [192]
— natural occurrence of Paraplasma in, [180]
Guinea worm, see Dracunculus medinensis
Gurley on Myxosporidia, [182], [183]
[H.]
Hæmadipsa, [482]
— blood-sucking pest in tropics, [482]
Hæmagogus, characters, [565]
Hæmalum, Mayer’s, [751]
Hæmamœba, [151], [742]
Hæmaphysalis, characters of, [497]
— leachi (dog tick), carrier of malignant jaundice in dogs, [493]
— — transmitting agent of Babesia canis, [177]
— punctata, characters and morphology, [502]
— — hosts of, [503]
— — synonyms, [502], [503]
Hæmatein, essential principle of hæmatoxylin, [751]
— solutions of, in staining flukes, [471]
Hæmatobia irritans, [610]
Hæmatopinus spinulosus, [88]
— — effect on strain of Trypanosoma lewisi being passed through, [93]
Hæmatoxylin, Delafield’s (or Grenacher’s), [751]
— Ehrlich’s acid, [751]
Hæmaturia in bilharziasis, [641]
Hæmentaria, [482]
— officinalis used medicinally, [482]
Hæmocystozoon brasiliense, [104]
Hæmoglobinuria, infectious, in cattle, cause of, [177]
Hæmogregarina balfouri (jaculi), [154]
— gerbilli, [154]
— marceaui, [154]
— nobrei, [154]
— schaudinni, var. africana, [154]
Hæmogregarines, characters of, [154], [742]
— hosts of, [153]
— in red blood corpuscles, [154]
— leucocytic, [154]
— transmission of, [153]
— variation in size and appearance of, [154]
Hæmolysis, cure, after expulsion of Ascaridæ, [649]
Hæmonchus contortus, diseases due to invasion by, [437], [438]
— — geographical distribution, [437]
— — habitat and hosts of, [437]
— — life-history, [438]
— — morphology, [436], [437]
— — symptoms caused by invasion mistaken for those of ancylostomiasis, [438]
— morphology, [436]
Hæmoproteus (Halteridium) columbæ, insects transmitting, [151], [612]
— — — life-cycle of, [152]
— — danilewskyi, [152]
Hæmorrhoidal veins, Schistosoma hæmatobium in, [273]
— — superior, plexus formed by, in rectum, [272]
Hæmorrhoids set up by migrations of Oxyuris vermicularis, [694]
Hæmosporidia, [151]
— Babesia or Piroplasma type, [154]
— characters and habitat, [28], [151]
— Hæmogregarina type, [153]
— Halteridium type, [151]
— Leucocytozoön type, [152]
— Plasmodium or Hæmamœba type, [151]
— recent views regarding, [742]
— transmission by Ixodinæ, [704]
Hagen-Thorn, cysticerci in brain, [665]
Hair, methods of getting rid of nits from, [710]
— follicles, mites of, [522]
Hake, discovery of Coccidia by, [135]
Halipegus ovocaudatus, host of, [6]
Halteridium parasites occur in blood of birds, [151]
“Halzoun,” affection of pharynx, produced by Fasciola hepatica, [242]
Hampshire, sand flies biting in, [579]
Hanau, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, [654]
Haplosporidia, [129], [194]
— characters and habitat, [29], [194]
— classification, [195]
— life-cycle, [194]
Haplosporidium, [194], [195]
— heterocirri, [195]
Harington, guinea worm infection, [676]
Harley, treatment of bilharziasis, [643]
Harmostomum leptostomum, immature specimen, [215]
Harpactor cruentas, [542]
Harris, Penn, liver-flukes in abscess of occiput, [243]
Hartmann, case of Oxyuridæ in nose, [696]
— independent description of Entamœba tetragena under name of E. africana, by, [38]
— multiplication of Trypanosoma cruzi in vertebrate host, [85]
— toxic action of Oxyuris, [651]
— and Chagas, Cercomonas parva, [737]
— and Whitmore, formation of amœbulæ, [34]
Hata, modification of Noguchi technique for cultivation of spirochætes and treponemes, [126]
Hausmann, effects of trichocephalus infection, [651]
Head louse, see Pediculus capitis
Headache in nasal myiasis, [717], [718]
Heart-water fever in sheep, carrier of, [493]
Hectopsylla, [543]
Heekes, Oxyuris in appendix, [655]
Heidenhain-Rosenbusch, iron-hæmatoxylin, [752]
Heliozoa, characters and habitat, [27]
Heller, life-history of Oxyuris vermicularis, [467], [469]
— percentage of rats infected with Trichinella, [427]
Helmerisch’s ointment, application in scabies, [706]
Helminthes, [2]
— biological, not systematic group, [2], [3]
— dead, decomposition of, [9]
— growth and agglomeration in host, [9]
— life spent in intermediate and final host, [18]
— life-history of, [18]
— multiplication of, discovery of method, [13]
— origin of, discoveries as to, [10], [11]
— ova of, mistaken for coccidia (footnote), [137]
— permanent parasites, [2]
— producing substances toxic to host, [9]
— separation of Linguatulidæ from, [2]
Helminthiasis, [9]
— meningitiformis, [649]
Helsingfors, clinic of, work done on bothriocephalus anæmia at, [644]
Hemiptera, characters, [531], [532]
— digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpetomonads, [102]
— sub-orders (footnote), [532]
Henle, investigation of Gregarinida, [129]
Henneberg, site of cysticerci in brain, [665]
Henoch, expulsion of ascarides, [693]
Hepatozoön, [154]
Heptaphlebomyia, characters, [565]
Herbst, experimental infection with encysted Trichinellæ, [423]
Hermann, eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
Hermaphroditism in permanent parasites, [4]
Herpetomonad flagellate in cultures of blood and organs of gecko, [739]
Herpetomonads, experimental infection of birds with, [739]
— hosts of, [102]
— in blood of birds, [739]
— in mice, [738], [739]
— stages of, [103]
Herpetomonas, [67], [102]
— ctenocephali, [103], [111], [112], [738]
— — inoculation experiments with, [103]
— davidi infecting plant genus Euphorbia, [104]
— jaculum, inoculation experiments with, [104], [738]
— life-history, stages of, [103]
— muscæ domesticæ, [102], [739]
— pattoni, [103], [739]
— — inoculation experiments with, [103]
— pediculi, [103], [738]
— species of, introduction into vertebrates, [103], [104], [112], [738], [739]
— stratiomyiæ, [738]
Herpetomoniases, [112], [738]
Hessler, R., Norway itch (scabies norvegica), [519], [520]
Heterogony in nematodes, [372]
Heterokaryota, [198]
Heterophyes heterophyes, geographical distribution, [264]
— — habitat, [264]
— — morphology, [263]
— — organs of, diagram showing, [263]
— — synonyms, [262]

— morphology, [262]
Heterophyiidæ, [262]
— morphology, [232]
Heterotricha, [29], [200]
Hexactinomyxon psammoryctis, spore of, [187]
Hexamastix ardin-delteili, [624], [735]
Hexapoda, classification, [431]
Higueron, milk of, in ancylostomiasis, [754]
Hilton, J., observation of encapsuled Trichinellæ, [423]
Himasthlinæ, [269]
— morphology, [233]
Hindle, avian pathogenic spirochætes, [119]
— experimental infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [117], [118]
Hippius and Lewinson, relationship of Oxyuridæ to appendicitis, [698]
Hippobosca camelina, [611]
— capensis, [611]
— equina, [611]
— maculata, [611]
— — bite of, [611]
— rufipes, [98]
— wings of various species, [611]
Hippoboscidæ, [611]
Hirudinea, [480]
— alimentary canal of, [480]
— anatomy of, [480]
— body cavity of, [480]
— cocoons of, [481]
— excretory or segmental organs of, [481]
— muscular system of, [480]
— nervous system of, [481]
— œsophagus of, [480]
— pharynx of, [480]
— sexual organs of, [481]
Hirudo granulosa, used medicinally, [482]
— medicinalis, geographical distribution, [481]
— — habitat, [481]
— — morphology, [481]
— morphology, [481]
— mysomelas, used medicinally, [482]
— troctina, characters, [482]
— — geographical distribution, [482]
Histiogaster, characters, [515]
— (entomophagus ?) spermaticus, [515]
— — — habitat, [516]
— — — synonyms, [516]
— food of, [515]
Histoplasma, [112]
— association with splenomegaly, [112]
— capsulatum, [112], [739]
Hoffmann, formation of spores in Treponema pallidum, [125]
Holostomata, ova of, development, [224]
Holostomum variabile, hosts of, [6]
Holothyrus coccinella, effects of bite of, [493]
Holotricha, [29], [199]
Homalomyia canicularis, larvæ of, [584], [585]
— — — characters and habitat, [584]
— scalaris, [585]
Homoptera (footnote), [532]
Hoplopsyllus anomalus, carrier of plague bacillus, [543], [547]
— distinctive characters, [545], [547]
Horse, piroplasmosis in, cause of, [174]
— serum in cultivation of Treponema pallidum, [126]
— sickness (Gambia), cause of, [100]
Horses attacked by Leptus autumnalis, [486]
— nagana fatal to, [94]
— organs infected with echinococcus, percentage of frequency, [347]
— “surra” in, [95]
— trypanosomes in blood of, diseases associated with, [67], [68]
Horwood, polypoid tumour of cervix uteri with Schistosoma infection, [643]
Host, influence of parasites on, [8]
House-fly, diseases spread by, [586]
— see also Musca domestica
Howard, larvæ of Piophila casei, [583]
— Melanolestes morio, [540]
— and Clark, bug carrier of virus of poliomyelitis, [536]
Howardia, characters, [567], [568]
Howardina, characters, [564]
Huber, chemically toxic effects of Ascaridæ, [650]
— limitations in male fern administration, [671]
— sites of cysticercus in body, [664]
Hulecoetomyia, characters, [564]
Human parasites, medical works on, [617]
Humble-bee, nests of, larvæ of Homalomyia canicularis found in, [584]
Hungary, Simulium columbaschensis plague in, [578]
Hünsche, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Hyalomma ægyptium, characters and morphology, [501], [502]
— — Crithidia parasitic in, [104]
Hyalomma ægyptium, farm stock sufferers from, in South Africa, [502]
— characters of, [497]
Hydatid, see Echinococcus
— disease, eosinophilia in, [652]
— intoxication, [353]
— sand, [350]
Hydrocele in filariasis, [401]
Hydrophobia, cell inclusions in, [207], [208]
Hydrotæa meteorica, characters, [611]
— — larvæ of, habitat, [585]
Hymenolepididæ, [309], [323]
Hymenolepis diminuta, [324], [662]
— — hosts of, [326]
— — — intermediate, [327], [328]
— — larva of, morphology, [328]
— — morphology, [326]
— — occurrence in man, cases reported, [326]
— — synonyms, [326]
— lanceolata, [662]
— — hosts of, [329]
— — larva, host of, [329]
— — morphology, [328]
— — synonyms, [328]
— morphology, [323]
— murina, larval stage, development into tapeworm, [305]
— nana, development, [324]
— — diagnosis of presence in body, [661]
— — expulsion of, drugs used for, [661], [662]
— — geographical distribution, [324]
— — habitat in body, [661]
— — infection with, symptoms following, [324]
— — morphology, [323]
— — occurrence in man, [326]
— — prevalence in children, [661]
— — question of identity with H. murina, [324], [325]
— — symptoms following infection by, [661]
— — synonyms, [323]
— (Tænia) murina, development without intermediate host, [17]
— — — larval stages occurring in rat flea, [17]
— — — omission of intermediate host by, [326]
Hymenoptera, characters, [531], [532]
Hypochondriac region, right, liver-fluke in, [244]
Hypoderma bovis (cattle or warble fly), [595]
— — — — — invading human integument, [595], [596]
— — — — — larvæ of, in nose, [724]
— — — — — — invading upper eyelid, [596]
— — — — — — migration in body of cattle, [595]
— diana, [596]
— lineata, [596]
— — geographical distribution, [596]
Hypotricha, [29], [200]
Hystrichopsylla, [548]
— distinctive characters, [545]
[I.]
