William Pitt and the Great War

by J. Holland Rose

• Illuminati, the, [26].
• Income Tax, graduated, suggested, [20], [22], [307];
  • imposed by Pitt, [329], [370], [427], [450];
  • abandoned by Addington, [480].
• India, [387], [388], [460]–[464], [565].
• India Bill, Pitt's (1784), [568].
• Ireland, Parliament refuses franchise to Catholics, [77];
  • grave situation in, [278], [321], [333], [336];
  • Hoche's expedition to, [304], [308];
  • English loan to, [308], [347];
  • the Rebellion of 1798, [330], and see [Chaps. XVI], [XVIII];
  • Earl Fitzwilliam's Viceroyalty, [339]–[342];
  • Maynooth founded, [343];
  • feuds and disturbances, [344], [345];
  • Camden's policy of coercion, [345]–[348], [352], [355], [391];
  • financial straits, [347];
  • Franco-Irish plots, [349]–[351], [354];
  • resignation of Abercromby, [354];
  • progress of the Rebellion, [355]–[364];
  • French invasions, [362]–[364], [394], [395];
  • the Union, see [Chaps. XVIII], [XIX];
  • policy of Cornwallis, [395], [396];
  • corruption in Parliament, [402], [424], [425];
  • debates on the Act of Union, [411]–[415], [425]–[428];
  • continued danger from France, [420], [421], [425], [430];
  • financial relations with England, [425], [427], [568];
  • Act of Union passed, [428];
  • pocket boroughs disfranchised, [428];
  • Union honours, [428], [429].
• Isherwood, Mr., [460].

• Jackson, George, his "Diaries," [546].
• Jackson, Mrs., [547].
• Jackson, F. L., chargé-d'affaires at Madrid, [92], [229];
  • recalled, [230].
• Jacobi, Baron, Prussian Ambassador in London, [212], [213].
• Jacobins Club, the, in Paris, [25], [26], [42], [168], [169].
• Jamaica, sends help to Hayti, [220], [223];
  • coffee-planting in, [222];
  • atrocities of Maroons in, [237], [238].
• Jassy, Treaty of, [29], [52].
• Jay, John, American envoy to London, [291].
• Jean François, negro leader, [239].
• Jebb, Richard, his pamphlet against Union, [406].
• Jekyll, Joseph, M.P., on the new taxes (1797), [330].
• Jemappes, battle of, [57], [69], [113], [114].
• Jenkinson, Charles. See [Liverpool, Earl of].
• Jermagnan, Colonel de, [160].
• Jervis, Sir John. See [St. Vincent, Earl of].
• Johnstone, General, [361].
• Jones, Thomas, M.P., [426].
• Jourdan, Marshal, [140], [141].
• Joyce, Rev. Jeremiah, letter to Horne Tooke, [190];
  • arrested, [190];
  • discharged, [193].
• Jülich, Duchy of, [46].
• June 1st, 1794, battle of, [192], [225], [269].

• Kaiserslautern, battle of, [208].
• Kalkreuth, General, [543].
• Kaunitz, Prince, Austrian Chancellor, [5]–[9], [45], [50], [53], [199], [218].
• Keir, Dr., of Birmingham, [17].
• Keith, Sir Robert Murray, Ambassador at Vienna, [42], [46];
  • begs for recall, [50].
• Kenmare, Lord, [393].
• Kent, Duke of, [447], [448].
• Kenyon, Lord, [331].
• Kersaint, Captain, his speech against England, [102], [103], [106].
• Killala, French landing at, [362], [363].
• King, Lord, opposes the Act of Union, [421].
• Kinglake, A. W., [490].
• Korsakoff, General, [375], [378], [379].
• Kosciusko, Thaddeus, [53], [206].
• Kyd, Stewart, arrested, [190];
  • discharged, [193].

