[19] "Romance," Edgar Poe.
[20] "Lockhart's Life of Scott," Vol. I. p. 163.
[21] For full titles and descriptions of these translations, as well as for the influence of Bürger's poems in England, see Alois Brandl: "Lenore in England," in "Charakteristiken," by Erich Schmidt (Berlin, 1886) ss. 244-48. Taylor said in 1830 that no German poem had been so often translated: "eight different versions are lying on my table and I have read others." He claimed his to be the earliest, as written in 1790, though not printed till 1796. "Lenore" won at once the honors of parody—surest proof of popularity. Brandl mentions two—"Miss Kitty," Edinburgh, 1797, and "The Hussar of Magdeburg, or the Midnight Phaeton," Edinburgh, 1800, and quotes Mathias' satirical description of the piece ("Pursuits of Literature," 1794-97) as "diablerie tudesque" and a "'Blue Beard' story for the nursery." The bibliographies mention a new translation in 1846 by Julia M. Cameron, with illustrations by Maclise; and I find a notice in Allibone of "The Ballad of Lenore: a Variorum Monograph," 4to, containing thirty metrical versions in English, announced as about to be published at Philadelphia in 1866 by Charles Lukens. Quaere whether this be the same as Henry Clay Lukens ("Erratic Enrico"), who published "Lean 'Nora" (Philadelphia, 1870; New York, 1878), a title suggestive of a humorous intention, but a book which I have not seen.
[22] "History of German Literature," Vol. II. p. 123.
[23] These are book phrases, not true ballad diction.
[24] Cf. The "Ancient Mariner":
"The feast is set, the guests are met,
May'st hear the merry din."
[25] "Memoir of Wm. Taylor of Norwich," by J. W. Robberds (1843), Vol. II. p. 573.
[26] For Taylor's opinion of Carlyle's papers on Goethe in the Foreign Review, see "Historic Survey," Vol. III. pp. 378-79.
[27] "Memoir of Taylor," Vol. I. p. 255.