Ichneumon, Indian, host of Paragonimus compactus, [251]
Ichthyol in chyluria from Filaria bancrofti infection, [677]
— paste, application in creeping disease, [732]
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, [206]
— — morphology and life-history, [207]
Ichthyosporidium, [195]
Ijima, experimental infection of man with Dibothriocephalus latus, [312]
— on Amœba miurai, [46]
— Tristrongylus instabilis in man, [435]
India, nasal myiasis in, [588]
— North-West Provinces, percentage of pariah dogs in, affected with Paropisthorchis caninus, [257]
Indian Plague Committee, proof of infection with Xenopsylla cheopis, [547]
Infusoria, [198]
— characters and habitat, [29], [198], [199]
— classification, [199]
— digestive processes, [26]
— encystment of, [199]
— hosts of, [199]
— macronucleus and micronucleus of, [198]
— mode of life, [199]
— morphology of, [198]
— reproduction of, [198]
Ingram, Rhinosporidium cysts, [197]
Inguinal tumour, ascarides escaping from, [656]
Inouye, lung fluke disease, [639]
Insecta, abdomen of, [529]
— anatomy, [529]
— blood of, colourless, [530]
— development of, [530]
— epidermis of, [530]
— faceted eyes of, [530]
— head of, [529]
— intestinal canal of, [530]
— metamorphosis of, [530]
— nervous system of, central, [530]
— — — intestinal, [530]
— orders of, [531]
— organs of respiration, [530]
— — of touch, smell and hearing, [530]
— pharyngeal ganglia of, [530]
— sexual organs of, [530]
— sexually distinct, [530]
— thorax of, [529]
Insect flagellates, [102], [104], [737]
— — experimentally introduced into vertebrates, [104], [112], [737], [738], [739]
Intestinal canal of Insecta, [530]
— — of nematodes, [363]
— obstruction, Ascaris in appendix causing, [654]
— — set up by ascarides, [657]
— — tract, habitat of Oxyuris vermicularis, [467]
Intestine, blood-vessels of, penetration by amœbæ, [36]
— coccidiosis of, in man, cases, [148]
— Dipylidium caninum parasitic in, [660]
— human, Entamœba coli parasite of, [618]
— — invasion by Metastrongylus apri, [433]
— — larvæ of Homalomyia found in, [584]
— — Myriapoda parasitic in, [483]
— large, cystic stage of Lamblia intestinalis found in, [59]
— — Entamœba histolytica present in, [38]
— — high injections into, in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [698]
— — human, Trichuris trichiura parasitic in, [678]
— — irrigation in gangrenous dysentery, [619]
— larvæ of Gastrophilus inhabiting, [599]
— migration of oncospheres from, to liver, [302]
— — of Oxyuris vermicularis from, lesions and irritative symptoms set up by, [694], [695]
— number of females of Ancylostoma duodenale present in, mode of reckoning (footnote), [454]
— occlusion of, due to massive accumulation of ascarides, [657]
— parasites of, in relation to appendicitis, views of authors regarding, [652], [653], [654], [655]
— — invading vermiform appendix, authors recording cases of, [652]
— pathological changes in, due to ova of Schistosoma japonicum, [281]
— perforation by Ascaris, [655], [656]
— — — following diseased processes, [656]
— small, Ascaris lumbricoides parasitic in, [687]
— — Dibothriocephalus latus parasitic in, [658]
— — human, inhabited by Tænia solium, [662]
— — — Tænia saginata parasitic in, [667]
— — inhabited by Hymenolepis nana, [661]
— — migration of Ascaris lumbricoides from, to other parts of body, [464]
— — normal habitat of Ascaris lumbricoides, [464]
— — — situation of Trichomonas intestinalis, [55]
— — possible invasion by Balantidium minutum, [204]
— stenosis of, following infection by Tænia solium, [662]
— Strongyloides stercoralis in, [755]
— ulceration of, associated with Balantidium coli, [202]
— Vorticellæ in, [206]
— see also Myiasis, intestinal
Intra vitam staining of fresh preparations of Protozoa, [746]
Inundation disease, see Kedani
Iodide, tincture of, applications in creeping disease, [731]
Iodine enemata in flagellate dysentery, [625]
— tincture of, in treatment of cutaneous and muscular cysticerci, [663]
Iodoform with bicarbonate of soda, administration of, in expulsion of ascarides, [694]
Ipecacuanha in amœbic dysentery, [619]
— de-emetinized, in balantidian dysentery, [637]
Iridocyclitis in trypanosomiasis, [623]
Iron-hæmatoxylin stain, Heidenhain’s, [752]
Isaac and van Velden, dissolution of parasitic products in serum of patients with bothriocephalus anæmia, [645]
Isospora, [149]
— bigemina, hosts of, [149]
— — morphology, [149]
— — occurrence in man, [149]
— — synonyms, [149]
Israelites, “fiery serpents” molesting, probable nature of, [386]
Itch mites, see Sarcoptidæ
Itching resulting from clothes louse infection, [711]
— set up by Tetranychus molestissimus, [488]
Ivers, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Ixodæ, characters of, [496], [497]
Ixodes, characters of, [497]
— hexagonus, characters and morphology, [500]
— — hosts of, [500]
— — synonyms, [500]
— holocyclus, characters, [499]
— — symptoms resulting from attacks of, [499]
— plumbeus (dog tick), length of life apart from host, [495]
— reduvius, act of coitus in, [495]
— — disinfection against, [704]
— — infection by, symptoms, [704]
— — larvæ of, [495]
— — life-history of, [494]
— — method of oviposition, [494]
— — see also Ixodes ricinus
— ricinus (dog tick), bite of, effects, [498]
— — — prophylaxis against, [498]
— — characters and morphology, [497], [498]
— — confusion in nomenclature, [499]
— — geographical distribution, [499]
— — habitat and hosts of, [498], [499]
— — synonyms, [499]
— — transmission of Babesia bovis by, [177]
Ixodidæ (ticks), carriers of various diseases to animals and man, [493]
— — characters of, [493]
— — classification of, [496]
— — genera of, synonyms, [497]
— — — synopsis of, [497]
Ixodinæ, characters of, [496], [497]
— transmission of Hæmosporidia by, [704]
— and Argantinæ, distinguishing features between, [505]
[J.]
Jackal, Dipylidium caninum parasitic in, [322]
Jaksch, von, causation of ancylostoma anæmia, [647]
Jamaica, Amblyomma cayennense pest in, [501]
— Margaropus annulatus australis pest to man in, [505]
James, genera of Anophelines (footnotes),562, [563]
Janowski on the Trichomonads, [55]
— presence of Cercomonads in intestine, [62]
Janthinosoma, characters, [563], [571]
Japan, Central, percentage of population infected with Clonorchis endemicus, [260]
— illness set up by kedani mite in, [487]
Japanese river or inundation disease, see Kedani
Jaundice, malignant, in dogs, carrier of, [493]
— — — cause of, [177]
Jaw, upper, nematode larvæ in periosteum of, associated with gingivitis, [378]
Jejunum, flagellate stage of Lamblia intestinalis found in, [59]
— human, habitat of Ancylostoma duodenale, [450]
Jerboa, hæmogregarine in, [154]
— inoculation of Trypanosoma lewisi into, [90]
Jews, infection with Tænia saginata, [340]
— inoculation against Oriental sore, [108]
Jigger, see Dermatophilus penetrans
Joblotina, characters, [565]
Johannseniella, [579], [580]
Johns, cultivation of malarial parasites, [170]
Jungklauss’s preparation as vermifuge, [673]
Jürgens, case of amœbæ in urine, [46]
— intestinal amœbæ, [36], [37]
[K.]
Kabyles, tamné or thimni of, [598]
Kahane, earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiura infection, [679]
— Trichocephali in appendix, [655]
— trichocephalus anæmia, [651]
Kala-azar, canine, similarity to human infantile form, [103]
— — transmission by dog fleas, [103]
— dissemination of bug possibly connected with, [107], [536]
— Indian, agents of transmission, [107]
— — geographical distribution, [105]
— — incubation period, [626]
— — mortality great, [626]
— — parasite of, [105], [626]
— — preventive measures, [626], [627]
— — symptoms and course, [626]
— — treatment, [626]
— infantile, [109], [627]
— — ætiology, [111], [627]
— — geographical distribution, [109]
— — in adolescents and adults, [109]
— — natural infection of dogs with, [110]
— — preventive measures, [627]
— — relation to Indian, [109]
— — — to Oriental sore shown experimentally, [109]
— — symptoms, [627]
— — transmission by fleas, experiments to prove, [111]
— — treatment, [627]
— possible transmission by bed bug, [107], [713]
Kaldrovils, cysticercus of eye mistaken for foreign body, [664]
Kamala as vermifuge, [673]
— in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
Kaposi’s naphthol ointment, application in scabies, [707]
Kartulis, case of amœbæ in urine, [46]
— cerebral abscesses in amœbiasis, [35]
— discovery of amœbæ in stools of dysentery patients, [30]
— Entamœba kartulisi, [44]
— experiments proving connection of amœbæ with dysentery, [30]
— Sarcosporidia in man, [194]
Karyolysus, [154]
Kautsky, bilharziasis, [641]
Kayser, eye affections due to Lucilia macellaria, [721]
Kedani (Japanese river or inundation disease), [487], [703]
— — — — — prophylaxis against, [703]
— — — — — symptoms, [703]
— mite, [487]
— — characters of, [487]
Kelly, bilharziasis of appendix, [642]
Kent, Herpetomonas and Leptomonas, [102]
Kerosene, destruction of Tabanidæ by, [601]
Kerteszia, characters, [562], [569]
Kholodkowsky, post-mortem discovery of Opisthorchis felineus, [253]
Kidney and liver cells, yellow pigment in, in ancylostomiasis, [647]
Kinghorn, transmission of Trypanosoma rhodesiense, [69]
— and Yorke, tsetse-fly transmitting Trypanosoma rhodesiense, [608]
— — transmission of Trypanosoma rhodesiense, [81]
Kirmisson, trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
Klebs, early researches on malaria, [156]
Klencke, early mention and depiction of malarial parasites, [157]
Kloss, researches on Coccidia, [136]
Klossia, [141]
Knackers’ yards, infection of rats with Trichinella in, [427]
Knoch, J., views on development of cestodes, [16]
Kobayashi, second intermediate host for Clonorchis endemicus, [261]
Koch, R., artificial infection of species of Glossina with human trypanosome, [605]
— — discovery of amœbæ in stools of dysentery patients, [30]
— — investigations of Proteosoma and Halteridium in birds, [158]
— — relapses and latent infection of malaria, [158]
— — researches on malaria, [158]
— — — on Spirochæta duttoni, [117]
Koch’s blue bodies in Theileria parva, [179]
Kölliker, investigation of gregarines, [129]
Koneff, favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridæ, [650]
Kousso flowers as vermifuge, [673]
— in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
Kraft, filmaron as vermifuge, [672]
Kruse and Pasquale, nomenclature of amœbæ, [31]
Küchenmeister, F., experimental rearing of tapeworms, [15]
— — experiments as to metamorphosis of tapeworms, [15]
— — expulsion of Ascaridæ, [693]
— — nature of cysticerci, [282]
Kuhnt, infection of human eye with filaria,

[406]
Kummerfeld’s wash for clothes lice, [616]
Kunstler, genus Giardia, [736]
Kurlow, blood-stained diarrhœa from Strongyloides stercoralis infection, [675]
Kütner, favourable effect of expulsion of Ascaridæ, [649]
— treatment of bilharziasis, [643]
[L.]
