Principles and practice of agricultural analysis. Volume 3 (of 3), Agricultural products

by Harvey Washington Wiley

(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)
90	46.9	133	69.7	176	93.0	219	117.0
91	47.4	134	70.3	177	93.5	220	117.5
92	47.9	135	70.8	178	94.1	221	118.1
93	48.4	136	71.3	179	94.6	222	118.7
94	48.9	137	71.9	180	95.2	223	119.2
95	49.5	138	72.4	181	95.7	224	119.8
96	50.0	139	72.9	182	96.2	225	120.4
97	50.5	140	73.5	183	96.8	226	120.9
98	51.1	141	74.0	184	97.3	227	121.5
99	51.6	142	74.5	185	97.8	228	122.1
100	52.1	143	75.1	186	98.4	229	122.6
101	52.7	144	75.6	187	99.0	230	123.2
102	53.2	145	76.1	188	99.5	231	123.8
103	53.7	146	76.7	189	100.1	232	124.3
104	54.3	147	77.2	190	100.6	233	124.9
105	54.8	148	77.8	191	101.2	234	125.5
106	55.3	149	78.3	192	101.7	235	126.0
107	55.9	150	78.9	193	102.3	236	126.6
108	56.4	151	79.4	194	102.9	237	127.2
109	56.9	152	80.0	195	103.4	238	127.8
110	57.5	153	80.5	196	104.0	239	128.3
111	58.0	154	81.0	197	104.6	240	128.9
112	58.5	155	81.6	198	105.1	241	129.5
113	59.1	156	82.1	199	105.7	242	130.0
114	59.6	157	82.7	200	106.3	243	130.6
115	60.1	158	83.2	201	106.8	244	131.2
116	60.7	159	83.8	202	107.4	245	131.8
117	61.2	160	84.3	203	107.9	246	132.3
118	61.7	161	84.8	204	108.5	247	132.9
119	62.3	162	85.4	205	109.1	248	133.5
120	62.8	163	85.9	206	109.6	249	134.1
121	63.3	164	86.5	207	110.2	250	134.6
122	63.9	165	87.0	208	110.8	251	135.2
123	64.4	166	87.6	209	111.3	252	135.8
124	64.9	167	88.1	210	111.9	253	136.3
125	65.5	168	88.6	211	112.5	254	136.9
126	66.0	169	89.2	212	113.0	255	137.5
127	66.5	170	89.7	213	113.6	256	138.1
128	67.1	171	90.3	214	114.2	257	138.6
129	67.6	172	90.8	215	114.7	258	139.2
130	68.1	173	91.4	216	115.3	259	139.8
131	68.7	174	91.9	217	115.8	260	140.4
132	69.2	175	92.4	218	116.4	261	140.9
(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)	(A)	(B)
262	141.5	305	166.8	348	192.6	391	219.3
263	142.1	306	167.3	349	193.2	392	219.9
264	142.7	307	167.9	350	193.8	393	220.5
265	143.2	308	168.5	351	194.4	394	221.2
266	143.8	309	169.1	352	195.0	395	221.8
267	144.4	310	169.7	353	195.6	396	222.4
268	144.9	311	170.3	354	196.2	397	223.1
269	145.5	312	170.9	355	196.8	398	223.7
270	146.1	313	171.5	356	197.4	399	224.3
271	146.7	314	172.1	357	198.0	400	224.9
272	147.2	315	172.7	358	198.6	401	225.7
273	147.8	316	173.3	359	199.2	402	226.4
274	148.4	317	173.9	360	199.8	403	227.1
275	149.0	318	174.5	361	200.4	404	227.8
276	149.5	319	175.1	362	201.1	405	228.6
277	150.1	320	175.6	363	201.7	406	229.3
278	150.7	321	176.2	364	202.3	407	230.0
279	151.3	322	176.8	365	203.0	408	230.7
280	151.9	323	177.4	366	203.6	409	231.4
281	152.5	324	178.0	367	204.2	410	232.1
282	153.1	325	178.6	368	204.8	411	232.8
283	153.7	326	179.2	369	205.5	412	233.5
284	154.3	327	178.8	370	206.1	413	234.3
285	154.9	328	180.4	371	206.7	414	235.0
286	155.5	329	181.0	372	207.3	415	235.7
287	156.1	330	181.6	373	208.0	416	236.4
288	156.7	331	182.2	374	208.6	417	237.1
289	157.2	332	182.8	375	209.2	418	237.8
290	157.8	333	183.5	376	209.9	419	238.5
291	158.4	334	184.1	377	210.5	420	239.2
292	159.0	335	184.7	378	211.1	421	239.9
293	159.6	336	185.4	379	211.7	422	240.6
294	160.2	337	186.0	380	212.4	423	241.3
295	160.8	338	186.6	381	213.0	424	242.0
296	161.4	339	187.2	382	213.6	425	242.7
297	162.0	340	187.8	383	214.3	426	243.4
298	162.6	341	188.4	384	214.9	427	244.1
299	163.2	342	189.0	385	215.5	428	244.9
300	163.8	343	189.6	386	216.1	429	245.6
301	164.4	344	190.2	387	216.8	430	246.3
302	165.0	345	190.8	388	217.4
303	165.6	346	191.4	389	218.0
304	166.2	347	192.0	390	218.7

142. Table for the Determination of Invert Sugar (Reducing Sugars) in the Presence of Sucrose.—The method adopted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists is essentially that proposed by Meissl and Hiller.[108] Prepare a solution of the material to be examined in such a manner that it contains twenty grams of the mixed sugars in one hundred cubic centimeters, after clarification and the removal of the excess of lead. Prepare a series of solutions in large test tubes by adding one, two, three, four, five etc. cubic centimeters of this solution to each tube successively. Add five cubic centimeters of the mixed copper reagent to each, heat to boiling, boil two minutes and filter. Note the volume of sugar solution which gives the filtrate lightest in tint, but still distinctly blue. Place twenty times this volume of the sugar solution in a 100 cubic centimeter flask, dilute to the mark, and mix well. Use fifty cubic centimeters of the solution for the determination, which is conducted as already described, until the weight of copper is obtained. For the calculation of the results use the following formulas and table of factors of Meissl and Hiller:[109]

Let Cu =	the weight of the copper obtained;
P =	the polarization of the sample;
W =	the weight of the sample in the fifty cubic
	centimeters of the solution used for determination;
F =	the factor obtained from the table for conversion
	of copper to invert sugar;
Cu	= approximate absolute weight of invert sugar = Z;
2
100
Z × —— =	approximate per cent of invert sugar = y;
W
100P	= R, relative number for sucrose;
P + y
100 - R =	I, relative number for invert sugar;
Cu	= per cent of invert sugar.
W

Z indicates the vertical column, and the ratio of R to I, the horizontal column of the table, which are to be used for the purpose of finding the factor (F) for calculating copper to invert sugar.

Example:—The polarization of a sugar is 86.4, and 3.256 grams of it (W) are equivalent to 0.290 gram of copper. Then:

Cu	=	0.290	= 0.145 = Z
2		2

Z ×	100	= 0.145 ×	100	= 4.45 = y
	W		3.256

100P	=	8640	= 95.1 = R
P + y		86.4 + 4.45

100 - R = 100 - 95.1 = 4.9 = I

R : I = 95.1 : 4.9