William Pitt and the Great War

by J. Holland Rose

• St. André, André Jeanbon, [167].
• St. Asaph, Bishop of. See [Horsley, Samuel].
• St. Helen's, Lord, Ambassador at Madrid, [150], [154], [156], [228], [230].
• St. Januarius, [372].
• St. John, Lord, [246].
• St. John, Order of, [368], [369], [373], [468], [527].
• St. Lucia, [225], [237], [240], [241].
• St. Vincent, Sir John Jervis, Earl of, expedition to the West Indies, [137], [225], [243];
  • battle of St. Vincent, [244], [277], [309], [310], [336];
  • in the Mediterranean, [366], [367], [420];
  • First Lord of the Admiralty, [483], [495], [498], [501].
• St. Vincent, revolt in, [239];
  • relief of, [241].
• St. Vincent, Cape, battle of, [244], [277], [309], [310].
• Saldanha Bay, defeat of the Dutch in, [254].
• San Domingo, [220], [223] n., [225], [233], [235];
  • ceded to France, [236], [237], [241], [275], [321].
  • See also [Hayti].
• Santerre, Claude, [58].
• "Sant' Iago," the, seizure of, [232], [233].
• Sardinia, compact with England, [123], [143], [147], [150], [151], [267], [268];
  • growth of Jacobinism in, [197];
  • independence of, stipulated by Pitt, [371].
• Saumur, capture of, [136].
• Saurin, Capt. William, [404], [405] n.
• Savoy, annexed by France, [68], [72], [113], [276].
• Saxony, Elector of, King-elect of Poland, [54].
• Scheldt, the, opening of, [47], [71], [72], [75], [79], [80], [82], [84], [86], [91], [97], [105], [114], [117], [119];
  • French gunboats in, [76], [107].
• Schönbrunn, Convention of, [553].
• Scotland, waking of political life in, [13], [22], [173];
  • failure of motion to repeal the Test Act in, [13], [14];
  • Radical movement in, [77], [173] et seq.
• Scott, Sir John. See [Eldon, Lord].
• Scully, Denys, [442], [518], [519].
• Sebastiani, Colonel, [483].
• Secrecy, Parliamentary committee of, [167], [191], [316], [351].
• "Secret Committee of England," the, [349].
• Seditious Meetings Bill, [285]–[287].
• Seditious writings, proclamation against, [24], [25], [50].
• Ségur, Comte de, his mission to Berlin, [42]–[44].
• September Massacres, the, [57], [59]–[62].
• Seringapatam, capture of, [461], [462].
• Servan, Joseph, [58].
• Shannon, Lord, [341], [393], [402].
• Sheares, Henry and John, United Irishmen, [354];
  • arrested, [355], [356].
• Sheffield, disorder in, [62];
  • victory of Jermappes celebrated in, [70];
  • riots at, [166];
  • arrests at, [185], [186];
  • mass meeting at, [189], [193].
• Sheffield Association, the, [21], [22], [25], [181].
• Sheffield, Earl of, on French emissaries, [69], [70];
  • on the Corn Trade, [290];
  • on Pitt's redemption of Land Tax, [290], [332];
  • on Irish affairs, [395], [404], [421].
• Shepherd, John, of Faversham, his report on shortage of corn, [289].
• Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, his breach with Canning, [39], [41];
  • warns Chauvelin of Whig patriotism, [87];
  • suggests an appeal to France to spare Louis, [91], [92], [94] n.;
  • on the massacre of royalists at Quiberon, [262];
  • and the mutinies in the fleet, [312], [313], [316], [318];
  • on the new taxes (1797), [329];
  • and Arthur O'Connor, [350];
  • opposes the Act of Union, [412], [413], [421], [422], [427];
  • on Pitt's speech on the war (1803), [488];
  • on the danger of a standing army, [510];
  • as an orator, compared with Pitt, [567];
  • mentioned, [23], [24], [165], [179], [188], [191], [238], [241], [286], [290], [293], [309], [352] n., [383], [497], [498], [517], [518].
• Sicily, policy of defence of, [525], [526].
• Sidmouth, Viscount. See [Addington, Henry].
• Sieyès, Abbé, [233].
• Silesia, rising of the weavers in, [201].
• Simcoe, Major-General, Governor of Hayti, [245], [246].
• Sinclair, Charles, delegate to the British Convention, [181], [182];