Labadie-Lagrave and Deguy, invasion of lymphatic vessels by Onchocerca volvulus, [418]
Labbé, copulation in Coccidia, [137]
Lacompte, nematodes in human eye, [412]
Lælaps echidninus, Leishman granules in, [493]
— stabularis, [493]
Lafleur, see Councilman and Lafleur
Lagocheilascaris, characters, [466]
— minor, host of, [467]
— — lesions set up by, [467]
— — morphology, [467]
Lakes, mosquitoes depositing ova in, [553]
Lama, possible carrier of leprosy, [613]
Lambkin’s mercury cream in treatment of syphilis prevailing in Uganda, [632]
Lambl, discovery of human intestinal amœbæ, [29]
Lamblia intestinalis, [57], [625], [736]
— — association with diarrhœa, [59], [60], [625]
— — — — treatment, [625]
— — characters, [57]
— — flagella of, [57], [58]
— — hosts of, [59]
— — infection with, [60]
— — nuclear apparatus, [58]
— — site in intestine of flagellate and cystic stages, [59]
— — synonyms, [57], [736]
Lankester, liver-fluke in abscess of ear, [244]
— Sarcocystis, [193]
Lankesterella, [154]
Larva migrans, [599]
Larvæ, dipterous, in conjunctiva, [716]
— — in nasal accessory sinuses, [717]
— — in nose in enormous numbers, [716], [717]
— in wounds, movement of, [723]
— see also under Names of Parasites
Larvicides, use in campaign against mosquitoes, [636]
Larynx, ascarides invading, [691]
— leeches in, [699], [700]
La Spada, echinococcus of liver rupturing into abdominal cavity, [652]
Lasioconops, characters, [564]
Lassar’s paste, application in creeping disease, [732]
Laurer’s canal of trematodes, [221], [222]
Laveran, A., classification of trypanosomes, [71]
— — cross-immunity experiments with Trypanosoma rhodesiense and T. brucei, [80], [94]
— — — — with trypanosomes, [80]
— — discovery of true malarial parasites by, [157]
— — latent forms of trypanosomes, [74]
— — on Leucocytozoa, [153], [742]
— — Trypanosoma pecaudi, [95]
— — and Franchini, inoculation experiments with Crithidia fasciculata, [104]
— — — — — with Herpetomonas ctenocephali, [103]
— — — — — with H. pattoni, [103]
— — and Mesnil, isolation of sarcocystin, [191]
— — — on the spore of Sarcocystis tenella, [193]
— — — “Trypanosomes et Trypanosomiases,” [617]
— — and Thiroux, treatment of sleeping sickness, [623]
Laverania, characters, [164], [569]
— malariæ (Plasmodium falciparum), crescents of, [162], [167], [168]
— — — — — sites of development, [169]
— — — — cultivation of, clumping in, [172]
— — — — cultures of, number of spores produced, [172]
— — — — development, duration of, [167]
— — — — distinctive characters of, [169]
— — — — invasion of spleen by, [168]
— — — — merozoites, number of, [168]
— — — — number in one red blood corpuscle, [167]
— — — — oöcysts of, in stomach of Anopheles, [163]
— — — — oökinete of, in stomach of Anopheles maculipennis, [162]
— — — — parasite of malignant tertian or sub-tertian fever, [167]
— — — — — — — — and quotidian malaria, [167], [633]
— — — — pathological effects, [634]
— — — — question of varieties or subspecies, [167]
— — — — “signet-ring” stage, [167]
— — — — sporozoites, [169]
— — — — stages of development in intestine of Anopheles maculipennis, [162]
— — — — synonyms, [167]
— — — — trophozoites of, [167], [168]
Lee, R. J., creeping disease, [729]
Leeches in upper air passages, [699], [700]
— — — — cases reported by various authors, [699], [700], [701]
— — — — mention among ancient writers, [699], [700]
— invading body, means of riddance, [701]
— see also Hirudinea, Rhyncobdellidæ
Leeuwenhoek, opposition to theory of spontaneous generation, [10]
Léger, L., classification of Coccidiidea, [141], [142]
— genus Crithidia, [104]
— researches on Coccidia, [137]
Léger, M., proportion of population in Tonkin infected with Clonorchis endemicus, [260]
Léger, M. and A., proposed classification of Leucocytozoa, [153]
Leichtenstern, bothriocephalus anæmia, [646]
— toxic symptoms following thymol administration, [686]
Leidy, genus Endamœba, [31], [34], [734]
Leignathus sylviarum, [493]
Leiper, R. T., Gastrodiscoides, [236]
— — host of Filaria loa, [601]
— — identity of Œsophagostomum brumpti with Œs. apiostomum, [444]
— — report of Bilharzia Mission under, [277]
Leipzig, frequency of infection of various organs of animals with echinococcus slaughtered at, [347]
Leisering, percentage of rats infected with Trichinella, [427]
Leishman, Sir W. B., experimental researches on infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [117], [118]
— — — on parasite of Indian kala-azar, [105]
— — — treatment of Indian kala-azar, [626]
Leishman-Donovan body, see Leishmania donovani
Leishman granules in Lælaps echidninus, [493]
Leishmania, [67], [104]
— donovani, [105]
— — cause of Indian kala-azar, [105], [626]
— — cultivation methods, [106]
— — inoculation experiments with, [107]
— — localization of infection, [105]
— — morphology, [105], [106]
— — possible mode of transmission, [107]
— evolution from flagellates of invertebrates, [739]
— infantum, cause of infantile kala-azar, [105], [109], [627]
— — cultivation methods, [109]
— — immunity to, [112]
— — in dogs, [110]
— — inoculation, [110]
— — — animals suitable for, [110]
— — probable transmitter, [111]
— probable origin of, [103], [739]
— tropica, [105], [107]
— — cause of Oriental sore, [105], [107], [627]
— — cultivation methods, [108]
— — hosts of, [108]
— — inoculation, experimental, [108]
— — possible transmitters, [108]
— — synonyms, [107]
Leishmaniasis, cutaneous, [107]
— dermo-mucosal, supposed mode of transmission in Paraguay, [739]
— evolution of, relation of experimental introduction of insect flagellates into vertebrates on, [737], [738], [739]
— experimental production in white mice, [103]
— geographical distribution, [105], [107], [109]
— infantile, see Kala-azar, infantile
— naso-oral, see Espundia
— possible reservoirs, [738], [739]
— treatment, [626–629]
Leishman’s stain, [750]
Lemaire, herpetomonad flagellate in cultures of blood and organs of gecko, [739]
Lenhartz, bothriocephalus anæmia, [646]
Lentospora cerebralis, [184]
Lepidoptera, characters, [531], [532]
Leprosy, possible carrier of, [579], [613]
Leptidæ, [603]
— blood-sucking species, [603]
— characters, [603]
Leptis scolopacea, [603]
— strigosa, [603]
Leptodera, life-history of, [19]
— appendiculata, occasional parasite, [7]
— pellio, facultative parasitism of, [8]
Leptomonas, [102]
— bütschlii, [102]
Leptotheca, [184]
Leptus autumnalis (grass, harvest or gooseberry mite), animals attacked by, [486]
— — skin irritation set up by, [702]
— — habitat of, [485]
— — hosts of, [485], [486]
— — nut and fruit pickers affected by, [485]
— — skin affection set up by, [485], [486]
— — so-called proboscis of, [485], [486]
— geographical distribution of species, [486]
— undescribed species of, [486]
Lesbini, dipterous larvæ in nose in enormous numbers, [717]
Letulle, pathological changes in rectum due to Schistosoma hæmatobium, [274]
Leuckart, R., advances in helminthology due to, [15], [16]
— — attempt at self-infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, [464], [465]
— — change of host in parasites, [20], [21]
— — classes of parasites, [1]
— — development of Acanthocephala and Linguatulida, [17]
— — — of alveolar echinococcus, [357], [358]
— — — of nematodes, [17]
— — — of Trichinella spiralis, [423]
— — distinction between Cercomonas and Trichomonas, [54]
— — experimental self-infection with Oxyuris vermicularis, [469]
— — facultative parasitism, [7]
— — feeding experiments with Tænia saginata, [340]
— — — — with Trichinellæ, [423]
— — growth of echinococcus, [354]
— — heterogony in Strongyloides stercoralis, [381]
— — method of infection with Trichuris ovis, [420]
— — migration of oncospheres, [302]
— — name of Coccidia first given by, [135]
— — Trichocephalus in association with cholera, [658]
— — and Thomas, P., life-history of liver-fluke, [241]
Leucocytogregarina, [154]
— canis, life-cycle diagram, [155]
— — transmission from dog to dog by tick, [155]
Leucocytogregarines, [154]
Leucocytosis in bilharziasis, [642]
Leucocytozoa, action of, on red blood cells, [153], [742]
— classification proposed, [153]
— hosts of, [153]
— morphology of, [153]
— schizogony of, [153], [742]
Leucocytozoon type of Hæmosporidia, [152]
— lovati, schizogony in, [153]
— ziemanni, schizogony in, [153]
Leucomaines, effects on living organisms, [9]
Levaditi, cultivation of spinal ganglia of rabid monkeys, [210]
Lewandowsky, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Lewin, expulsion of Ascarides, [693]
Lewis, finding of intestinal amœbæ, [29]
— studies of filariasis, [391]
Leydenia, [49]
— gemmipara, [49]
— — in ascites, [49]
— — association with possible ascites and malignant growth in abdomen, [49], [50]
— — characters of, [49]
— — cytoplasm containing blood corpuscles, [50]
— — pseudopodia of, joining several individuals, [49]
Leydig, psorosperms, [181]
Lice, Herpetomonads in gut of, [103]
— transmission of relapsing fever by, [120]
— wingless, owing to parasitic life, [3]
— see also Pediculidæ
Lieberkühn, investigations of Coccidia, [135]
— — of gregarines, [130]
— psorosperms, [181]
Liesen, Ascaris in peritoneal cavity, [656]
Ligula, excretory apparatus, collecting tubes, island formation, [292]
— plerocercoid of, [300]
Limatus, characters, [565]
Limnæus, species other than L. truncatulus intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica, [242]
— truncatulus, amount of ova deposited by, [242]
— — geographical distribution, [241]
— — intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica (?), [240], [241]
— — — hosts of liver-fluke, [240], [241]
Limnatis, characters, [482]
— nilotica, characters, [482]
— — geographical distribution, [482]
— — habitat, [482]
— — only leech of clinical importance as parasite, [699], [701]
— — synonyms, [482]
Lindblad, Dipylidium caninum, [660]
Lindner, G., peritrichal Infusoria (stalkless Vorticella), [206]
Lindsay, possible mode of transmission of dermo-mucosal leishmaniasis to man in Paraguay, [739]
Linguatula, [523], [524]
— rhinaria, characters and morphology, [524]
— — development and life-history of, [524], [525], [526]
— — larvæ of, [524], [525]
— — occurrence at autopsies, [526]
— — organs of body invaded by, [524], [525], [526]
— — ova of, [524], [525]
