[XXII‑24] [Hist. Cent. Am., i. 418], [441], this series.
[XXII‑25] A single extract will show the partiality of this report. 'Que del dicho Nombre de Dios al dicho de Panamá van 18 leguas por tierra por un camino muy trabajoso de muy grandes lodos y calores, y pasan un rio, y la primera jornada 112 veces ó mas en un dia.' García Hermosillo, Mem. in Extr. Sueltos, xxi. 28-9.
[XXII‑26] Memorials were presented by the cabildo on Dec. 22, 1559, on May 17, 1561, and again on 26th of January 1562, when they denounced Nombre de Dios as 'la Sepultura de Españoles.' Arévalo, Col. Doc. Antig., 27-33.
[XXII‑27] This memorial is not dated, but Squier says it was written in 1565. Aniñon, Discurso, in Squier's MSS., v.
[XXII‑28] Pan. Descrip., in Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., iv. 108-9. Its original name was San Felipe de Puertovelo. Purchas, Pilgrimes, v. 889, errs in giving 1584 as the date of removal.
[XXII‑29] Some physicians ascribed these diseases to the use of Peruvian wine, notwithstanding the prohibitions already mentioned. To a statement made by the councillor of the corporation to the city council of Panamá a medical report is appended which reads thus: 'Muchas calenturas ardientes y podridas, muchos dolores de costado, cámaras de sangre, romadizo y otras indisposiciones de calor y humedad, por ser esta tierra mui caliente y húmeda por cuya razon hierve dentro de las venas, y humedeciendo el cerebro causa vahidos, y las dichas enfermedades arriba referidas, y granos, y virùelas, y sarampion y ronchas. Fecho en Panamá en onze de Abril de mil y seiscientos.' Reales Cédulas, in Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xvii. 219-22.
[XXII‑30] Reales Cédulas, in Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xvii. 531-2; confirmed by Vazquez, Chron. de Gvat., 222-3, and Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., ix. 89-90. Juarros, Guat., states that it did not receive the royal approbation until July 7, 1565. In the beginning of 1560 a royal cédula was issued, vesting the government of Tierra Firme in the president of the audiencia residing in Panamá. The people of Guatemala resisted the change as long as they could, and other mandates were necessary to give full force to this measure. See Reales Ced., in Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xviii. 531-2, and Decadas, in Id., xiii. 36-38.
[XXII‑31] A special cédula, dated July 30, 1588, on the appointment of García de Mendoza as viceroy, authorizes him to take part in and preside over the sessions of the audiencia, but not to interfere with matters relating to the administration of justice. Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xvii. 467. Other cédulas issued in 1614, 1620, and 1628 confirmed the one issued in 1571. The first of these three orders also made the provinces of Charcas and Quito subject to the viceroy of Peru. Recop. de Ind., ii. 109-10; Zamora, Bib. Leg. Ult., iii. 357; Montesclaros, Relacion, in Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., vi. 191.
[XXII‑32] The king mentions this fact, and instructs the president of the audiencia to have a periodical examination of the accounts of the treasury officers made by one of the oidores. Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xvii. 410.
[XXII‑33] The president of the audiencia stated to the king that the family were destitute, and that the money could not be recovered from them, whereupon his Majesty ordered its collection from the sureties. This document is dated July 8, 1580. Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., xvii. 487-8.