  • turns informer, [182].
• Sinclair, Sir John, President of the Board of Agriculture, [293]–[295];
  • loses his seat, [295];
  • his correspondence with Pitt, [296];
  • his General Enclosure Bill, [297];
  • his financial suggestions, [305], [308] n., [309], [332];
  • withdraws amendment hostile to Pitt, [328];
  • on Spencer Perceval, [466].
• Sinking Fund, the, [31], [32], [568].
• Sistova, Congress of, [3].
• Skirving, William, [177];
  • his trial and transportation, [182]–[184].
• Slavery question, in the West Indies, [238], [239].
• Slave Trade, Wilberforce's proposals for abolition of, defeated, [502]–[503];
  • abolished in Guiana, [503].
• Sluysken, Governor of the Cape, [251]–[253].
• Smith, Adam, his "Wealth of Nations," [30], [567].
• Smith, James, [175].
• Smith, Joseph, Pitt's private secretary, [475], [476], [557].
• Smith, Captain (afterwards Sir Sidney), at Toulon, [160].
• Smith, General, M.P., [68];
  • opposes erection of barracks, [169], [170].
• Smith, William, M.P., [79], [457].
• Smugglers, their intercourse with France, [165].
• Snettisham, result of enclosures at, [292].
• "Soldiers' Friend," the, [169].
• Sombreuil, de, surrenders at Quiberon, [262].
• Somerset, Lord Charles, Paymaster of the Forces, [501].
• Somerville, Lord, President of the Board of Agriculture, [296].
• Sorel, Albert, mis-statements by, refuted, [277] n.
• Soult, Marshal, [379], [505], [508].
• Spain, compact with England, [123];
  • her co-operation at Toulon, [144], [145], [150], [151], [153], [160];
  • disputes with the English, [153], [154], [156], [157], [197];
  • her action in Hayti, [224], [227]–[229], [239], [241], [245];
  • state of under Charles IV, [230], [231];
  • hostility to England, [232], [233];
  • peace with France, [236], [237], [244], [257];
  • declares war against England, [241], [244], [275] (1804), [513], [514];
  • Pitt and, [524], [560].
• Spanish treasure-ships, seizure of, [514].
• Spencer, Rev. Dr., of Birmingham, [18], [186].
• Spencer, Earl, special envoy to Vienna, [211];
  • First Lord of the Admiralty, [273], [341], [342], [366], [367], [421], [436];
  • and the mutinies in the fleet, [311], [312], [314], [316];
  • opposes negotiations for peace, [322];
  • resigns, [440], [500].
• Spitalfields weavers, their grievances, [166].
• Spithead, mutiny at, [310]–[314].
• Stadion, Johann Philipp Karl Joseph, Austrian Ambassador in London, [84].
• Staël, Mme. de, at Juniper Hall, [64].
• Stahremberg, Count, [205];
  • Austrian Ambassador in London, [366].
• Stanhope, Earl, [87], [179], [188], [490], [502].
• Stanhope, Lady Hester, on Pitt and women, [299], [300], [303], [454], [455], [477], [531];
  • at Walmer, [490]–[495];
  • at Putney, [549], [554];
  • her parting with Pitt, [557].
• Stanhope, Lord Charles, [491].
• Stanhope, Lord James, [557], [558].
• Stanislaus, King, of Poland, [54].
• "Star," the, [66].
• Steele, Robert, Secretary to the Treasury, [412], [451], [454], [476], [557].
• Stein, Baron vom, [392], [535], [560].
• Stockport, "Friends of Universal Peace" at, [65].
• Stofflet, Nicolas, [136].
• Stralsund, Russians and Swedes at, [539].
• Stratton, Mr., British chargé d'affaires at Vienna, [75].
• Stuart, General Sir Charles, in Corsica, [256], [257].
• Sutton, Charles Manners, Bishop of Norwich, made Archbishop of Canterbury, [477].
• Sweden, refuses to aid the expedition to Holland, [380];
  • convention with England (1804), [516].
• Swellendam, settlement of, [252].
• Switzerland, [371];
  • importance of her position, [374];
  • Pitt's policy with regard to, [375], [377];
  • failure of campaign in, [378], [379].
• "Sun," the, [67].
• Suvóroff, Prince, [376], [378], [379].
• Sydney, Muir at, [177].