— — parasitic in nasal cavity of animals and man, [523], [524]
— — synonyms, [524]
— serrata, hosts of, [527]
— — synonyms (footnote), [527]
Linguatulida, development of, [17]
Linguatulidæ, blood-sucking, [523]
— change of original features in, [4]
— characters and morphology, [523]
— hosts of, [523]
— larvæ of, [523]
— nature of, [2]
— relation to Arachnoidea, [19]
— separation from Helminthes, [2]
Lini, escape of Ascarides from umbilicus, [656]
Linnæus, discoveries as to origin of Helminthes, [10], [11]
— so-called dysentery infection due to mites, [512]
Lipari, cysticerci of brain, [664]
Lipuria in bilharziasis, [641]
Lithocystis, endoplasm of, contents, [131]
Liver, abscess of, association of Entamœba histolytica with, [35]
— — — of Noc’s entamœba with, [41]
— — caused by invasion of Ascaridæ, [690]
— — due to amœbic dysentery, treatment, [620]
— — set up by amœbæ, [35]
— and bile-ducts, habitat of Clonorchis endemicus, [259], [260]
— and kidney cells, yellow pigment in, in ancylostomiasis, [647]
— and portal vein, Schistosoma hæmatobium most easily found post mortem in, [273]
— coccidiosis of, in man, cases, [148]
— encystment of Porocephalus constrictus in, [526], [527]
— female Ascarides depositing ova in, [689]
— human, eggs of Schistosoma japonicum, showing “spines” and “hoods” at opposite pole, [279]
— invasion by larvæ of Linguatula rhinaria, [525], [526]
— migration of oncospheres from intestine to, [302]
— pathological changes associated with invasion by Opisthorchis felineus, [253]
— — — in, due to ova of Schistosoma japonicum, [281]
— — — set up by Clonorchis endemicus, [260]
Liver-fluke, supposed origin of, [10]
— see also Fasciola hepatica
— disease, diagnosis, [242]
— — in man, [242]
— — in sheep, [238]
— — — ravages caused by, [238], [239]
— — — stages of, [240], [241]
— — pathological anatomy, [241]
— — symptoms, [239]
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, expedition to investigate trypanosome infections, [68]
Lizards, hæmogregarines from, [154]
Loa, morphology, [409], [411]
— loa, duration of life of, [414]
— — early historical accounts of, [412]
— — geographical distribution, [414]
— — larvæ of, in blood, [412], [414]
— — — periodicity, [413]
— — — structure, [412]
— — lesions produced through invasion by, [413], [414]
— — life-history, [414]
— — morphology, [409], [411]
— — ova of, [410]
— — sites of body invaded by, [412], [678]
— — synonyms, [409]
Lobaczewski, prophylaxis against body, head and clothes lice, [615]
Löbker, cause of ancylostome anæmia, [648]
Locusts injurious to man, [542]
Looss, infection by Ancylostoma duodenale through skin, [683]
— origin of lateral-spined eggs of Schistosoma hæmatobium, [273]
— prevalence of Heterophyes heterophyes, [264]
— skin affections set up by invasion of larvæ of Ancylostoma duodenale, [455]
— symptoms of lymphangitis from Filaria bancrofti infection, [676]
— toxic action of ancylostomes, [647]
— Trichostrongylus instabilis in man, [435]
Lophius piscatorius, [186]
Lophoscelomyia, characters, [562], [568]
Lösch, discovery of intestinal amœbæ in case of dysentery, [29], [30], [32]
Löschia, [34]
Lota vulgaris, see Burbot
Lounsbury, life-cycle of Amblyomma hebræum, [495]
Louse disease, historical instances of death from, [711]
Low, personal experiments with regard to malaria infection, [158]
— treatment of Oriental sore, [628]
Lucilia argyrocephala cause of myiasis in French West Africa, [614]
— cæsar, [588]
— macellaria, larvæ of, causing eye diseases, [721]
— — — in nose, [715], [716]
— — — — see also Myiasis, nasal
— — — on cutaneous surface, [721], [722]
— — — penetrating auditory meatus, [721]
— nobilis, larvæ (maggots) of, discharge from auditory meatus, [588]
— sericata, [588]
Lumbricosis, typhoid, [650]
Lumbricus, Monocystis agilis from seminal vessels of, [130], [132]
— teres, see Ascaris lumbricoides, [464]
Lund’s larva, characters, [593]
Lung, abscess of, set up by amœbæ, [35]
— amœbæ found in, [45]
— Balantidium coli occurring in, [202]
— bilharziasis of, [642], [643]
— gangrene of, possible occurrence of Cercomonads in, [62]
— invasion by Fasciola gigantica, [245]
— — by Paragonimus ringeri, [251]
— — by Schistosoma hæmatobium, [274]
— Trichomonads found in, [56]
Lung-fluke disease, geographical distribution, [639]
— — prognosis, [640]
— — symptoms, [639]
— — treatment, [640]
Lussana, toxic theory of ancylostome anæmia, [646]
Lütz, ascarides in pulmonary artery, [656]
— Ceratopogoninæ described by, [580]
— experimental infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, [465]
— favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridæ, [649]
— perforative peritonitis due to Ascaris, [656]
Lyctocoris campestris, bite of, [541]
— — characters, [541]
Lygæidæ, characters, [541]
Lymphangitis from Filaria bancrofti infection, symptoms, [676]
— in filariasis, [401]
Lymphatic glands, enlarged, in filariasis, [402]
— vessels and glands, destruction without lymphatic obstruction, [401]
— — — distribution and connections of, [400], [401]
— vessels, invasion by

Onchocerca volvulus, [418], [419]
Lymphatics, Strongyloides stercoralis in, [755]
Lynch, human trichomoniasis, [734]
Lynchia, transmitting Halteridium, [151]
Lyperosia, differentiation from Stomoxys, [610]
— exigua, life-history, [610]
— irritans, var. weisii, [610]
[M.]
Macacus sinicus, inoculation with Leishmania donovani, [107]
MacCallum, “exflagellation,” [152]
— investigations of Proteosoma and Halteridium in birds, [158]
McDonagh, J. E. R., life-cycle of organism of syphilis, [124]
MacFadyean and Stockman, Babesia divergens, [177]
Macfie, Trypanosoma nigeriense, [76]
— and Gallagher, treatment of sleeping sickness, [622]
Mackenzie, periodicity of larvæ of Filaria bancrofti in peripheral blood, [393]
Mackie, suggested transmission of relapsing fever by lice, [120]
— treatment of Indian kala-azar, [628]
Macleayia, characters, [563]
MacNeal, see Novy and MacNeal
Macrostoma mesnili, [57], [735]
Maculæ cærulæ (taches bleues) due to infection by crab louse, [712]
Maggots, see under Names of Parasites and Regions of Body
— in nose, see Myiasis, nasal
Magnesium sulphate in flagellate dysentery, [625]
Maillard, fatal cases of nasal myiasis, [718]
Majochi, case of intertrigo set up by Oxyuris vermicularis, [696]
— infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Mal de caderas in horses, trypanosomes associated with, [68]
— — trypanosome causing, [96]
Malaria, acute, [156]
— atypical forms, [634]
— campaign against, commencement and progress of, [158]
— chronic, [156]
— development of parasites of, [159]
— diagnosis (pathognomonic signs), [635]
— geographical distribution, [155]
— historical, [157]
— in birds spread by Culex, [158]
— in man, [155]
— latent, in children of natives, [158]
— masked, [156]
— parasites of, [164–170], [633]
— — asexual generation, cultivation in vitro, [170]
— — copulation, [160], [161], [162]
— — exflagellation (footnote), [162]
— — gametocytes of, [160], [161], [162]
— — human, development, [159]
— — — — occurs only in Anopheles, [158], [159]
— — — differential characters, [171]
— — — species of, [164], [633]
— — — — see also Laverania malariæ, Plasmodium malariæ, Plasmodium relictum, Plasmodium vivax
— — macrogametes of, [160], [161], [162]
— — merozoites of, [159], [160]
— — methods of detecting, [747]
— — microgametes of, [160], [161], [162]
— — movements, discovery of, [157]
— — not transmissible to mammals, [159]
— — oökinetes, [160], [161], [163]
— — schizogony of, [161], [172]
— — sporozoites of, [159], [160], [164]
— — — penetration of red blood corpuscles by, [159], [160]
— sporulation, [160], [161], [163]
— pigmentation of organs, [165] (footnote), [634]
— prevention of constipation during, [635]
— preventive measures against mosquitoes, [635], [636]
— — — against parasite in man, [635], [636]
— — — by quinine administration, [636]
— prophylaxis, [636], [637]
— relief of symptoms, [635]
— symptoms, [156], [633]
— synonyms, [155], [633]
— tertian, malignant, paroxysms of, [634]
— treatment by quinine, [635]
Malarial fever, quartan, [156]
— — — duplex or triplex, appearance of, [167]
— — — parasite of, [166]
— — malignant or sub-tertian, parasite of, [167]
— — — pernicious symptoms, explanation, [172]
— — quotidian, [156]
— — rhythmical, course of, [155]
— — symptoms, [155], [633]
— — tertian, [156]
— — — simple or spring, parasite of, [164]
— — typical, clinical features, [633], [634]
Male fern, administration to children, [671], [672]
— — emulsion, injection of, [671]
— — ethereal extract best vermifuge for Tænia saginata, [670]
— — — — dosage and method of administration, [670], [671]
— — extract of, expulsion of Hymenolepis nana by, [661]
— — — in bilharziasis, [643]
— — — in expulsion of ancylostomes, [686]
— — —in intestinal myiasis, [728]
— — poisoning, [670], [671]
— — — antidotes to and remedies for, [671]
— — — bad effects on vision, [670]
Malignant malarial parasites, sporulation, influence of temperature on, [163]
— — — — stages of, [163]
Mallory’s bodies, [208]
Mamma, tumours of, association of Dioctophyme gigas with, [431]
Mammals, human malarial parasites not transmissible to, [159]
— leucocytogregarines in, [154], [155]
— red blood corpuscles of, Babesia parasitic in, [154]
Man, incidental parasites of, [7]
— infection with animal trypanosome, [96]
— parasites found only in, [6]
Mange, see Dog mange
Mangold, feeding experiments with Tænia from multilocular echinococcus, [358]
Manguinhosia, characters, [562], [568], [569]
Manson, Sir Patrick, development of Paragonimus ringeri, [251]
— — — discovery of Sparganum mansoni, [317]
— — — infection of skin by Filaria perstans, [378]
— — — on Spirochæta carteri, [631]
— — — pathognomonic signs of malaria, [635]
— — — prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis, [685]
— — — researches on malaria, [158], [635]
— — — studies of filariasis, [391]
— — — treatment of Indian kala-azar, [626]
— — — — of Oriental sore, [628]
Manson, P. T., infected with malaria by infected mosquitoes, [158]
Mansonia, [577]
Manson’s method of administration of atoxyl in sleeping sickness, [622]
