The Old Road - Hilaire Belloc - Page №74
The Old Road
Hilaire Belloc
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  • À Becket, St. Thomas. See '[St. Thomas].'
  • Addington, megalithic remains at, [253] (note 2).
  • Adie, Mrs., her valuable book, The Pilgrim's Way, referred to, [136], [214].
  • Albury, 'Weston Street' old name of, [136] (note 2).
  • —— Church, old (SS. Peter and Paul), passed, according to Ordnance map, to south by Old Road, [110] (note).
  • —— Park, preservation of Old Road in, [82]; discussion of Old Road in, [174], [175].
  • —— Wood. See '[Weston].'
  • Alfred, desecration of grave of, [125].
  • Alresfords, the, not on the Old Road, [127]; medieval road to, from Alton, [129], [130] (note 1).
  • Alton, battle of, mentioned, [126]; approach to medieval road to Alresford from, [129], [130] (note 1); approach to, described, [144]-[146].
  • Anchor, Inn at Ropley, [137], [138] (map).
  • Anglo-Saxon Period, character of, [83]-[85]. See also [Dark Ages].
  • Antiquity, fascination of, [10].
  • Arthur's Seat (near Redhill), exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at, [106] (note); described on journey, [209].
  • Avebury, and Stonehenge, mark convergence of prehistoric roads, [16].
  • Aylesford, a crossing of the Medway, its claims discussed, [245]-[248]; and map, [236]; [253] (note 2).
  • Barfleur, last southern port of 'Second Crossing,' [49], [50].
  • Barrow, near Chilham, [269].
  • Bentley, passage of Old Road by, [149].
  • Betchworth Lime Pits, passed on journey and described, [188]-[193].
  • Bigberry Camp, fort of Canterbury, stormed by Caesar, [43]; compared with St. Catherine's Hill at Winchester, [70]; Professor Boyd-Dawkins's examination of, [271] (note), visited on journey and described, [273]-[275].
  • Bishopstoke, church of, on site of Druidical stone circle, [109].
  • Bishop Sutton, church of, passage of Old Road as near as possible to south of, [110]; mentioned in Domesday, [130]; passed on our journey, [134].
  • Bittern (Clausentum), example of Roman use of Second Crossing, [55].
  • Bletchingly, example of Old Road on crest of hill, [107].
  • Boughton Aluph, hills beyond, example of Old Road on crest of hill, [107].
  • —— —— Church, example of church passed to south, [110]; passed on journey, [265]; discussion of road to eastward of, [265], [266].
  • Boulogne, principal historic, but probably not earliest, southern port of Straits of Dover, [35].
  • Box Hill, its appearance from Denbies at evening described, [178]; track of Road recovered on, [181].
  • Boxley, Roman and British coins found at, [253] (note 2).
  • —— Abbey, site of referred to, [240]; Roman and British coins found at, [253].
  • Boyd-Dawkins, Professor, his examination of Bigberry Camp, [271] (and note).
  • Brackham Warren, passage of Old Road by, [186].
  • Brading, example of Roman use of Second Crossing, [55].
  • Brisland Lane, coincident with Old Road, [140].
  • Britain, Roman. See '[Roman Britain].' (Conservation of antiquities in, [81]-[82].)
  • British Coins, discovered at Gatton, [203]; at Aylesford, [245]; at Boxley, [253] (note 2).
  • Brixbury Wood, passage of Old Road along, [162].
  • Broad Street, near Lenham, place-name significant of passage of Old Road, [136] (note 2).
  • Bull Inn, near Bentley, approach of Old Road to River Wey at, [152].
  • Burford Bridge, error caused by passage of Pilgrimage at, [95] (note); not crossed by Old Road, [182]-[184].
  • Burham, church of, passage of Old Road to south of, [110]; passed on journey, [253].
  • Bury Hill Camp, on original track of Old Road, [27].
  • Butts, the, at Alton, entry both of medieval and prehistoric roads, [145].
  • Caesar, first eye-witness of conditions of southern Britain, [24]; fort at Canterbury stormed by him, [43], [275].
  • Calais, probably first southern port of the Straits of Dover, [34]-[35].
  • Calvados, reef of, [50].
  • Camp, of Canterbury (Bigberry Wood), stormed by Caesar, [43]; of Winchester (St. Catherine's hill), [70]; of Holmbury, Farley Heath, and Anstie Bury, alluded to, [170]-[171]; of Oldbury, of Fosbery, [253] (note 2); Bigberry described, [273]-[275].
  • Camps, of Winchester and Canterbury compared, [70].