• Tainville, French envoy at The Hague, [82].
• Talleyrand, Périgord Charles Maurice de, [11];
  • his mission to London, [41]–[44];
  • second mission, [47]–[51];
  • intimacy with the Opposition, [51];
  • again in London, [60];
  • at Juniper Hall, [64];
  • his "Mémoire" on a Franco-British understanding, [83];
  • doubts of his loyalty, [83];
  • expelled from England, [103];
  • and the peace negotiations, [325], [326].
• Tallien, Jean Lambert, [262].
• Talon, M., [93], [94].
• Tara Hill, fight at, [357].
• Targowicz, Confederation of, [53].
• Tarleton, Mr., Mayor of Liverpool, [167].
• Tate, Colonel, [309].
• Teschen, Treaty of (1779), [365].
• Test Act, the, efforts to repeal, [10], [11];
  • in Scotland, [13], [14].
• Thanet, Lord, opposes the Act of Union, [421].
• Thatched House Tavern, [25].
• Thelwall, John, [167], [184], [285];
  • his trial, [193];
  • letter to Hardy, [352] n.
• Thornton, Edward, British envoy at Hamburg, [549].
• Thornton, Henry, opposes the taxes of 1797, [329].
• Thugut, Baron Franz von, Austrian diplomatic agent at Brussels, [46];
  • Chancellor, [129], [143], [148], [153] n., [197] n., [203], [204], [206], [209], [211], [212], [366], [372], [373], [378], [380], [383], [560];
  • his character and aims, [199], [200].
• Thurlow, Lord, Lord Chancellor, his character, [33];
  • dismissed, [34], [35];
  • hostile to France, [44];
  • on Lord Loughborough's death, [451], [452].
• Tierney, George, [316], [328], [352] n., [385], [427], [520];
  • his duel with Pitt, [334]–[336];
  • satirized by Canning, [337];
  • Treasurer of the Navy, [498];
  • refuses to serve under Pitt, [501].
• "Times," the, [67].
• Tippoo Sahib, [44], [250], [336], [461].
• Titchfield, Marquis of, [559].
• Tobago, [49];
  • captured by Great Britain, [198], [221].
• Tomline, George Pretyman, Bishop of Lincoln, [300], [456] n., [473], [475]–[477], [495], [496];
  • on Pitt's resignation, [442]–[444], [450], [480];
  • on the King's illness, [447], [448];
  • at Putney, [554]–[557].
• Tone, Wolfe, [78], [177], [340], [344];
  • goes to Paris, [345], [346];
  • his capture and death, [363].
• Tooke, Horne, intimate with Talleyrand, [51], [167];
  • his speech, [190];
  • arrested, [190];
  • acquitted, [192], [193].
• Tortuga, island of, [246].
• Toulon, see [Chap. VI];
  • occupied by Hood, [134], [145], [267];
  • British aims at, [154]–[156];
  • evacuated, [160];
  • destruction of French navy at, [160], [161], [198];
  • Napoleon's preparations at, [336], [349].
• Toussaint l'Ouverture, [221], [224], [239], [241], [247], [248].
• Trafalgar, battle of, [521], [533], [534].
• Traitorous Correspondence Bill, [164], [165].
• Treasonable Practices Bill, [285]–[287].
• Trevor, J. H. (afterwards Viscount Hampden), British Minister at Turin, [153] n.
• Trincomalee, capture of, [254].
• Trinidad, capture of, [246], [248];
  • valued highly by Pitt, [323], [325], [468]–[470].
• Trotter, Deputy-Treasurer of the Navy, [519], [521].
• Troy, Archbishop, [412], [417], [425] n.
• "True Briton," the, [67].
• Turcoing, battle of, [208], [270].
• Turin, captured by the allies, [376];
  • [470].
• Turkey, makes peace with Russia, [29], [52].
• Tuscany, attitude of, [150] n.
• Twiss, Colonel, [513].

