[264] [Also known as ciliated embryos.—F. V. T.]
[265] [In Fasciola hepatica in the summer months the rediæ give rise to daughter rediæ, which then give rise to cercariæ.—J. W. W. S.]
[266] The cercaria is the characteristic larval stage of the Trematodes, and corresponds to a cysticercus or cysticercoid, though there is the important difference that the cercaria has an enteric cavity. According to some observers the enteron is represented by the frontal sucker of some Cestodes, and by the rostellum of the majority of others.
The sporocyst and redia are regarded as intercalated stages, viz., as cercariæ exhibiting pædogenesis, i.e., development of young by a parthenogenetic process from individuals (i.e., cercariæ) not yet adult.
[267] Leiper places this species in a new genus Gastrodiscoides. Genus Gastrodiscoides, Leiper, 1913, distinguished from Gastrodiscus by: (1) large genital cone; (2) position of genital orifice; (3) disc without papillæ; (4) testes one behind the other.
[268] [There does not seem to be any direct evidence of either rabbits or hares normally being invaded by this fluke.—F. V. T.]
[269] [This is not the case in Great Britain; fluky sheep are sent to market, there being no danger to man from eating the flesh.—F. V. T.]
[270] As an example, this occurred in Berlin in the case of 19,034 oxen, 15,542 sheep, 1,704 pigs, and 160 calves in the period of 1883–1893; during which time 719,157 oxen, 1,519,003 sheep, 2,258,110 pigs, and 567,964 calves were slaughtered. As a matter of fact, however, the number of infected beasts was really larger.
[271] In the English translation of Küchenmeister’s work on Parasitology (London, 1857). The specimen is preserved in the Hunterian Museum, London, and is an adult liver fluke, measuring 18 mm. in length and 7 mm. in breadth.
[272] This species from Canis fulvus was for long thought to be the same as that here described as Amphimerus noverca. It probably does not belong to the genus Metorchis.