  • Canterbury, why the goal of Old Road in its final form, causes of development of, [31]-[42]; created by necessity of central depôt for Kentish ports, [41]; importance of its position on the Stour, [42]; resistance to Caesar, [43]; origin of its religious character, [44]; compared with Winchester, [66]-[71]; entered by Westgate, [277].
  • —— Cathedral, visited, [278]-[280].
  • Cassiterides, their identification with Scilly Isles doubtful, [20].
  • Chalk, has preserved Old Road, [75]-[76]; third cause of preservation of Old Road fully discussed, [97], [98]; excursion upon, [189]-[192].
  • Chantries Wood, [163].
  • Charing, block of St. John at, [94]; example of church passed to north, [111], [257]; described, [260], [261]; rhyme on, [261] (note).
  • Chawton Wood, medieval road from Alton to Alresford passed through, [136] (note 1).
  • —— Village, passed, [146].
  • Chevening Park, passage of Old Road across, [217].
  • —— church, example of Old Road passing to north, [111].
  • Chequers Inn, Ropley, passage of Old Road through garden of, [138].
  • Chilham, church, mentioned, [94]; probable diversion of Old Road at, by Pilgrimage, [95] (note); probability of Old Road passing south of hill at, [106] (note); church probably passed from south, [110]; Park crossed, [269]; discussion as to track of Road east of, [267]-[273] (and map).
  • Chilterns, the, their position in scheme of prehistoric roads, [16]; connection with Icknield Way, [23].
  • Christianity, effect of a main road on its development, [7].
  • Churches, Wells in. See '[Wells].' Often built on pre-Christian sites, [109]; passed to south by Old Road, list of, [108]-[110]; of [King's Worthy], [Itchen Stoke], [Bishop Sutton], [Seale], [Puttenham], [St. Catherine's], [St. Martha's], [Albury], [Shere], [Merstham], [Titsey], [Chevening], [Bishopstoke], [Snodland], [Burham], [Lenham], [Charing], [Eastwell], [Chilham], etc. See under name of place.
  • Clausentum. See [Bittern].
  • Clay, Old Road often lost on, [75]; how avoided by Old Road in Upper Valley of Wey, [152] (and note); above Quarry Hangers, argument against identity of Pilgrim's Road with Prehistoric, [205].
  • Cobham Farm, Old Road lost at, [258].
  • Coldrum (or Trottescliffe), megalithic monument, [252]-[253] (and note), and [236] (map).
  • Colekitchen Combe, passage of Old Road across, [177].
  • Colley Farm, Roman remains at, [197].
  • —— Hill, example of Old Road on crest of hill, [107]; described with map, [196].
  • Compton, probable diversion of Old Road through, by Pilgrimage, [95] (note); also [159], [160].
  • Cotentin, promontory of the, its value as a breakwater to the 'Second Crossing,' 46, [50]; height of shore hills upon, [48].
  • Cotswolds, the, their position in scheme of prehistoric road, [16], [23].
  • Cowes, as a harbour of Second Crossing, [55].
  • 'Crossing, Second.' See '[Second Crossing].'
  • Cultivation avoided by Old Road, exceptions to this, [148]-[149].
  • Cuxton, a possible crossing of the Medway, map, [236]; its claims discussed, [244].
  • Darent, river crossing, of, [219]-[225].
  • Dark Ages, reproduce barbaric conditions previous to Roman Conquest, [65].
  • Denbies Park, clear trace of Old Road along edge of, [178].
  • Detling, [257].
  • Domesday, Worthies mentioned in, [121] (note); three churches at Alresford mentioned in, [129]; Bishop Sutton mentioned in, [130]; Wrotham, Oxford, Charing mentioned in, [221].
  • Dorking Lime Pits, track lost after, [178].
  • Dorsetshire Downs, their position in scheme of prehistoric roads, [16], [23].
  • Dover, Straits of, harbour of, originally an inlet, modern artificial character of, [36]. See [Straits].
  • Downs. See [North], [South], [Dorsetshire].
  • Drovers, preserve old tracks by avoiding turnpike roads, [95]; their road to London after Shere confused with Old Road, [176].
  • Dun Street, near Eastwell Park, place-name significant of passage of Old Road, [136] (note 2); passed on journey, [262].
  • Duthie, his record of medieval road from Alresford to Alton, [136] (note 1).
  • Eastwell Park, preservation of Old Road, [82]; passage through on journey, [263].
  • Ermine Street, alluded to, [19]; less affected than Icknield Way by revolution of the twelfth century, [87].
  • Farnham, marks ends of North Down Ridge, [26]; on original track of Old Road, [27]; strategical and political importance of, [153]-[154].
  • Farnham Lane, marks end of disused western portion of Old Road, [27].
