470 The Athenians, under Cimon defeat the Persians, on the Eurymedon river, twice in one day, first on water and then on land.
465 Third Messenian war; lasts ten years.
457 Battle of Tanagra; Age of Pericles (Athenian statesman).
445 Age of Herodotus (historian); Phidias (sculptor).
431 First Peloponnesian war commences; continues twenty-seven years; Age of Hippocrates (physician); Democrates (philosopher, &c.)
424 Bœotians defeat the Athenians at Delium.
406 Naval battle of Ægos Potamos; Athenian fleet defeated by the Spartans; Age of Protagoras (philosopher); Parrhasius (painter).
401 Battle of Cunaxa; Death of Cyrus the younger; Retreat of the ten thousand under Xenophon.
400 Death of Socrates; 396 Age of Zeuxis (painter); Aristippus (philosopher).
395 Veii besieged by the Romans for ten years.