[115] Adrian Oswald, "A Case of Transatlantic Deduction," Antiques (July 1959), vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 59-61.
[116] For an example of comparable shape and date, see figure 6 of Ivor Noël Hume, "German Stoneware Bellarmines—An Introduction," Antiques (November 1958), vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 439-441.
[117] J. C. Harrington, "Dating Stem Fragments of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Clay Tobacco Pipes," Quarterly Bulletin Archeological Society of Virginia (September 1954), vol. 9, no. 1, no pagination. Audrey Noël Hume, "Clay Tobacco Pipe Dating in the Light of Recent Excavations," ibid. (December 1963), vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 22-25. Lewis H. Binford, "A New Method of Calculating Dates from Kaolin Pipe Stem Samples," Southeastern Archeological Newsletter (June 1962), vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 19-21.
[118] See Ivor Noël Hume, "Excavations at Rosewell, Gloucester County, Virginia, 1957-1959" (paper 18 in Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology: Papers 12-18, U.S. National Museum Bulletin 225, by various authors; Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1963), p. 222, fig. 35, no. 7, and p. 220.
[119] Adrian Oswald, "The Archaeology and Economic History of English Clay Tobacco Pipes," Journal of the British Archaeological Association (London, 1960), 3d series, vol. 23, p. 83.
[120] Oswald, loc. cit. (footnote 59).
[121] Noël Hume, "Excavations at Rosewell," p. 220, footnote 96.
[122] See: J. F. Blacker, The A B C of English Salt-Glaze Stoneware from Dwight to Doulton (London: S. Paul & Co., 1922), p. 34ff.; and Ivor Noël Hume, "Bellarmines and Mr. Dwight," Wine and Spirit Trade Record (December 17, 1956), pp. 1628-1632.
[123] C. Malcolm Watkins and Ivor Noël Hume, "The 'Poor Potter' of Yorktown" (paper 54 in Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, U.S. National Museum Bulletin 249, by various authors), Washington: Smithsonian Institution, in press.
[124] The earliest known importation is indicated in Boston News-Letter of January 17, 1724 (G. F. Dow, The Arts and Crafts in New England, 1704-1775, Topsfield, Massachusetts: The Wayside Press, 1927, p. 82).