• Lageard, de, witty remark of, [276].
• Laharpe, F. C. de, [369].
• Lake, General, [348], [357], [361], [362].
• Lally-Tollendal, Comte de, [43], [93].
• Lambton, John, [23].
• Landrecies, surrendered, [210].
• Land Tax, [30], [31];
  • Pitt's Commutation Act, [331]–[333], [568].
• Langara, Admiral, [144], [146], [153], [154], [157], [159], [232].
• Lansdowne, Marquis of, Gillray's cartoon of, [35];
  • intimate with Talleyrand, [51], [77] n.;
  • opposes Government policy, [87];
  • opposes the Aliens Bill, [94];
  • on the insult to the King, [283].
• Larochejaquelein, Marquis de, [136].
• Las Casas, Spanish Ambassador in London, [243].
• Lascelles, Mr., M.P., [559].
• Lauderdale, Earl of, [23], [179], [286];
  • opposes the Aliens Bill, [94].
• Laurence, Dr. French, [427].
• Lebrun, P. M. Henri, French Foreign Minister, [58], [60], [69];
  • account of his career, [59];
  • his instructions to Dumouriez, [73], [74];
  • and Maret, [79]–[81];
  • negotiations with England, [84], [87], [89]–[91], [97], [104]–[108], [116];
  • his report on the negotiations, [95], [96], [101], [113], [117].
• Leeds, Duke of (Marquis of Carmarthen), [35] n.;
  • suggested as First Lord of the Treasury in Coalition Ministry, [36]–[38];
  • interview with the King, [37];
  • opposes the taxes of 1797, [329].
• Lees, John, [355], [395], [396], [406], [418].
• Leopold II, correspondence with George III on intervention in France, [2], [3];
  • signs the Declaration of Pilnitz, [5], [6];
  • distrusted by Pitt and Grenville, [8];
  • anxious to avoid war with France, [42];
  • his death, [45].
• Lescure, Marquis de, [136].
• Letourneur, C. L. F. Honoré, [323].
• Lewins, Edward John, delegate of the United Irishmen in Paris, [346], [348].
• Liancourt, Duc de, story of his flight, [63], [64].
• Ligurian Republic. See [Genoa].
• Lille, [122], [123], [127], [129];
  • peace negotiations at (1797), [247], [323]–[325].
• Lincoln, Bishop of. See [Tomline, George Pretyman].
• Liverpool, Earl of (Charles Jenkinson), [39], [290], [322], [330], [406].
• Liverpool, dock strike at, [62];
  • press-gang at, [166], [167].
• Livingston, Mr., American Envoy at Paris, [505], [506].
• Lloyd, George, [169].
• London, Preliminaries of, [468]–[470].
• Long, Charles (afterwards Lord Farnborough), [415], [439], [465], [476], [557].
• Longueville, Lord, letter to Pitt on the Union, [402], [403].
• Lorraine, [46], [122], [142], [197], [199], [200].
• Loughborough, Lord (Alexander Wedderburn), Lord Chancellor, [34], [35], [296], [297], [312], [331];
  • his efforts to bring about a union between Pitt and the Old Whigs, [36]–[38], [39] n.;
  • on the Scottish prosecutions, [179];
  • interviews with Grattan, [340];
  • on union with Ireland, [391], [399];
  • opposes Catholic Emancipation, [431]–[437], [440], [443], [445];
  • his record, [431], [432];
  • dismissed and created Earl of Rosslyn, [451];
  • the King's comment on his death, [451].
• Louis XVI, the flight to Varennes, [1], [4], [10];
  • accepts new constitution, [7];
  • letter to George III, [49];
  • his trial decreed, [74], [85], [96];
  • English sympathy for, [86];
  • proposed appeal from England for his life, [91], [92];
  • stories of Spanish and other efforts on his behalf, [92]–[94];
  • his execution, [108], [117];
  • his responsibility for the Revolution, [560].
• Louis, Dauphin (Louis XVII), [145], [146], [156];
  • his death, [259].
• Louis XVIII. See [Provence, Comte de].
• Louisa, Queen, of Prussia, [535], [536].
• Loyal Associations, growth of, [86].
• Loyalty Loan, [305], [306].
• Lucchesini, Marquis di, Prussian Ambassador at Vienna, [203], [207].
• Lunéville, Treaty of, [470], [529].
• Lyons, fall of, [147], [151].