Manteufel, immunity of Ornithodorus moubata against infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [119]
Marchiafava, discovery of movements in malarial parasites, [157]
Marchoux, amœbic abscesses in liver of experimental cats, [35]
— Spirochæta gallinarum, [119]
— and Couvy, Leishman granules in Lælaps echidninus, [493]
Mareo, Helminthiasis meningitiformis, [649]
Margaropus annulatus australis, hosts of, [505]
— — — pest to man in Jamaica in larval stage, [505]
— characters of, [497]
— microplus, [505]
Marx, male fern administration, [671]
— toxic action of male fern, [670]
Marzinovsky, prophylaxis against Pediculus vestimenti, [616]
Mastigophora, [28], [50], [760]
— aggregation rosettes of, [51]
— characters and habitat, [28]
Mathis, carriers of Entamœba histolytica, [40]
— diarrhœa due to Lamblia intestinalis, [625]
— Lamblia intestinalis, [59], [60]
— modification of Novy-MacNeal medium, [744]
Maurer’s dots, [168], [170], [171]
Maxillary sinus, Scolopendra in, [721]
Mayer’s glychæmalum, [751]
— hæmalum, [751]
Mbori in dromedaries, [96]
Measles, [207]
Meat inspection, decrease of cysticerci in pork effected by, [334]
Meatus, auditory, larvæ of Anthomyia pluvialis found in, [584]
— — Rhinosporidium in, [196]
— — maggots of Lucilia nobilis in, [588]
— — synonyms, [438]
Mecistocirrus, habitat, [438]
— morphology, [438]
— fordi, morphology, [438], [439]
— — — synonyms, [438]
Medullary layer of Cestoda, [289]
Megarhininæ, characters, [563], [570]
Megarhinus, characters, [563], [570]
Mégnin, development of cestodes, [16]
Mehlis, discovery of progeny of Distoma, Typhlocœlum flavum, and Cathæmasia hians, [12]
Mehlis’ gland secretion in trematodes, [223]
Melanoconion, distinguishing characters, [564], [576]
— atratus, characters, [576]
— — geographical distribution, [576]
Melanolestes abdominalis, [540]
— morio, geographical distribution, [540]
— — synonyms, [540]
Mello-Leitao, flagellate dysentery in children, [56], [624]
Melnikow-Raswedenkow, development of alveolar echinococcus, [357], [358]
Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked), bite of, [611]
— — — — Crithidia inhabiting, [104]
Meningitis, fatal, peenash terminating in, [716]
— symptoms of, due to Ascaridæ infection, [649]
— terminating nasal myiasis fatally, [718]
Mense, expulsion of Guinea worm, [676]
Mercier, nematodes in human eye, [412]
Mercury, benzoate of, in infantile kala-azar, [627]
— cream (Lambkin’s) in syphilis prevailing in Uganda, [632]
— in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis, [675]
Mermis, [469]
— hominis oris, [469]
Mermithidæ, [469]
— characters, [375]
Merogregarina, [135]
Merogony, [185]
Meront, [185]
Merozoites of Coccidiidea, [138], [139], [140]
— of malarial parasites, [161]
Mesenteric vein, superior, tributary of portal vein, [272]
Mesnil, on Actinomyxidia, [187]
— on Hæmosporidia, [742]
— on Haplosporidia, [194]
— and Ringenbach, cross-immunity experiments with trypanosomes, [80]
— — trypanolytic reactions, [80]
— see also Laveran and Mesnil
Messineo, effects of experimental injection of extracts of Tænia, [648]
Metagonimus, [264]
— Yokogawa yokogawai, [264], [753]
— — — geographical distribution, [265]
— — — habitat, [265]
— — — host and intermediate host, [265]
— — — life-history, [265]
— — — morphology, [264]
Metastrongylinæ, characters, [432]
Metastrongylus, morphology, [432]
— apri, hosts of, [433]
— — in man, cases recorded, [433]
— — invasion of air-passages by, [433]
— — morphology, [432]
— — synonyms, [432]
Methyl green, [752]
Methylene blue in bilharziasis, [643]
— — in flagellate diarrhœa, [625]
Metorchiinæ, [261]
— morphology, [232]
Metorchis, [261]
— conjunctus, organs of, diagram showing, [258]
— truncatus, habitat and hosts of, [262]
— — morphology, [261], [262]
— organs of, diagram showing, [262]
Metschnikoff, intestinal parasites in relation to appendicitis, [652], [653]
— prophylaxis against oxyuriasis, [697]
Meyer, disturbances of vision in male fern poisoning, [670]
Mibelli, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Mice, experimental infection with herpetomonads, [103], [104], [112], [737], [738], [739]
— — — with Sarcocystis muris, [191]
— — — with Spirochæta duttoni, [117]
— natural herpetomonads in, [738], [739]
— occasionally hosts of Hymenolepis diminuta, [326]
— Sarcosporidia in, [187]
— spherical contracted forms of Trichomonas intestinalis in, [56]
Michelson, case of intertrigo set up by Oxyuris vermicularis, [696]
Microgametes of Coccidiidea, [137], [139], [140]
Microscope, use of, discoveries of parasites from, [10]
Microsporidia, [129], [184]
— characters and habitat, [28]
— morphology of, [185]
— various pathogenic members, [186]
Midges, see Chironomidæ, Ceratopogoninæ, Psychodidæ
Miescher’s tubes, [187], [188]
Mikrofilaria bancrofti, prevalence in blood, prevalence of filarial diseases proportionate to, [400]
— — and Mikroloa loa, distinction between, [398]
— diurna, larvæ of Loa loa, [412]
— — presence in blood, [412], [414]
— perstans, morphology, [416]
— — and M. diurna, simultaneous presence in blood, [414]
— philippinensis, [407]
— powelli, [407]
Mikrofilariæ, periodic, [393], [394]
Milk cure in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis, [675]
Milton, bilharzial vaginitis, [643]
— treatment of bilharziasis, [643]
Mimomyia, characters, [565]
Minchin on genus Entamœba, [733]
— researches on Trypanosoma lewisi, [89–92]
— see also Nicoll and Minchin
Minchin and Fantham, on Rhinosporidium kinealyi, [195], [196], [197]
Minchin and Woodcock on Trypanosoma noctuæ, [737]
Mineral waters in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Miners, prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis in, [684]
Mines infected with ancylostomes, disinfection of, [685]
Miracidia of digenetic trematodes, morphology of, [226], [227]
Miracidium, germ cells of, [227]
Mitchell, treatment of Oriental sore, [628]
Mites attacking man, geographical distribution of species, [486]
— case of so-called dysentery said to be due to, [512]
— living endoparasitically in animals and birds, [491]
— see also Acarina
— see also Arachnoidea
Mochlonyx, [565]
Moiriez, species of Chorioptes found on man, [521]
Moldovan, schizogony in Leucocytozoon ziemanni, [153]
Molluscs, spirochætes in, [114]
— fresh-water, round Cairo, cercariæ of bilharzia type in, [277]
Molluscum contagiosum, [207], [208]
Monas pyophila, [62]
— — characters of, [62]
Mondière, perforation of appendix by Ascaris, [655]
Monera, [26]
Moniez, Aleurobius (Tyroglyphus) farinæ, [511]
— on derivation of entozoa, [21]
Monkeys, dysentery in, associated with presence of Œsophagostomum apiostomum, [444]
— experimental infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [117]
— inoculation experiments with yaws upon, [128]
— rabid, spinal ganglia of, cultivation, [210]
— Trypanosoma simiæ virulent to, [100]
Monocystis, hosts of, [134], [135]
— agilis from seminal vessels of Lumbricus, [130], [132]
— life-cycle of, [132], [133]
Monogenea, canalis vitello-intestinalis, [222]
— ova of, deposition, [223], [224]
— post-embryonic development in, [224]
Monostomum lentis, [244]
Monothalamia (testaceous amœbæ), characters of, [47]
Montgomery, transmission of rinderpest, [742]
Moore and Breinl, latent bodies of Trypanosoma gambiense, [77]
Moosbrugger, earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiura infection, [679]
— trichocephalus anæmia, [651]
Moriggia, Glyciphagus cursor, [513]
Morkowitin, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
Morphia, injection of, in relief of griping and straining in amœbic dysentery, [618], [619]
Morsasca, trichocephalus anæmia, [651]
Moscato, chyluria following infection by Eustrongylus gigas, [682]
Mosquito nets, use of, [636]
— worm in Trinidad, [598]
— — — how destroyed, [598]
Mosquitoes, abdomen, [550]
— acting as hosts of Filaria bancrofti, [398]
— alimentary canal, [550], [551]
— anatomical remarks on, [548]
— antennæ of, [548]
— aquatic in larval and pupal stages, [555]
— breeding places of, [553], [557]
— campaign against, in prevention of malaria, [636]
— copulation of, [553]
— distinguishing features of Chironomidæ (midges) from, [579]
— females alone blood-suckers, [552]
— — fertilized in autumn, hibernation of, [555]
— first development of malarial parasite in, traced in Plasmodium relictum, [170]
— labrum, labium, and hypopharynx, [548], [549]
— larvæ, food of, [557]
— — living in salt water, [557]
— — position assumed in water, [557]
— length of egg, larval and pupal life, [555]
— maxillæ and mandibles, [548], [549]
— ova of, [558]
— — float on water, [559]
— — localities for deposition of, [553]
— proboscis of, [548]
— pupæ of, [558]
— spread of malaria in birds by, [158]
— systematic remarks on, [548]
— typical structure of, diagram showing, [558]
— ubiquitous existence of, [555]
— see also Culicidæ
Moth-like appearance of Psychodidæ, [581]
Mott, F. W., association of Treponema with general paralysis, [125]
Moty, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
Mouqui, mite attacking man, [486]
Mouth, human, cultivation of species of Treponema from, [741]
— — spirochætes in, [122], [740]
— infection with Oxyuris vermicularis solely through, [469]
— maggots in, [721]
Mucidus, characters, [563], [571]
Mulder, infection with Demodex folliculorum, [708]
Mules, murrina in, trypanosome causing, [98]
— “surra” in, [95]
Müller, D., echinococcus cysts causing urticaria, [651]
Müller, J., discovery of Myxosporidia, [181]
— O. F., discovery of and views as to cercariæ, [12]
— — — of origin of tapeworms by, [11]
Müller’s psorosperms, [135]
Murrina in mules, trypanosome causing, [98]
Musca domestica (common house-fly), [586]
— — breeding grounds, destruction of, [586]
— — characters, [585], [586]
— — destruction of, methods, [586]
— — diseases spread by, [586]
— — hibernation as puparia, [586]
— — larvæ (maggots) of, characters, [586]
— — life-cycle of, [586]
— — ova of, places where deposited, [586]
— — pupa of, [586]
— pattoni, [611]
Muscidæ, [584]
— African, larvæ of, [590]
— — — causing myiasis in man (footnote), [590]
— blood-sucking, [603]
— larvæ of, other than Lucilia, in nose, [720]
Muscles, encystment of Trichinella spiralis in,

[425]
— invasion by Trichinella spiralis, [424], [425]