• Ulm, battle of, [524], [534], [536], [537], [556].
• Union, the, with Ireland, see [Chs. XVIII], [XIX];
  • [568].
• Unitarians, Pitt opposes removal of disabilities of, [24].
• United Britons, [349].
• United Constitutional Societies, meeting at Norwich (1792), [26].
• United Englishmen, [349], [350].
• United Irishmen, Society of, [78], [174], [175], [316], [327], [340], [344];
  • turn to France, [345], [346], [349], [351], [357], [391].
• United Provinces. See [Dutch Republic].
• United Scotsmen, [349].
• United States, treaty with England (1794), [291].
• Utrecht, Treaty of (1713), [48], [72].

• Valdez, Don, Spanish Minister of Marine, [232].
• Valenciennes, [122], [123], [127], [129];
  • siege and fall of, [133], [134], [136];
  • surrendered, [210], [212], [460], [461].
• Valmy, battle of, [56], [57], [61], [66], [114], [200].
• Vancouver, Captain, [92];
  • ill-treated in California, [232].
• Vandamme, General, [382].
• Varennes, the flight to, [1], [2], [4];
  • receipt of the news in London, [10].
• Vauban, Count, [262], [263].
• Vendée, la, insurrection in, [135], [136];
  • expedition to, [237], [240], [262], [263].
• Venice, suggested partition of, [129] n., [200].
• Vereker, Colonel, [395].
• Victor Amadeus, King of Sardinia, [231].
• Victor Emmanuel I, King of Sardinia, [522], [523], [539].
• Villeneuve, Admiral, [532], [533].
• Villiers, George, [506], [507].
• Vinegar Hill, fight at, [360], [361].
• Volunteer Bill (1804), [497], [498].
• Volunteers, the, [124], [188], [278], [279], [337], [363];
  • Pitt's encouragement of, [474], [477], [488]–[494].
• Volunteers, the Ulster, [78].
• Vorontzoff, Count, Russian Ambassador in London, [9], [99], [123], [315], [478], [487] n., [527], [529], [541], [543], [550], [563].

