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- labor reforms, [420]-[426]
- Lafayette, [388]
- Lao-Tse, [247], [248]
- de Laplace, Marquis, [430]
- Lee, Richard Henry, [331]
- Lee, Robert, General, [423]
- van Leeuwenhoek, [430]
- Leibnitz, [404]
- Leipzig, battle of, [356]
- Leonidas, [78]
- Leopold I (Belgium), [391]
- Leopold II (Belgium), [452]
- Lincoln, Abraham, [423]
- Locomotives, [408], [409]
- Louis XIII, [276]
- Louis XIV, [296]-[299], [320], [334]-[335]
- Louis XVI, [338]-[346]
- Louis XVIII, [356], [365], [389]
- Louis Philippe, [391]-[392]
- Louisiana Purchase, [358]
- Loyola, [266]
- Luther, Martin, [251], [257]-[260]
- Lyell, Sir Charles, [430]
- M
- Macchiavelli, [222]
- Magellan, [225], [226], [236], [237]
- Magenta, battle of, [396]
- Magna Carta, [186]-[187]
- Mammals, [7]
- Man, first appearance, [10]
- Marathon, [76]-[77]
- Marco Polo, [224]
- Maria Theresa, [315]
- Marie Louise, [391]
- Marius, [111]-[112]
- Mary, Queen, [283]
- Mary, Queen of Scots, [283]
- Marx, Karl, [425]-[426]
- Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico, [399]
- Mazzini, [394]
- Medes, [45]
- Mediaeval cities, [174]-[183]
- ““obtain charters, [180]-[183]
- “self-government, [184]-[190]
- “trade, [198]-[205]
- “world, [191]-[197]
- Medici, [201]
- de Medici, Catherine, [283]
- Mercantile System, [317]-[322]
- Merovingian kings, [144]-[145]
- Mesopotamia, [29]-[37]
- Metternich, [363]-[372], [386], [389], [390]-[392]
- Mexico, [399]
- Michelangelo, [440]
- Microscope, [430]
- Middle Ages, [191]-[197]
- Miltiades, [76]
- Mirabeau, [345]
- Mohammed, [138]-[143]
- Mohammedans conquer Mesopotamia and Spain, [142]
- Monroe Doctrine, [384]
- Montesquieu, [336]
- Montez, Lola, [393]
- Morse, Samuel, [410]
- Moscow, [305]-[306]
- “burned by Napoleon, [356]
- Moses, [38]-[41]
- Mozart, [444]
- Mummy, [24]
- Music, [441]-[445]
- Mycenae, [50]
- N
- Napier, John, [403]
- Napoleon, [149], [348]-[363], [374]-[375], [395]-[396]
- Napoleon III, [400]
- National Assembly, [343]-[345]
- Necker, [338], [341]-[344]
- Nelson, [354]
- Netherlands, war with Spain, [268]-[271]
- Newcomen, Thomas, [405]
- Newton, Isaac, [404], [429]
- Nicholas I (Russia), [391]
- Nieuw Amsterdam, [273]
- Nile Valley, [17], [22], [26], [27]
- Nimwegen, peace of, [299]
- Norman conquest of England, [280]
- Normandy, [151]
- Norse discoverers, [232]-[233]
- Norsemen, [150]-[154]
- North German Confederacy, [399]
- Norway, [374]
- Novgorod, [202]-[203]
- O
- Obrenovitch dynasty, [376]
- Octavian, [117]
- Odoacer, [127]
- Oldenbarneveldt, John of, [278]
- Osiris, [24]
- Otto the Great, [148], [163], [193]
- Owen, Robert, [425]
- Oxford University, [210]
- P
- Pacific Ocean, discovery of, [236]
- Paine, Thomas, [346]
- painting, [439]-[440]
- Palestine, [41]
- Papin, [405]
- Paris, University of, [210]
- Paul, [119]-[123]
- Paul I (Russia), [355], [367], [368]
- Peloponnesian war, [81]-[82]
- Pepin, [145]
- Pericles, [81]-[82]
- Persia, [45], [47]
- Persian wars with Greece, [74]-[80]
- Peter the Great, [307]-[311]
- Peter the Hermit, [169]
