[CHAPTER THIRD]
[The Past and Present]

[Part I.—The Past]

[Section I.—The Saxon Invasion—The Norman Conquest] 151
[Section II.—Formative Periods] 153
[Section III.—The Broadening of Ideas] 157

[Part II.—The Present]

[Section I.—Effects of the Saxon Invasion and the Norman Conquest] 159
[Section II.—English Commerce and Industry] 165
[Section III.—Agriculture] 170
[Section IV.—English Society.—Philosophy.—Religion] 175
[Section V.—What Forces Have Produced the Present Civilization] 180

[BOOK V.—MODERN AUTHORS]

[Introductory Note] 185

[CHAPTER FIRST]

[The Novel.—Dickens] 187

[Part I.—The Author]