| Indefinite: | io, anything, something. |
| Negative: | nenio, nothing. |
234. A pronoun (not personal) in predicate or relative relation to a pronoun ending in -o must itself be of the same series:
Kio estas ĉi tio, kion vi diras? What is this, which you say?
Ŝi vidis tion, kio ĵus okazis, she saw that which just occurred.
Ĉio ĉi, kion vi vidas, estas farita de ili, everything here (all this), which you see, was done by them.
Li havas ion por vi, sed nenion por mi, he has something for you, but nothing for me.
CORRELATIVE WORDS.
235. Pronouns, adjectives and adverbs, which are related to each other as corresponding demonstratives, interrogatives, relatives, etc., are called correlatives. In Esperanto the correlative system is more complete than in any other language, and may be summarized as follows:
| Demonstrative | Interrogative and Relative | Distributive | Indefinite | Negative |
|
tio (233) that (thing) |
kio (233) what, which |
ĉio (233) everything |
io (233) anything |
nenio (233) nothing |
|
tiu (56) that (one) |
kiu (146) who, which |
ĉiu (173) every, each |
iu (203) any (one) |
neniu (220) no (one) |
|
ties (62) that one's |
kies (147) whose |
ĉies (174) every one's |
ies (204) any one's |
nenies (221) no one's |
|
tia (65) that kind of |
kia (150) what kind of |
ĉia (177) every kind |
ia (208) any kind |
nenia (224) no kind of |
|
tie (68) there |
kie (151) where |
ĉie (182) everywhere |
ie (209) anywhere |
nenie (225) nowhere |
|
tiam (73) then |
kiam (155) when |
ĉiam (187) always |
iam (212) any time |
neniam (226) never |
|
tial (78) therefore, so |
kial (129) wherefore, why |
ĉial (188) for every reason |
ial (213) for any reason |
nenial (229) for no reason |
|
tiel (88), (156), thus, so |
kiel (156) how, as |
ĉiel (193) every way |
iel (216) any way |
neniel (230) in no way |
|
tiom (104) that much, so much |
kiom (164) how much, as |
ĉiom (194) all, the whole of |
iom (217) some, any amount |
neniom (231) none, no quantity |
THE USE OF AJN.
236. The word ajn may be placed after any interrogative-relative or indefinite correlative word, to give a generalizing sense. In order to avoid confusion with the accusative plural ending, ajn is never attached to the correlative which it follows:
|
kio ajn, whatever. kies ajn, whosesoever. kie ajn, wherever. |
kiam ajn, whenever. kiom ajn, however much. ia ajn, any kind whatever. |