| Attica, Bœotia, Phocis, Ætolia, etc. | Greeks in Asia and the Islands. | ||
| B.C. | B.C. | ||
| Deucalion | 1570 | Ion goes to Asia | 1391 |
| Cecrops | 1550 | ||
| Erectheus | 1510 | ||
| Ion, son of Xuthus | 1427 | Æolian migrations under Orestes, Penthilus, and Echelatus | 1210-1174 |
| Rape of Medea by the Argonauts | 1349 | ||
| Theseus defeated Eurystheus | 1311 | ||
| Decaleans give up Helen to the Tyndaridæ | 1296 | Ionian migrations (driven from the Pelop. by the Achæans) | 1130 |
| Pelasgians expelled from Attica, conquer Lemnos | 1162 | ||
| Codrus | 1153 | ||
| Rape of Ath. women from Brauron | 1152 | Dorian migration, Samians reach Tartessus | 640 |
| Alcmæon, the last Archon | 683 | ||
| Conspiracy of Ceylon | 612 | Thrasybulus | 625 |
| Legislation of Solon | 594 | ||
| Megacles mar. Clisthenes' daughter | 570 | Conquered by Crœsus | |
| Pisistratus, tyrant | 561 | ||
| Expelled | 559 | Conquered by Harpagus | 542 |
| Re-established | 555 | ||
| Re-expelled | 553 | Phocæans defeat Carthaginians, etc. | |
| Regains it | 542 | ||
| Dies | 528 | Found Hyela | 535 |
| Hipparchus succeeds | 528 | ||
| Assassina. of Cimon | 527 | Polycrates tyrant at Samos | 532-523 |
| Hipparchus assassinated | 514 | ||
| Hippias succeeds | 514 | Samians found Cydonia | 524 |
| Expelled | 510 | Syloson obtains Samos | 512 |
| Factions of Clisthenes and Isagoras | 509 | Ionians commence disturbances | 504 |
| Clisthenes expelled | 508 | Burn Sardis | 503 |
| Inv. of Cleomenes | 507 | Joined by the Cyprians | 502 |
| Athenians defeat the Bœotians, invade Eubœa, and conquer the Chalcidians | 506 | Miletus taken | 498 |
| Miltiades gains the battle of Marathon | 490 | Aristagoras slain | 498 |
| Dies | 489 | Samians take Zancle | 497 |
| Xerxes takes Athens | 480 | Chios, Tenedos, etc., taken by the Persians | 497 |
| Battle of Salamis | 480 | Phocians defeat Thessalians | 482 |
| Mardonius retakes Athens | 479 | Ionians join the allies at Mycale | 479 |
BARBARIANS
| Phœnicians. | Egyptians. | Scythians and Cimmerians. |
| Migrated from the Erythræan to Phoenicia, about 2267. | God-kings, 17570 to 15570. | Cimerians invade Asia, but expelled by the Scythians about 624. |
| Colonized Thasos, 1550. | Menes to Mœris, 2235 to 1416. | Scythians rule Upper Asia, 624 to 596. |
| Founded Carthage, 819. | Sesostris to Sethon, 1416 to 671. | Invaded by Darius, 508. |
| Circumnavigate Libya, 609. | Twelve kings to Amasis, 671 to 525. | Invade the Chersonesus; Miltiades retires, 507. |
| Assyrians and Babylonians. | Lydians. | |
| B.C. | ||
| Empire | 1221—711 | Atyadæ to 1221. |
| Semiramis | 747—733 | Heraclidæ, 1221—716. |
| Medic Revolt | 711 | Gyges, 716. |
| Babylonia | Media, etc. | Ardys, 678. |
| Nitocris, 604 to 561. | Deioces, 700. | Cimmerians take Sardis, 634. |
| Turns the Euphrates and improves Babylon. | Div. the Medes. | Sadyattes, 629. |
| Labynetus (Belshazzar), son of Nitocris, succeeds. | Phraortes, 647. | Milesian war, 622—610. |
| Arbitrates between Cyaxares and Alyattes. | Invades Assyria | Alyattes, 617. |
| Perished before Nineveh. | Drove out Cimmerians, 613. | |
| Cyaxares, 625. | War with Cyaxares, 602. | |
| Conq. Assyria. | Crœsus, 560. | |
| Besieges Nineveh, 603. | Conquers Greeks. | |
| Scythian invasion, 624-596. | Visited by Solon. | |
| Astyages, 585. | ||
| Cyrus born, 571. | ||
| King in sport, 561. | ||
| Persian Empire | ||
| Cyrus, king 550. | ||
| Attacked by Crœsus. Conquers Lydia,and takes Sardis. Mazares punishes Lydian rebels. Harpagus takes Phocæa,conquers Ionia and Æolis. | ||
| Babylon taken by Cyrus, 536. | ||
| Massagetan expedition. Cyrus slain, 530. | ||
| Cambyses, 530-523. Conquers Egypt, 525. Unsuccessful expedition againstthe Ethiopians and Ammonians. Wounds Apis. Goes mad. Slays his brotherSmerdis. Marries and kills his sister. Magian revolt. Dies, 523. | ||
| Smerdis Magus, 523. Conspiracy of the Seven. Death of the Magi. | ||
| Darius, 522-485. Sends Democydes to spy Greece. Babylonian revolt.Babylon taken by Zopyrus, 516. Restores Syloson to Samos, 512. Barcaconquered, 512. Invades Scythia, 508. Megabazus subdues Thrace. Otanessubdues Lemnos and Imbros. Disturbances in Ionia. Burning of Sardis,503. Cyprians join the revolt, 502; conquered, 501. Miletus taken, 498.Pacification of Ionia, 497. Mardonius marches against Greece, 495.Wrecked at Athos. Darius sends to Greece for earth and water, 493.Expedition of Datis and Artaphernes, 492; enslave Naxos and Eretria,490. Marathon, 490. Preparations for another invasion, 489. Egyptianrevolt, 486. | ||
| Xerxes, 485-479. Subdues Egypt, 484. Prepares for a Greek expedition.Leaves Susa, April, 481. Winters at Sardis. Battle of Thermopylæ, 480.Takes Athens, 480. Battle of Salamis, Sept., 480. Retires to Asia.Mardonius defeated at Platæa, and the Persian fleet at Mycale, the sameday, Sept. 22, 479. | ||
HERODOTEAN WEIGHTS AND MONEY, DRY AND LIQUID MEASURES, AND MEASUREMENTS OF LENGTH.
Eubœic or Attic Silver Weights and Money.
| WEIGHT (Avoirdupois). | VALUE | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lbs. | oz. | grs. | ||||
| 1 | Obol | — | — | 11.08 | $.033 | |
| 6 | Obols | 1 Drachma | — | — | 66.5 | .198 |
| 100 | Drachmæ | 1 Mina | — | 15 | 33.75 | 19.784 |
| 60 | Minæ | 1 Talent | 56 | 15¼ | 100.32 | 1187.00 |