— of nematodes, [361]
— sarcosporidia in, [191]
Muscular system of Hirudinea, [480]
Musgrave, on human intestinal amœbæ, [31]
— and Clegg’s culture media for amœbæ, [743]
Mussels, fresh-water, spirochætes of, [114]
Mutualists, nature of, [6]
Myiasis, [715]
— auricular, [615]
— — treatment, [615]
— dermatosa œstrosa, [725]
— due to Sarcophaga, [589], [590]
— externa, [715]
— — methods of treatment recommended by various authors, [719], [720]
— — rare situations of, [723]
— gastric, treatment, [728]
— human, occurring in mountains of Central Sahara, [598]
— in French West Africa, cause of, [614]
— intestinal, [725], [726]
— — chronic, [726]
— — — complicated by mucous colitis, [726], [727]
— — diagnosis, [728]
— — irrigation of rectum in, [728]
— — larvæ of different species of flies found in, [728]
— — modes of infection, [727]
— — — — views of various authors on, [727]
— — prognosis, [728]
— — prophylaxis, [728]
— — symptoms, [726]
— — treatment, [728]
— — and cutaneous, fly causing, [585]
— larvæ of African Muscidæ causing (footnote), [590]
— nasal, [715]
— — cases of, authors reporting, [716], [717]
— — connection with ozæna, [717], [722], [723]
— — discharge from nose in, [718]
— — due to Sarcophaga, treatment, [723]
— — fatal termination of, [718]
— — from Sarcophaga wohlfahrti, [722], [723]
— — maggots of flies setting up, [588]
— — prophylaxis against, [718]
— — symptoms, [717], [718]
— — treatment, [719]
— — see also Peenash
— œstrosa, geographical distribution, [724]
— — prevalent among rural population, [724]
— — rare in man, [724]
— — treatment, [725]
Myriapoda parasitic in intestine and nose of man, [483]
Myxidiidæ, [184]
Myxidium lieberkühni, [182]
Myxobolidæ, [184]
Myxobolus cyprini, [184]
— pfeifferi, [184]
— — cause of barbel disease, [184]
— — spore formation, [183]
— neurobius, [184]
— schematic representation of spore of, [182]
Myxœdematous form of Brazilian trypanosomiasis, [88]
Myxosporidia, [129], [181]
— authors adding to knowledge of, [182]
— — describing species causing diseases in fishes, [182]
— characters and habitat, [28], [182]
— free forms of, [182]
— introduction of term of, by Bütschli, [181]
— invasion by, causing disease in fishes, [182], [184]
— mode of infection, [184]
— multinucleate trophozoite of, [182]
— plasmotomy, [182]
— spore formation, [182], [183]
— tissue parasites, [182]
Myzomyia, characters, [561], [567]
— funesta, breeding places of, [557]
Myzorhynchella, characters, [561], [568]
Myzorhynchus, characters, [562], [568]
[N.]
Nabarro, on sleeping sickness, [68]
— on Spirochæta duttoni, [116]
Nagana (tsetse-fly disease), agent of transmission, [93]
— fatal to horses, asses and dogs, [94]
— prevalent among and generally fatal to cattle, [93], [94]
— treatment by arsenic, [94]
— trypanosomes in blood of horses suffering from, [68]
Nagel, chloroform and syrup of senna in expulsion of ancylostomes, [686]
— filmaron in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
Nagelschmidt, treatment of scabies, [706]
Naphthalene in evacuation of Oxyuridæ, [697]
— in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Naphthol ointment, dressings of, in head louse infection, [710]
— — (Kaposi’s), application in scabies, [707]
Nasal cavity, deposition of ova of Oestrus ovis in, [598]
— — see also Myiasis, nasal
— — Linguatula parasitic in, [523], [524], [526], [527]
— polypus, Rhinosporidium causing, [195–197]
Nason, Ascaris in appendix, causing intestinal obstruction, [654]
Nasse, investigations of Coccidia, [135]
Natal, larva of, characters, [591]
Nattan-Larrier, cross-immunity experiments with trypanosomes, [80]
— Tetramitus mesnili, [57], [624]
Natural flagellates of insects, [103], [104], [107], [112], [739]
Naunyn, mode of formation of daughter cysts of echinococcus, [352]
Neave, S., ulcers set up by invasion by larvæ of Cordylobia anthropophaga, [592]
Necator, [447]
— americanus, [450]
— — geographical distribution, [459]
— — habitat, [459]
— — morphology, [457], [458]
— — organs compared with those of Ancylostoma duodenale, [458]
— characters, [457]
— exilidens, characters, [459]
— — habitat, [459]
Negri, experimental infection with Sarcocystis muris, [192]
— on Neuroryctes, [208]
Negri’s bodies, [208], [209]
Neligan, Leishmania tropica in dogs, [108]
Nemathelminthes, [360]
Nematoda, see Nematodes
Nematode larvæ in blood in cases of pruritus, [378]
— — in periosteum of upper jaw in case of gingivitis, [378]
Nematodes, anatomy of, [360]
— bursa copulatrix of males, [370]
— chorion enveloping ova, [371]
— classification of, [374]
— clearing of, [473]
— cutaneous glands, unicellular, [361]
— cuticle of, [360]
— cutis of, [361]
— dermo-muscular layer of, [361]
— development of, [17], [371]
— embryos, [372]
— encapsuled forms of, [17]
— epithelium of, [360]
— excretory canals, anterior, [367]
— — organs, [366], [367]
— — — special, lacking in certain genera, [367]
— — pore and duct, [367]
— — vesicle, [367]
— fixation of, [473]
— glandular stomach of, [363]
— gubernaculum of male genital apparatus, [369]
— hatched from eggs of Sphærularia, [5]
— heterogony in, [372]
— hind gut, [363]
— infection by, [644]
— intestinal cæca, [364]
— — canal, [363]
— “isolation tissue,” [362], [363], [364]
— life spent in intermediate and final host, [18]
— marine, ventral gland of (so-called), [367]
— mounting head of, [473]
— muscles of, [361]
— nervous system, [364–366]
— observed in human eye, [412]
— — in man, [376]
— œsophageal glands, [364]
— œsophagus of, [363]
— organs of sense lacking in parasitic species, [366]
— ova of, [371]
— — conveyance to definite host with intermediate host, [373]
— — — — — without intermediate host, [372]
— — detection, [473]
— — developmental capacity, [371], [372]
— ovejector, [368]
— oviduct, [368]
— parasitic and free-living, connection, [20]
— preservation and examination of, [473]
— rolling of, [473]
— seminal receptacle, [368]
— sexual organs, [367]
— — — female, [367], [368]
— — — — diagram of, [368]
— — — male, [369]
— — — — diagram of, [368]
— small, detection of, [473]
— spicules of male genital apparatus, [369]
— staining of, [473]
— testis of, [369]
— “tuft-like” or “phagocytic” organs, [362]
— viviparous species, [371]
— young, skin diseases due to, in dogs, [378]
Nematodirus, habitat, [438]
— morphology, [438]
Neocellia, characters, [562], [569]
Neomyzomyia, characters, [561], [567]
Neopsylla, distinctive characters, [545]
Neosalvarsan in syphilis, [632]
— in yaws, [632]
Neosporidia, [129], [181]
— characters, [28], [129], [181]
Nephrophages sanguinarius, characters and morphology, [490]
— — presence in urine, [490]
Nervous system of Cestoda, [289], [290]
— — of Echinorhynchus, [475]
— — of Hirudinea, [481]
— — of Insecta, [530]
— — of nematodes, [364–366]
— — central, effect of Dipylidium caninum on, [649]
Neumann, mosquitoes transmitting Plasmodium relictum, [170]
— podophyllin in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
— synopsis of genus Ornithodorus, [508]
— table of species of Argas, [505]
Neuritis, optic, following male fern poisoning, [670]
Neuroptera, characters, [531]
Neuroryctes, [208]
— hydrophobiæ, [208]
— — minute granules in, [210]
Neurosporidium, [195]
— cephalodisci, [195]
Newstead, Amblyomma cayennense, [501]
— life-cycle of Phlebotomus, [582]
— Margaropus annulatus australis, [505]
— means of separating species of Glossina, [604]
Niaibi, mite attacking man, [486]
Nicoll, development of cestodes without intermediate host, [17]
— and Minchin, cysticercoids in rat fleas, [327], [328]
Nicolle, immunity experiments with Leishmania infantum and L. tropica, [112]
— and others, transmission of relapsing fever by lice, [120], [121]
Nicollia, [174]
— quadrigemina, [174]
Nicotiana soap, application in scabies, [707]
Nits, methods of getting rid of, from hair, [710]
Nitzsch, views as to cercariæ, [12]
Noc, cultivation of species of amœba by, [41]
— on Lamblia intestinalis, [60], [625]
Noguchi, cultivation of parasite of rabies, [210]
— — — of Treponema from human mouth, [128], [741]
— — of Treponema pallidum, [125]
— method of cultivation of spirochætes, [123]
— Spirochæta phagedenis, [122]
— Treponema calligyrum, [126]
— and Cohen, cultivation of so-called trachoma bodies, [210]
— and Moore, association of Treponema with general paralysis, [125]
Nöller, development of Trypanosoma lewisi in dog flea (Ctenocephalus canis), [90], [92]
— method of controlling fleas during experiments, [93]
Nordmann, von, discovery of miracidia of flukes, [12]
Normand, association of amœbæ with colitis, [30]
— — of Strongyloides stercoralis with diarrhœa, [380]
Norway itch (scabies norvegica), [520]
Nose, ascarides in, [690]
— dipterous larvæ in, in enormous numbers, [716], [717]
— discharge from, in nasal myiasis, [718]
— human, Myriapoda parasitic in, [483]
— larvæ of Hypoderma bovis in, [724]
— — of Lucilia macellaria in, [715], [716]
— — — — see also Myiasis, nasal
— — of Oxyuris vermicularis in, [469]
— leeches in, [700], [701]
— — causing epistaxis, [701]
— maggots in, [588]
— Oxyuridæ migrating into, [695], [696]
Nosema apis, [184]
— — life-cycle of, [185]
— — pansporoblast and sporoblast of, [185]
— — planont of, [185]
— bombycis, [184]
— — spores of, [186]
Notoedres cati, [521]
— cuniculi, [521]
— notoedres, [521]
Novy and MacNeal, artificial cultivation of trypanosomes, [69]
Novy-MacNeal medium, [744]
— — Mathis’s modification, [744]
Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle medium, best for cultivation of Leishmania infantum, [109]
— — for cultivation of Leishmania tropica, [108]
— — formula, [744]
Nut-pickers affected by Leptus autumnalis (footnote), [485]
Nuttall, Spirochæta marchouxi, [119]
— Piroplasmidæ, [174]
Nuttall and Hadwen, trypan-blue in treatment of piroplasmosis, [178]
— and others, nuclear phenomena of Babesia canis, [176]
— — Theileria parva, [179]
Nuttallia, characters, [174]
— equi, cause of equine piroplasmosis, [174], [178]
— — life-cycle in red blood corpuscles, [173]
— herpestidis, [174]
Nycteribiidæ, [611]
Nyctotherus, [204]
Nyctotherus africanus, [206]
— faba, [205]
— — morphology, [205]
— giganteus, [205], [206]
— — morphology, [205]
Nyssorhynchus, characters, [562], [569]
[O.]