• Macartney, Earl, his embassy to Pekin, [32];
  • Governor of the Cape, [254], [255].
• MacBride, Admiral, [269] n.
• McCullum, of Manchester, trial of, [185].
• Macdonald, General, [376].
• Macdonald, Sir Archibald, Attorney-General, [172].
• Mack, General, [204];
  • his plan of campaign (1794), [205];
  • declines to serve under Coburg, [206];
  • surrenders at Ulm, [534], [537].
• Mackenzie, Sir Kenneth, [174].
• Mackintosh, Sir James, his "Vindiciae Gallicae," [16], [23].
• Macleod, General, M.P., [238].
• McNevin, William James, delegate of the United Irishmen in Paris, [346], [348];
  • arrested, [354], [394].
• Macqueen of Braxfield, Lord Justice Clerk, his trial of Muir, [176], [178], [179];
  • trial of Margarot and Gerrald, [183], [184].
• MacRitchie, W., his "Diary of a Tour through Great Britain in 1795," [265].
• Maestricht, the French demand a passage through, [82].
• Mainz, siege of, [130], [134], [136], [138], [200].
• Maitland, General, evacuates Hayti, [247], [248].
• Mallet du Pan, [6], [135], [338], [370].
• Malmesbury, Lord (Sir James Harris), furthers proposed union between Pitt and the Old Whigs, [36], [38];
  • on the opening of the Scheldt, [75];
  • his mission to Berlin, [200]–[202], [204];
  • makes treaty with Prussia, [206]–[208];
  • agreement with Hardenberg, [212];
  • goes to Brunswick, [214], [215];
  • his mission to Paris, [321];
  • negotiations at Lille, [323]–[326];
  • his statements controverted, [434], [445], [448], [465], [550] n.;
  • urges Pitt to action, [481];
  • mentioned, [90], [286], [497], [524] n., [537], [553], [559].
• Malouet, Baron Pierre Victor, his "Mémoires," [92], [93];
  • envoy from Hayti to England, [131], [221], [222], [239], [247] n.
• Malt, tax on, [30], [31], [450].
• Malta, Pitt's policy with regard to, [255], [277] n., [327], [468]–[470], [478], [480], [565];
  • the French in, [368], [369], [373], [387], [388];
  • Craig's expedition to, [525], [526];
  • Russian aims in, [526]–[527];
  • its value to England, [539].
• Manchester, Nonconformists in, [11];
  • political clubs founded, [12], [13], [17];
  • disorder in, [62].
• "Manchester Constitutional Society," [12], [168], [169], [185].
• Mann, Admiral, [243].
• Mansfield, Lord, death of, [303].
• Marengo, battle of, [386], [387].
• Maret, Hugues Bernard (afterwards Duc de Bassano), in London, [79], [83], [94] n., [101];
  • interviews with Pitt, [79]–[82], [84];
  • his letter to Miles, [105]–[107];
  • his alleged mission to London, [108]–[112], [117];
  • ordered to leave, [112];
  • on Chauvelin, [115] n.;
  • one of the plenipotentiaries at Lille, [323].
• Margarot, Maurice, [177], [181];
  • his trial and transportation, [182]–[184].
• Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples, [365], [368], [372], [376].
• Maria Luisa, of Parma, Queen of Spain, [230], [231], [237].
• Maria Theresa, 2nd wife of the Emperor Francis II, [199].
• Marie Antoinette, the flight to Varennes, [1], [4], [10];
  • her anger, [7];
  • her schemes, [7], [49], [85];
  • her execution, [141].
• Maritime Code, British, opposed by the Baltic powers, [388].
• Markoff, Russian minister, [122].
• Maroons, their atrocities in Jamaica, [237], [238].
• Marseilles, the Royalists in, [144]–[146].
• Martello towers, [512], [513].
• Martinique, failure of English attack on, [221];
  • capture of, [225];
  • to be ceded to France, [469].
