1. On an outline map indicate (a) William the Conqueror's French dominions and (b) additional dominions of the Plantagenet kings in France.
2. Prepare a chart showing the leading rulers mentioned in this chapter. Arrange your material in parallel columns with dates, one column for England, one for France, and one for the other European countries.
3. Locate the following places: Crécy; Calais; Poitiers; Salisbury; Stirling; Edinburgh; Orléans; and Granada.
4. What happened in 987 A.D.? in 1066 A.D.? in 1215 A.D.? in 1295 A.D.? in 1346 A.D.? in 1453 A.D.? in 1485 A.D.?
5. Distinguish between a nation, a government, and a state.
6. Are unity of race, a common language, a common religion, and geographical unity of themselves sufficient to make a nation? May a nation arise where these bonds are lacking?
7. "The thirteenth century gave Europe the nations as we now know them." Comment on this statement.
8. Account for the rise of national feeling in France, Spain, Scotland, and Switzerland.
9. "Good government in the Middle Ages was only another name for a public- spirited and powerful monarchy." Comment on this statement.
10. What advantages has trial by jury over the older forms of trial, such as oaths, ordeals, and the judicial duel?