ĵ like s in pleasure, or the French j, as in dejeuner, Jean d'Arc.
s like ss in ass, less, never like s in rose.
ŝ like sh in she, shall, ship, or s in sugar, sure.
In newspapers, etc., which have not the proper type, ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ are often replaced by ch, gh, hh, jh, sh, or by c', g', h', j', s', and ŭ by u.
ŭ is also a consonant, and has the sound of w in we, as Eŭropo, or u in persuade.
The vowels a, e, i, o, u have not the English, but the Continental sounds.
a always like a in ah! or in tart.
e like e in bend, but broader, like e in there.
i is a sound between ee in meet and i in is.
o like o in for, or in the Scottish no, or au in aught.