  • Flanking Roads, [107].
  • Folkestone, one of modern harbours on northern shore of the Straits, its artificial character, [36].
  • Ford, of Itchen at Itchen Stoke, discussed, [130]-[133] (and map); of Wey at Shalford, position of, [166]-[167] (and map); of Mole, discussed, [181]-[183]; of Medway, or crossing, fully discussed, [236]-[253].
  • Fords, Old Road chooses those approached by a spur on either side, [111].
  • Fordwych, original limit of tide on Stour, [43].
  • Fosse Way, alluded to, [19]; begins to disappear with advent of Middle Ages, [87].
  • Froyle, passage of Old Road by, [152].
  • Gatton, exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at, [106] (note); speculation on history of, [201]; track of Old Road through, and passage to north of crest described, [199] (note), [202]-[203].
  • Geological conditions of exit from Winchester, [122]; of upper Wey valley, [152] (and note); of Quarry Hangers, [205]; of crossing of Medway in general, [244]-[251]; of Snodland in particular, [250]-[251].
  • Gilbert Street, place-name suggesting passage of Old Road, [137].
  • Glastonbury, example of original importance of West Country, [22].
  • Gloucester, medieval tax on iron at, [20].
  • Godmersham, exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at, [106] (note); track of Road at, [267]-[269] (and map).
  • Goodnestone, village of, geographical centre of Kentish ports, why unsuitable as a political centre, [42].
  • Goodwin Sands, probably prehistoric, [39].
  • Greystone Lime Pits, Merstham, recovery of Old Road at, [206].
  • 'Grey Wethers,' name of platform beyond Medway opposite Wrotham, [233].
  • Grésivaudan, example of advantage of Partial Isolation, [30].
  • Gris Nez, look-out towards English shore, [32]; forbids harbours near it, but provides shelter to eastward coast, [34].
  • Gomshall, doubt as to passage of Old Road at, [176].
  • 'Habits,' of the Old Road, list of, [104]-[113].
  • Hamble, River, as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,' [54].
  • Harbours, multiplicity of, in Straits of Dover, produced by complexity of tides, [31], [32], [35]; list of original and modern, on northern shore of the Straits, [35]; of Southampton Water, Solent, and Spithead, excellence of, [55]; list of, on Solent and Southampton Water, [55].
  • Harrietsham, [257].
  • Hart Hill, Old Road recovered at, [258].
  • Hastings, mirage at, alluded to, [34].
  • Haverfield, his map giving Roman road from north gate of Winchester, [124] (note).
  • Headbourne Worthy, arguments for and against its standing on Old Road, [120]-[125]; mentioned in Domesday, [121].
  • High Cross, compared to Gatton, [201].
  • Hills, ranges of, correspond with prehistoric roads, [15]-[16] (with map); crest of, usually avoided by Old Road, [106].
  • Hoborough, Roman remains in, [253] (note 2).
  • Hog's Back, hill near Farnham, continues range of North Downs, [26]; affords example of turnpike protecting Old Road, [96]; excellent example of 'Flanking Road,' [107]; passage of Old Road along, [156] et seq.
  • Hollingbourne, [257].
  • Horizons, of Barfleur and St. Catherine's, [48] (map), [50].
  • 'Hundred Stones,' the, megalithic monument, [254] (note 2).
  • Hyde Abbey, site and ruins of, [123]-[125].
  • Icknield Way, alluded to, [22]; begins to disappear in Middle Ages, [87].
  • Inns, [Anchor], [Chequers], [Jolly Farmer], [Kentish Drover], etc. See under these names.
  • Iron, its early production in West England, [23]; in the Sussex Weald, [24].
  • Islands, examples of advantages of Partial Isolation, [31].
  • Isle of Wight, its projection southward invites 'Second Crossing,' [46]; importance of St. Catherine's Hill in, [51]; harbours of, and reef off Ventnor, [55].
  • Isolation, Partial, Geographical, political advantages of, [22]-[31].
  • Itchen Abbas, origin of name, [126]; Roman villa discovered near, [126] (note); passed on our journey, [125].
  • Itchen, river, continuation of Southampton Water, [56]; compared to Stour, [68], [69]; made navigable by Lucy, [130]; view of, from Alresford Hill, [133]-[134]; crossing of, at Itchen Stoke, [130]-[133] (and map).
  • —— Valley of, forms Winchester to Farnham Road, [60].
  • Itchen Stoke, old church of, passage of Old Road to south of, [110]; site and date of destruction of, [126].
  • —— Ford at, Old Road passes Itchen by, [128]-[133] (and map); passed on our journey, [132].