[XI-65] Froebel, Aus Amer., tom. ii., pp. 166, 469; Johnston, in Cutts' Conq. of Cal., p. 183; Newberry, in Cal. Farmer, April 10, 1863.
[XI-66] Abert, New Mex., in Emory's Reconnoissance, pp. 489-92, identifies Cíbola with Acoma and the six adjoining Pueblo towns; and Morgan, in N. Amer. Review, April, 1869, with the Chaco ruins.
[XI-67] See Castañeda, in Ternaux-Compans, Voy., série i., tom. ix., pp. 42, 69-71. 'Veynte y quatro leguas de aqui, hazia el Poniente, dieron con vna Prouincia, que se nombra en lengua de los naturales Zuny, y la llaman los Espannoles Cibola, ay en ella gran cantidad de Indios, en la qual estuuo Francisco Vasquez Coronado, y dexo muchas Cruzes puestas, y otras sennales de Christianidad que siempre se estauan en pie. Hallaron ansi mesmo tres Indios Christianos que se auian quedado de aquella jornada, cuyos nombres eran Andres de Cuyoacan, Gaspar de Mexico, y Antonio de Guadalajara, los quales tenian casi oluidada su mesma lengua, y sabian muy bien la delos naturales, aunque a pocas bueltas que les hablaron se entendieron facilmente.' Espejo, Viaje, in Hakluyt's Voy., vol. iii., p. 387. Hakluyt says the narrative is from Mendoza, Hist. China, Madrid, 1586; but nothing of the kind appears in the Spanish edition of that work, 1596, or in the Italian edition of 1586.
[XI-68] Emory's Reconnoissance, pp. 82, 133; Abert's New Mex., in Id., p. 484; Whipple, Ewbank, and Turner, in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. iii., pp. 45, 47; Whipple, in Id., pp. 64, 69, 73, 76, 91; Bartlett's Pers. Nar., vol. ii., pp. 245-7; Browne's Apache Country, p. 118; Cal. Farmer, June 22, 1860.
[XI-69] Whipple, Ewbank, and Turner, in Pac. R. R. Rept., vol. iii., pp. 48-9; also Whipple, in Id., pp. 64-5, 69, 73, 76, 81. Of the cut given above, fig. 2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13-4, 17, 21, 24, 28, 31-2, are from the Colorado Chiquito; fig. 22, 27, are from Zuñi, and modern; fig. 34, from the Cosnino caves, the ornaments having been put on after the vessel had hardened; fig. 25, 29, 30, 35, are not painted, but incrusted or indented. 'It is a singular fact, that, although some of the most time-worn carvings upon rocks are of animals and men, ancient pottery contains no such representations. Upon one fragment, indeed, found upon Rio Gila, was pictured a turtle and a piece of pottery picked up near the same place was moulded into the form of a monkey's head. These appeared to be ancient, and afforded exceptions to the rule.' Id., p. 65. Cut of a fragment and comparison with one found in Indiana. Foster's Pre-Hist. Races, pp. 249-50.
[XI-70] Möllhausen's Journey, vol. i., p. 264, vol. ii., p. 52, with pl.; Id., Tagebuch, pp. 168-70; Bartlett's Pers. Nar., vol. i., pp. 170-6; Domenech's Deserts, vol. i., pp. 161-2, 419-20.
[XI-71] See vol. ii., p. 533, et seq.
[XI-72] See Simpson's Jour. Mil. Recon., pp. 20-2, pl. 7-11.
[XI-73] Froebel's Cent. Amer., p. 521.
[XII-1] 'Since the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth Rock, down to the present moment, relics of a lost race have been exhumed from beneath the surface of terra firma in various parts of the continent. While every section of the United States has produced more or less of these ancient remnants, California has, perhaps, yielded more in proportion to the extent of territory, than any other part of the Union.' Carpenter, in Hesperian, vol. v., p. 357.