Occiput, abscess of, liver-fluke in, [243]
Ochindundu, bite of, [541]
— characters of, [541]
Ochromyia anthropophaga, larvæ of, characters (footnote), [590], [591]
— — — hosts of, [590]
Œdema following bite of Argas reflexus, [506]
Oerley, induction of facultative parasitism of Rhabditis pellio, [377]
Œsophageal glands of nematodes, [364]
Œsophagostomeæ, characters, [439]
Œsophagostomum, morphology, [441]
— apiostomum, habitat and host of, [444]
— — morphology, [444]
— brumpti, habitat, [441]
— — morphology, [441]
— stephanostomum, habitat, [444]
— — var. thomasi, morphology, [442], [443], [444]
Œsophagus of Hirudinea, [480]
— — nematodes, [363]
— trichomonads in, [55]
Oestridæ (warble flies), boils produced by, [725]
— cavicolous, [598]
— cutaneous, [595]
— flight time of, [725]
— gastricolous, [599]
— — infection by, [729]
— — — see also Creeping disease
— hosts of, [594]
— larvæ of, occurrence in man rare, [724]
— method of depositing ova on skin of man, [725]
Oestrus (Cephalomyia) ovis, [598]
— — — geographical distribution, [598]
— — — ova of, deposition in nasal cavity, [598]
Oil, injections of, in nasal myiasis, [719]
Ointment, application in scabies, [706]
Oken, views as to origin of cercariæ, [12]
Oleum chenopodii in ancylostomiasis, [754]
Oligosporulea, [195]
Oligotricha, [29]
Oliver, artificial infection of human beings with Cysticercus bovis, [340]
Omentum, abscess of, with Ascaris ova in pus, [657]
Omi, diagnostic sign of presence of Sparganum mansoni in body, [659]
Onchocerca, [417]
— volvulus, [417]
— — distribution in West Africa, [419]
— — invading lymphatic vessels, [418], [419]
— — invasion in man associated with formation of tumours, [418]
— — measurements, [755]
— — morphology, [417], [418]
Onchocercinæ, [417]
Oncospheres (embryos) of tapeworms, [298], [299]
— — — certain species of animals necessary for, [299]
— — — development into plerocercoid, [300]
— — — further development must take place in suitable animals, [299]
— migration in body, [302]
O’Neil, filaria infection of skin, [378]
Onions, Anguillulina putrefaciens living in, [379]
Oöcysts of Coccidiidea, [141]
— of malarial parasites, [163]
Opalina, [198], [207]
— ranarum, [207]
Ophryocystis, [135]
Opisthorchiidæ, morphology, [232]
Opisthorchiinæ, [252]
Opisthorchis, [252]
— felineus, development, [254]
— — geographical distribution, [252]
— — hosts of, [252]
— — — intermediate, [254]
— — mode of infection by, [254]
— — morphology, [252]
— — synonyms, [252]
— pseudofelineus, anatomy of, diagram illustrating, [254]
— sp., habitat, [753]
— — morphology, [753]
Opisthotonos, disappearance after expulsion of Ascaridæ, [649]
Oppenheim, maculæ cærulæ (taches bleues) due to infection by crab louse, [712]
— treatment of crab louse infection, [712]
Oppilaçao, synonym of Brazilian trypanosomiasis, [87]
Oral cavity, cancer of, association of Entamœba buccalis with, [43]
— — trichomonads in, [55], [56]
Orbit, cysticercus of, [664]
Orbital cavity, Pycnosoma maggots invading, [588]
Orchitis from Filaria bancrofti infection, [677]
Oribates sp., [489]
Oriental sore, cause of, [107], [627]
— — experimental production, [109]
— — geographical distribution, [108]
— — germ of, possible carrier, [580]
— — immunity to, procured by inoculation, [108]
— — objection to name, [107]
— — occurrence in dogs, [108]
— — parasite producing, [107], [627]
— — pathology of, [627]
— — preventive measures, [628]
— — relation of infantile kala-azar to, shown experimentally, [109]
— — sites of occurrence on body, [108]
— — transmission of, bugs possibly connected with, [108], [536]
— — treatment, [628]
Ornithodorus coriaceus, geographical distribution, [509]
— mégnini, characters, [510]
— — ears of hosts infested by, [510]
— — geographical distribution, [510]
— — hosts of, [510]
— moubata, carrier of African tick fever,

[116], [496]
— — — of Filaria perstans, [508]
— — — of spirochæte of relapsing fever, [508]
— — geographical distribution, [509]
— — immunity against infection with Spirochæta duttoni, [119]
— — length of life apart from host, [495]
— — Malpighian secretion passed by, significance, [117]
— — transmission of Spirochæta duttoni by, [116]
— savignyi, [509]
— — geographical distribution, [509]
— — transmitting Spirochæta duttoni, [739]
— synopsis of genus, [508]
— talaje, [119]
— — bite of, [509]
— — geographical distribution, [509]
— tholozani, geographical distribution, [510]
— turicata, [119]
— — bite of, effects, [509]
Ornithomyia lagopodis, bite of, [611]
Orthoptera, characters, [531]
Otter, Brazilian, host of Paragonimus rudis, [251]
Ova, transmission of intestinal worms by, [11]
— see also under Names of parasites
Owen, Trichina spiralis, [423]
Ox, liver of, Echinococcus multilocularis in, [357]
— Sarcocystis blanchardi from, [190]
— gad fly (Tabanus bovinus), [601]
Oxazine producing blepharoplastless trypanosomes, [101]
Oxen, amount of prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in, [340], [341]
— echinococci in, [346]
— how infected with Paramphistomum cervi, [226]
Oxygen necessary in cultivation of spirochætes, [123]
Oxyuriasis, diagnosis, [696]
— dysentery followed by recovery from, [698]
— in children, [695]
— — — treatment, [697], [698]
— prophylaxis against, [697]
— treatment by drugs and purgatives, [697]
— — local, [697]
Oxyuridæ, [467]
— migrating into nose, [695], [696]
— morphology, [375]
— relationship to appendicitis, [698]
Oxyuris, [467]
— ambigua, [469]
— compar, [469]
— curvula, [469]
— encapsuled in female pelvis, [657]
— in appendix, [654], [655]
— infection in relation to appendicitis, [653]
— invading peritoneal cavity, [657]
— lacks intermediate host, [21]
— mastigodes, [469]
— poculum, [469]
— tenuicauda, [469]
— toxic action of, [651]
— vermicularis, association with appendicitis and typhlitis, [467]
— — development, [468]
— — — direct, [469]
— — experimental self-infection with, [469]
— — habitat, [467]
— — infection by, [694]
— — — with, mode of, [469]
— — larvæ of, found in nose, [469]
— — life-history of, [467], [468], [469]
— — males rarely met with in fæces, [468]
— — migration from intestine, lesions and symptoms of irritation set up by, [694], [695]
— — — of, in and from intestinal tract, [467]
— — morphology, [467]
— — ova of, where deposited, [467]
— — supposed origin of, [11]
Oyster, spirochæte of, [114]
Ozæna, connection of nasal myiasis with, [717], [722], [723]
[P.]