• Walcheren, Isle of, [547].
• Wales, George, Prince of (afterwards George IV), his first speech at Westminster, [51];
  • and the Princess Caroline, [214];
  • and the King's illness, [448], [449], [497];
  • interviews with Pitt, [449];
  • Lord Mornington and, [460], [461];
  • his relations with the King, [507], [508];
  • and with the Princess, [508].
• Wales, Princess of, her extravagant conduct, [508].
• Walker, Thomas, his "Review of Political Events in Manchester," [11];
  • founds the Manchester Constitutional Society, [11], [12], [17];
  • prosecution of, [185].
• Walpole, General, acts as Tierney's second, [335].
• Walpole, Horace, and the French refugees, [64].
• Walter, John, of "The Times," [67].
• Ward, Robert Plumer, Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs, [550];
  • Pitt's care for, [557].
• Wardle, Colonel, [520].
• Warren, Admiral Sir John, [262], [363], [532] n.;
  • Ambassador at St. Petersburg, [508].
• Washington, George, [291].
• Watson, Dr., Bishop of Llandaff, his speech on the Union, [421].
• Watt, convicted at Edinburgh, [192], [193].
• Wattignies, battle of, [141], [200].
• Weishaupt, Adam, [26].
• Wellesley, Marquis (Earl of Mornington), [68], [313] n.;
  • on Pitt's duel with Tierney, [336];
  • his friendship with Pitt, [459]–[464], [554], [556], [566].
• Wellesley, Sir Arthur (afterwards Duke of Wellington), in Flanders, [209], [210];
  • battle of Assaye, [463], [505];
  • anecdote of Pitt told by, refuted, [524];
  • meeting with Nelson, [533];
  • Pitt's last words on, [556].
• West Indies, see [Chaps. IX], [X];
  • British designs on, [129], [137], [155], [156], [268], [275];
  • risings of negroes, [220], [237], [238];
  • slavery in, [238], [239];
  • incomes derived from, [370].
• Westminster programme of 1780, [168], [171].
• Westmorland, Earl of, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, [35], [73], [78], [151] n., [152] n., [282], [389], [402];
  • Master of the Horse, [339];
  • Lord Privy Seal, [440], [446], [501].
• Wheat, shortage of (1795–6), [288]–[291];
  • regulation of export and import of, [289].
• Whitbread, Samuel, [18], [19], [23], [89], [291], [294];
  • moves a vote of censure on Pitt, [312], [313];
  • his attack on Lord Melville, [518], [519].
• Whitworth, Lord, Ambassador at St. Petersburg, [99], [100], [115], [122], [369], [373];
  • ambassador in Paris, [485], [505].
• Whyte, Major-General, in the West Indies, [225], [241].
• Wickham, William, envoy in Switzerland, [276], [377].
• Wigan, strike of colliers at, [62].
• Wigglesworth, Colonel, Commissary-General in Hayti, [245].
• Wilberforce, William, opposes Flood's motion for reform, [12];
  • his relations with Pitt, [299], [457], [458], [503];
  • and "wicked" Williams, [318], [319];
  • pained by Pitt's duel with Tierney, [335], [336];
  • on the Catholic question, [417], [428];
  • and the Slave Trade, [502], [503];
  • and the impeachment of Melville, [520];
  • on Lord Harrowby, [538];
  • mentioned, [119], [238], [248], [276], [286], [420], [476], [566].
• Wilkinson, James, of Sheffield, [186].
• William V, Prince of Orange, [47], [74], [77] n., [107], [205], [216], [250], [383];
  • his letter to the Governor of the Cape, [250]–[252].
• Williams, "wicked," stirs up disaffection in the army, [318], [319].
• Williamson, Major-General, Governor of Jamaica, [223];
  • Governor of Hayti, [239];
  • recalled, [239].
• Willis, Dr. (jun.), [447], [448].
• Wilson, Rev. Edward, [287].
• Winchester, French prisoners at, [165];
  • soldiers quartered at, [169].
• Winchilsea, Lord, [412].
• Windham, William, on reform, [11], [12], [24];
  • on the war in la Vendée, [136], [137];
  • on the erection of barracks, [170];
  • Secretary at War, [192], [259]–[261], [271]–[273], [275], [341], [342], [379], [380], [436];
  • opposes negotiations for peace, [322], [326];
  • resigns, [440];
  • opposed to peace (1801), [469], [470];
  • on the Volunteers, [494];
  • joins Fox and Grenville, [500], [502], [504], [510], [517], [557];
  • opposes motion to bury Pitt in the Abbey, [559], [560];
  • mentioned, [89], [188], [191], [498].
• "World," the, [67].
• Wurmser, General, [121], [142] n., [200], [243], [461].

• Yarmouth, Lord, [142].
• Yeu, expedition to, [263], [272], [273].
• Yonge, Sir Charles, Secretary at War, [29], [128], [270].
• York, Duke of, his marriage, [31];
  • Commander-in-Chief in Flanders, [126], [127], [130], [133], [138]–[142], [147], [200], [201], [204], [208], [210], [213]–[215], [267], [269];
  • effort to shelve him foiled, [205], [206];
  • recalled, [215], [273];
  • Commander-in-Chief, [273], [285], [310], [362]–[363], [382], [448], [507].
• York, delegate to the British Convention, [181].
• Yorke, Charles, Under-Secretary at War, [489], [498], [499], [509], [521], [547].
• Yorke, Henry (alias Redhead), of Sheffield, [186], [189].
• Young, Arthur, [291], [292];
  • Secretary of the Board of Agriculture, [293];
  • superintends draining works at Holwood, [296];
  • on the new taxes (1797), [329].
• Young, Admiral, [311].
• Yriarte, Don Domingo d', signs the peace of Basle, [236].

• Zurich, battle of, [378].
• Zuype Canal, the, [382].

CHISWICK PRESS: PRINTED BY CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] I am perfectly aware that the term "Radical" (in its first form, "Radical Reformer") does not appear until a few years later; but I use it here and in the following chapters because there is no other word which expresses the same meaning.