[XXIII-19] Twelve thousand of whom were from the city of Utatlan. Relacion, i. 158. Juarros says the first contingent contained 16,000 men. Guat., ii. 251. Bernal Diaz gives the whole number as more than 16,000. Hist. Verdad., 174. Herrera uses the indefinite but safe expression 'vn gran exercito de Quazaltenalco.' dec. iii. lib. v. cap. ix.
[XXIII-20] The numbers are differently given. Alvarado says there were 90 horsemen; Juarros, 135 horse; Herrera, that the whole force consisted of 80 horse, 200 infantry, and a strong body of Mexicans. Bernal Diaz uses the general expression, 'with his army.'
[XXIII-21] Such is the legend long retained among the Quichés. Guatemala, Chronica de la Prov., i. 13; Brasseur de Bourbourg, Hist. Nat. Civ., iv. 641.
[XXIII-22] 'I nuestros Amigos, i los Peones hacian vna destruccion, la maior del Mundo, en vn Arroio.' Alvarado, Relacion, i. 158.
[XXIII-23] Vazquez asserts that this engagement took place on the 14th of May, 1524, while the despatch by Alvarado reporting the event to Cortés is dated more than a month earlier, April 11th.
[XXIII-24] It is difficult to arrive at any approximation to the number of slain during the series of engagements on the Pinar. Vazquez is the only authority who ventures to put down figures. 'Viniendo sobre el Exercito Christiano ... de trece mil, en trece mil, cada dia, aquellos.... Barbaros tan imperterritos â la muerte, y al estrago que las Catholicas armas hacian en su numeroso Exercito, quedando muertos mas de diez, y doze mil infieles, encendiendo en los que quedauan viuos ... que acoradas con la vertida sangre de sus compañeros avivaban mas su rabia, para embestir con irracional despecho â las Españoles.' Chronica de Gvat., 5. See also Bernal Diaz, Hist. Verdad., 159.
[XXIII-25] The names of these caciques, given by Juarros, were Calel Ralak, Ahpopqueham, Calelahau, and Calelaboy, as supplied by the manuscript previously mentioned in [note 17], this chapter.
[XXIII-26] So they called the Spaniards, as the soldiers of Alvarado, generally known by the name of Tonatiuh, the initial 'T' being changed by the Quichés into 'D.' Vazquez, Chronica de Gvat., 524.
[XXIV-1] Also called Gumarcaah. It is represented to-day by the town of Santa Cruz del Quiché, which is situated so near the ruins of the ancient city that it might be considered an outlying suburb. About the middle of the sixteenth century Utatlan was entirely abandoned and the inhabitants removed to Santa Cruz. Juarros, Guat., i. 66; Brasseur de Bourbourg, Hist. Nat. Civ., iv. 647.
[XXIV-2] Juarros, Guat., i. 66-7; Alvarado, Relacion, i. 159; Ramirez, Proceso contra Alvarado, 32. See also [Native Races, ii. 744], [788-9]. Atalaya and Resguardo are Spanish terms, the first signifying 'Watch-tower' and the other 'Guard.'