- Petrarca, [213]-[214]
- Piano, [443]-[444]
- Pilgrims, [329]
- Pius VII, [353]
- Plataea, battle of, [80]
- Pharnaces, [115]
- Pharaoh, [27]
- Philip II (Spain), [283], [288], [267]-[270]
- Philip of Macedon, [83]
- Philippe Egalité, [392]
- Philippine Islands, [237]
- Phoenicians, [42]-[43]
- Phoenician alphabet, [43]
- Poitiers, battle of, [142], [144]
- Poland, [374]
- Pompey, [113], [114]
- Pontius Pilate, [121]-[123]
- Pope, [123]-[137]
- Pope vs. Emperor, [162]-[167]
- Portugal, [375]
- Prester, John, [229]-[231]
- Priests, first mention of, [24]
- Printing, [223]
- Protestants and Catholics, [262]-[278]
- Prussia, [313]-[316]
- Ptolemean system of the universe, [231]
- Ptolemy, [28]
- Punic Wars—
- 1st war, [97]-[98]
- 2nd war, [98]-[103]
- 3d war, [103]-[104]
- Puritans, [289], [326]-[327]
- Pyramids, [25]-[26]
- R
- Rafael, [222]
- Ravenna, [127], [211]
- Reformation, [251]-[278]
- Reform Bill, [418]
- Reichstadt, Duke of, [360]
- Religion, origin of, [23]-[24]
- Rembrandt, [440]
- Renaissance, [206]-[223]
- Richard the Lion Hearted, [186], [187]
- Richelieu, [276]
- Robespierre, [346], [347]
- Roland, [146]
- Rollo, [151]
- Roman Church, [131]-[137], [253]-[255]
- ““in England, [279]
- “conquest of England, [279]
- “Empire, [117]-[130]
- “Slaves, [109]-[110]
- Rome, [88]-[130]
- conquers Greece, [106]-[107]
- conquers Syria, [107]-[108]
- earliest history, [91]-[96]
- fall of, [124]-[130]
- Romulus Augustulus, [127]
- Rosetta Stone, [18]-[19]
- Roumania, [387]
- Rousseau, Jean Jacques, [336]
- Rudolph of Hapsburg, [167]
- Rumford, Count, [410]
- Rump Parliament, [289]
- Runnymede, [186]
- Rurik, [302]
- Russia, [301]-[312], [380]
- Russo-Japanese War, [464]
- Ryswick, Peace of, [299]
- S
- Sabines, [93]
- St. Helena, [359]
- Salamis, [79]
- Salerno, University of, [210]
- Sarajevo, [455]
- Savonarola, [217]
- Schliemann, Heinrich, [48]-[50]
- Scientific Progress, [427]-[432]
- Scipio, Lucius, [108]
- Scipio, Publius, [103], [106]
- Serbia, [454]
- Serfs, [306]
- Shakespeare, [286], [441]
- Sicily, [393]
- Slavery abolished, [422]
- Socialism, [425]-[426]
- Solferino, battle of, [396]
- Solon, [64]
- Spain, [375]
- Spanish Armada, [271], [284]
- Spanish Succession, war of, [299]-[300]
- Sparta, [77]-[82]
- Star Chamber, [282]
- Steamboat, [406]-[408]
- Steam Engine, [404]-[405]
- Stephenson, George, [408]
- Stuarts, [286]-[292]
- Sulla, [111]-[113]
- Sumerians, [32]-[37]
- Sweden, [311], [374]
- Swedish Parliament, [188]
- Swiss Assemblies, [189]
- T
- Talleyrand, [363]-[365], [368], [371], [373]
- Taoism, [247]
- Ta’ Rifa, [228]
- Tartar Invasion, [304]-[306]
- Telegraph, [410]-[411]
- Telephone, [411]
- Ten Commandments, [40]
- Teutoburg Woods, [118]
- Theatre, [71]-[73], [441]
- Thebes, [28]
- Themistocles, [77]
- Theodoric, [127]
- Thermopylae, [78]
- Third Estate, [342]-[345]
- Thirty Years’ War, [273]-[278]
- Tilly, [274]-[276]
- Tory, [292]-[293]
- Toussaint l’Ouverture, [383]
- Trafalgar, [354]
- Triple Alliance of 1664, [298]
- Troy, [48]-[49]
- Turgot, [388], [417]