Page, case of escape, of ascarides from abdominal operation wound, [654], [655]
Paget, observation of encapsuled Trichinellæ, [423]
Pallas, on transmission of intestinal worms, [11]
Panama, larvicide used at, in campaign against mosquitoes, [636]
— Canal, Stegomyia fasciata source of danger to, [574]
Pani-ghao, skin affection set up by penetration of larvæ of Ancylostomum duodenale, [455]
Panoplites, [577]
Pansporoblast, [183], [186]
Papataci fever, carrying agent of, [582]
Pappenheim’s panchrome mixture, [751]
Paraboloid condenser, [747]
Paraffin, embedding in, for sectioning tissue parasitized by protozoa, [749]
Paragonimiasis, [639]
— affecting regions other than lung, [639]
— prophylaxis, [640]
— see also Lung-fluke disease
Paragonimus, morphology, [249]
— compactus, host of, [251]
— kellicotti, hosts of, [250]
— — spines of, [251]
— ringeri (lung-fluke), [639]
— — development, [251]
— — diseases caused by, [251]
— — habitat, [251]
— — internal organs, diagram illustrating, [250]
— — morphology, [249], [250]
— — sites of body in which found post mortem, [639]
— — spines of, [251]
— — synonyms, [249]
— rudis, host of, [251]
— westermannii, host of, [250]
— — morphology, diagram illustrating, [250]
— — spines of, [251]
Paraguay, supposed mode of transmission of dermo-mucosal leishmaniasis in, [739]
Paralysis due to tick bites, [613]
— — — — geographical distribution, [613]
— of dourine, [97]
Paramœba, [44]
— hominis, [45], [734]
— — characters of, [45]
— — now called Craigia hominis, [45], [734]
Paramphistomidæ, [231], [234]
Paramphistominæ, [231]
Paramphistomum cervi, method of infection of oxen by, [226]
Paraplasma, [180]
— doubt as to organismal nature, [180]
— occurs naturally in guinea-pigs, [180]
— flavigenum possibly associated with yellow fever, [180]
— — morphology, [180]
— subflavigenum, [180]
Parasites, definition, [1]
— derivation of, [19]
— diagnosis of presence of, [10]
— discoveries from use of microscope, [10]
— great fertility of, [5]
— hereditary transmission of, [19]
— human, Opisthorchis felineus most frequently found at autopsies at Tomsk, [253]
— incidental, [6]
— — human, [7]
— influence on host, [8]
— invading many hosts, [6]
— limited to closely related hosts, [6]
— — to one species of host, [6]
— migrations in host, injuries set up by, [9]
— movements of, disorders set up by, [9]
— occasional (temporary), [1]
— origin of, [10]
— permanent, bodily changes in, [3]
— — clasping and clinging organs in, [4]
— — classes of, [2]
— — hermaphroditism in, [4]
— — loss of organs in, [3]
— — (stationary), [1], [2]
— transference from one host to another, [7]
Parasitic life, advantages of, [20]
Parasitism, facultative, [7]
Pariah dogs, liver of, habitat of Paropisthorchis caninus, [257]
— — North-west Provinces, India, percentage infected with Paropisthorchis caninus, [257]
Paropisthorchis, [255]
— caninus, genital pore, [255]
— — habitat, [257]
— — morphology, [255]
— — seminal vesicle, [257]
— — synonyms, [255]
— — uterine coils, [257]
— — vitellaria, [255]
Partridges, Plasmodium relictum cause of fatal disease in, [170]
Pasquale, see Kruse and Pasquale
Pasteur, L., researches on silkworm disease, [184]
Patterson, maggots of Pycnosoma removed from orbital cavity, [588]
Patton, genus Crithidia, [104]
— Herpetomonas muscæ domesticæ, [102]
— Piroplasma gibsoni, [177]
— places Leishman-Donovan body in genus Herpetomonas, [107]
— probable transmission of Leishmania, [107], [108]
— and Cragg, life-history of Lyperosia exigua, [610]
Peacock, observation of encapsuled Trichinellæ, [423]
Pébrine bodies or Nosema bombycis of Arthropoda, [184]
Pediculidæ (lice), characters, [532]
Pediculoides ventricosus, effects on man, [489]
— — morphology, [489]
— — shape of pregnant female, [489]
— — synonyms, [489]
Pediculis capitis (head louse), characters and morphology, [532], [533]
— — geographical distribution, [533]
— — habitat, [533]
— — infection by, [709]
— — — causing eczema, [709], [710]
— — — diagnosis, [710]
— — — greater prevalence among females, [709], [710]
— — — remarkable instances, [710]
— — — resulting in blepharitis and conjunctivitis, [710]
— — — — in plica polonica, [710]
— — — treatment, [710]
— — mouth parts of, [533]
— — ova of, [533]
— — prophylaxis against, [615], [616]
— vestimenti (clothes louse), characters, [533]
— — habitat, [533]
— — infection by, [710]
— — — lesions and symptoms following, [711]
— — pest among soldiers during campaigns, [533]
— — prophylaxis against, [615], [616]
— — transmission of relapsing fever by, [120], [630]
Peenash (nasal myiasis), [588], [715]
— ending in fatal meningitis, [716]
Peiper, cause of ancylostome anæmia, [648]
Pelagutti, treatment of cutaneous and muscular cysticerci, [663]
Pelletierinum as vermifuge, [673]
Pelvic and abdominal organs, blood-supply of, as illustrating distribution of Schistosoma hæmatobium in body, [272]
Pelvis, female, Oxyuris encapsuled in, [657]
Pentastoma armillatus, hosts of, [528]
— denticulatum, former name of larval stage of Linguatula rhinaria, [525], [526]
— moniliformis, hosts and habitat of, [528]
— — synonyms (footnote), [528]
Pentastomidæ, references to, [528]
Pentateuch, “fiery serpents” mentioned in, probable identification, [386]
Pentatrichomonas bengalensis, [624], [735]
Pereira, case of chorea cured after expulsion of Tænia, [648]
Perinæum, tumours of, association of Dioctophyme gigas with, [431]
Peritoneal cavity, Ascaris in, [656]
— — Oxyuris invading, [657]
Peritonitis, perforative, due to Ascaris, [656]
Peritricha, [29], [200]
Perroncito, artificial infection of human beings with Cysticercus bovis, [340]
— infection with Lamblia intestinalis, [60]
Persia, importation of African tick fever into, [613]
Persian insect powder infusion in intestinal myiasis, [728]
Peru oil, application in scabies, [707]
Petrie, treatment of bilharziasis, [643]
Petroleum as larvicide in campaign against mosquitoes, [636]
— dressings of, in head louse infection, [710]
— in crab louse infection, [712]
— and benzine in crab louse infection, [712]
Pfeiffer, L., pathogenicity of Coccidia, [136]
Pfeiffer, R., Coccidia, [136]
Pharynx, ascarides invading, [691]
— invasion and infection in man by Fasciola hepatica, [242]
— leeches in, [699]
— of Hirudinea, [480]
Philæmatomyia, position of genus, [611]
— insignis, [611]
Philippine Islands, experiments on amœbæ in, [618]
Philips, eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
Phillips, L. P., on Musgrave and Clegg’s medium, [743]
— — treatment of balantidian dysentery, [637]
Phlebotominæ, characters, [581]
Phlebotomus, blood-sucking, [581]
— characters, [581]
— duboscii, [582]
— intermedius, [582]
— geographical distribution, [581]
— — — of species, [582]
— larvæ of, habitat, [582]
— longipalpis, [582]
— papatacii, [581], [582]
— squamiventris, [582]
Phonergates bicoloripes, [541]
Phoniomyia, characters, [565]
Phora rufipes, [589]
— — larvæ (maggots) of, habitat, [583]
Phoridæ, characters, [582]
Phthiriasis, agents of, [533]
Phthirius inguinalis (crab louse), characters, [534]
— — habitat, [534]
— — infection by, diagnosis, [712]
— — — how effected, [711]
— — — lesions and symptoms following, [711], [712]
— — — sites of body affected, [711]
— — — treatment, [712]
— — rapid reproduction of, [534]
— pubis, prophylaxis against, [616]
Phthisis, filaria associated with, [408]
Physaloptera, habitat and hosts of species, [460]
— caucasica, morphology, [461]
— mordens, geographical distribution, [461]
— — habitat and host, [461]
— — morphology, [461], [462]
— morphology, [460]
Physalopteridæ, [375], [460]
Phytoparasites, [1]
Pierantoni, Agamofilaria labialis, [407]
Pig concerned in transmission of Balantidium coli, [202]
— development of Trichinella spiralis in, [426], [427]
— domestic, normal host of Cysticercus cellulosæ, [332]
— echinococci in, [346]
— geographical distribution of Tænia solium corresponds with that of, [334]
— host of Paragonimus kellicotti, [250]
— intestine of, Fasciolopsis buski in, [246]
— Metastrongylus apri in, [433]
— organs infected with echinococcus, percentage of frequency, [347]
— rectum of, Balantidium coli present in, [202]
— Sarcocystis miescheriana in, [190]
— Sarcosporidia in, [187]
— trichinous, proportion to healthy, in Prussia, [429], [430]
— Trypanosoma simiæ virulent to, [100]
Pigeon lofts inhabited by Argas reflexus, [506]
Piophila casei, characters, [583]
— — larvæ of, found in fæces, [583]
— — — in nose, [720]
Piroplasma, [172], [173], [174]
— see Babesia
— gibsoni, [177]
— hosts of, [173], [174]
Piroplasmidæ, [172], [742]
— genera of, [174]
Piroplasmosis, treatment of, [178]
— — by trypan-blue, [178]
— — symptoms of, [178]
— — transmission by ticks from recovered to uninfected animals, [178]
Placobdella, [482]
— catenigera, geographical distribution, [482]
Plague, fleas carriers of, [543], [547]
Planont, [185]
Plants, flagellosis of, possible connection with leishmaniasis, [739]
Plasmodium, [151], [742]
— falciparum, see Laverania malariæ
— malariæ, development in red corpuscles of man, asexual stage, [166]
— — distinctive characters, [167]
— — lesions set up by, not marked, [634]
— — parasite of quartan malaria, [166], [633]
— — pigment granules of, [166], [167]
— — schizogony of, [166]
— — synonyms, [166]
— — trophozoites of, differ from those of tertian parasite, [166]
— or hæmamœba type of Hæmosporidia includes malarial parasites of man and birds, [151]
— relictum, first development of malarial parasite in mosquito traced in, [170]
— — hosts of, [170]
— — mosquitoes transmitting, [170]
— — stages in life-history, [170]
— — synonyms, [170]
— species, differential table of, [171]
— tenue, [170]
— vivax, agent of simple tertian malarial fever, [164], [633]
— — cultivation of, clumping not observed in, [172]
— — — number of spores produced, [172]
— — development in red blood corpuscles of man, [160], [164], [165]
— — — of “Polymitus,” [160], [165]
— — — time occupied by, [165]
— — distinctive characters of, [166]
— — lesions set up by, not marked, [634]
— — life-cycle of, [160], [164]
— — merozoites of, [165]
— — — migration, [165]
— — micro- and macrogametocytes of, [165]
— — pigment granules, [165]
— — small variety, [166]
— — “stippling,” [165]
— — synonyms, [164]
Platyhelminthes (flat worms), [211]
— central nervous system of, [211]
— classification, [212]
— definition, [211]
— diseases caused by, [638]
— excretory apparatus, [211]
— hermaphroditic, [211]
— integument of body of, [211]
— method of reproduction, [211]
— morphology, [211]
Plerocercoid, definition of, [301]
Plerocercus, definition of, [301]
Pleuræ, invasion by Paragonimus ringeri, [251]
Plica polonica due to head louse infection, [709], [710]
— — — — — — treatment, [710]
Plimmer, H. G., treatment of sleeping sickness with antimony, [623]
— — and Bradford, Sir J. Rose, Trypanosoma brucei, [93]
Pliny, Ascaris lumbricoides known to, [464]
Pneumocystis carinii, [90]
Pneumocysts in rats, [90]
Pocock, geographical distribution of Ornithodorus moubata, [508], [509]
Podophyllin in expulsion of ancylostomes, [687]
Polar capsule, [181], [183], [184], [186]
— filament, [183], [184], [186]
Polecat, intestine of, Isospora bigemina parasitic in, [149]
Poliomyelitis acuta, possible rhizopods in, [46]
— carrier of, [610]
— epidemic, insects transmitting, [612]
— virus of, [536]
— — carried by house-fly, [586]
Pollack, invasion by Loa loa, [678]
Polymastigina, [52]
Polymitus of Plasmodium vivax, [160], [165]
— form of malarial parasites (footnote), [162]
Polypus, nasal, caused by Rhinosporidium kinealyi, [195], [196]
Polysporea, [182], [184]
Polysporulea, [195]
Polystomum integerrimum, organs of, [218]
Ponds, mosquitoes depositing ova in, [553]
Pork, cysticerci in, cause of decrease, [334]
— eating of, cause of trichinosis, [423]
— — means of infecting man with cysticerci, [334]
— inspection of, in prophylaxis against trichinosis, [429]
Porocephalus, [523]
— armillatus, [527]