The Economics of the Russian Village

by Isaac A. Hourwich

Communities	50,429
Households	3,309,020
Males and females	19,693,191
Average membership to 1 family	5.95
To the do. of Ranenburg	6.4
” ” Dankoff	6.4
” ” Korotoyak	7.3
” ” Nizhnedevitzk	7.8

[100] The correlation between the number of workers and the size of the farm can be summed up as follows:

Number of Workers to 1 Family.	Classes of Farms (per cent.).
	Korotoyak.			Nizhnedevitsk.
	Below the average size.	Average size.	Above the average size.	Below the average size.	Average size.	Above the average size.
None	61	33	6	49	44	7
One	25	59	16	29	56	15
Two	3	56	41	7	60	33
Three	1	22	77	3	25	72
Total	16	50	34	18	51	31

[101]

Districts.	Stopped working on their farms.		Stopped tilling one part of their farms.
	Horseless, per cent.	In the district at large, per cent.	With 1 horse.		In the district at large, per cent.
			All “stopped” etc. = 100.	All with 1 horse = 100.
Zadonsk	95	25	73	13	7
Korotoyak	95	15	62	16	8
Nizhnedevitsk	96	13	65	27	13

As shown by these figures, the percentage of householders who are unable to till the full size of their farms is twice as large among those with one horse as in the region at large; moreover, this transitional class of weak householders consists chiefly of those with one horse.

[102]

Districts.	“Horseless,” per cent.	With 1 horse, per cent.	In all, per cent.
Gubernia of Voronezh—
Zadonsk	25	40	65
Korotoyak	13	32	45
Nizhnedevitsk	13	32	45
Gubernia of Ryazañ—
Ranenburg	36	27	63
Dankoff	34	25	59

[103] The following tables are fully conclusive as regards the rise and growth of this class:

I. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF ADULT MALE WORKERS TO ONE HOUSEHOLD (TOTAL IN EVERY CLASS = 100.)