La knabo laŭdas lin, the boy praises him (another person).
Ŝi donas pomojn al ŝi, she gives apples to her (to another person).
La birdo vidis ĝin, the bird saw it (something else than the bird).
La knaboj kaŝis ilin, the boys hid them (other persons or things).
Ili trovis ilin apud si, they found them (other persons or things) near them(selves).
La birdoj flugis al ili, the birds flew to them.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES.
43. Words like "my," "his," "your," which indicate ownership or some possessive relation, are called possessive adjectives. Possessive adjectives are formed from the personal pronouns by adding the adjective ending -a, as mia, my, via, your (cia, thy), lia, his, ŝia, her, ĝia, its, nia, our, via, your (plural), ilia, their. The limitation in the use of the third personal pronouns (42) is also true of the adjectives derived from them:
Mia domo kaj miaj ĝardenoj estas grandaj, my house and my gardens are large.
Johano sidas sur via seĝo, John is sitting in your chair.
Li havas lian ĉevalon, he has his (another person's) horse.
Ĉu vi legis ŝiajn librojn? Did you read her books?
Sometimes these words are called possessive pronouns, although really they are not pronouns at all, but pronominal adjectives with a possessive meaning.
44. Reflexive possessive adjectives, like the reflexive pronoun, refer to the subject of the verb in the sentence. For the first and second persons, they are the same as the personal possessive adjectives. The reflexive possessive adjective of the third person is sia, his, her, its, their, formed by adding the ending -a to the reflexive pronoun si:
Mi havas miajn librojn sur mia tablo, I have my books on my table.
Johano perdis siajn librojn, John lost his (John's) books.
Mario estas en sia ĉambro, Mary is in her room.
La birdoj flugis al sia arbo, the birds flew to their tree.
PRONOMINAL USE OF POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES.
45. Possessive adjectives may be used predicatively, as "the book is mine," or may modify some word or words not expressed, as "mine are large." Instead of having special forms, like English mine, yours, hers, etc., Esperanto uses the regular possessive adjectives preceded by the article:
La granda libro estas la mia, the large book is mine.
La via estas granda, la miaj estas belaj, yours is large, mine are beautiful.
Ili havas la sian, sed ne la lian, they have theirs, but not his.
La iliaj ŝajnas esti bonaj, theirs seem to be good.