• Masséna, André (Duc de Rivoli), [378], [386].
• Maubeuge, siege of, [141].
• Maulde, French envoy at The Hague, [76], [82], [83].
• Maxwell, Colonel, [360].
• Maxwell, Dr., of York, his order for daggers, [64], [65].
• Maxwell, James, of York, [64], [65].
• Maynooth College, founded, [343], [344].
• Mealmaker, author of "An address to the People," [178].
• Melas, Field-Marshal, [376].
• Melvill, [324]–[326].
• Melville, Lord. See [Dundas, Henry].
• Mercy d'Argenteau, Count, [4], [7], [8] n., [205].
• Merry, Antony, Secretary of legation at Madrid, [242].
• Merveldt, General Count, [205].
• Middleton, Sir Charles. See [Barham, Lord].
• Miles, William Augustus, British agent at Paris, [59], [60], [79], [84], [85], [93], [94], [99], [105], [106], [109]–[111].
• Militia, the, [509], [510].
• Militia Acts, [279].
• Milman, Dr., the King's physician, [506].
• Mingay of Norfolk, [188].
• Minto, Earl of (Sir Gilbert Elliot), his motion to repeal the Test Act in Scotland, [13], [14];
  • on Fox's conduct, [90];
  • commissioner at Dunkirk, [138]–[140];
  • commissioner at Toulon, [154], [156], [162];
  • Viceroy of Corsica, [244], [256]–[258];
  • Ambassador at Vienna, [380], [383], [384];
  • speech on the Union, [421].
• Mirabeau, Count, [2], [11], [42], [171].
• Miranda, General Francesco, [103], [106], [109];
  • ordered to prepare for invasion of Holland, [107];
  • defeated by Coburg, [126].
• Missouri River, British mercantile ports on, [244].
• Mitchell, Admiral, his successes against the Dutch, [381].
• Mitford, Sir John (afterwards Lord Redesdale), made Speaker, [439];
  • letter to Pitt, [485], [486].
• Moira, Earl of, [137], [158], [165], [209], [262], [268], [355], [497].
• Möllendorf, Marshal, [201], [207], [208], [212], [217].
• Monge, Gaspard, French Minister for the Navy, [58];
  • his circular letter, [101]–[103], [106].
• Montrose, Duke of, President of the Board of Trade, [501].
• Moore, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, [294], [302];
  • and Catholic Emancipation, [434], [437];
  • death of, [477].
• Moore, Sir John, on Abercromby, [240];
  • in the West Indies, [241];
  • in Corsica, [257], [274];
  • in Ireland, [361];
  • and the Volunteers, [492], [493], [510], [512], [547].
• More, Hannah, [335], [337].
• Moreau, General, [276], [376].
• "Morning Chronicle," the, [66], [178];
  • in the pay of the French Embassy, [66] n.;
  • prosecution of, [173].
• "Morning Post," the, [66].
• Mornington, Earl of. See [Wellesley, Marquis].
• Morris, Gouverneur, [96] n.;
  • on the state of France in 1795, [259].
• Moylan, Bishop, [417], [425] n.
• Muir, Thomas, [174], [175];
  • goes to Paris, [175];
  • his trial and sentence, [176], [179], [180];
  • at Sydney, [177];
  • his death, [177].
• Mulgrave, 1st Lord, [148].
• Mulgrave, Henry, 2nd Lord (afterwards Earl of Mulgrave), Chancellor of the Duchy, [501], [514];
  • Foreign Secretary, [517], [523], [527], [538], [542], [549], [550], [552], [556].
• Munro, British chargé-d'affaires in Paris, [64] n., [68].
• Münster, Treaty of (1648), [71], [76].
• Murphy, Father John, his barbarities in Wexford, [360]–[362];
  • hanged, [362].
• Murphy, Father Michael, [360];
  • killed, [361].
• Murray, Sir James, envoy at Frankfurt, [108], [122] n., [126] n.;
  • Chief of Staff to the Duke of York, [140], [220].

• Nagel, Dutch envoy in London, appeals for help, [77].
• Nantes, assault of, [136].
• Naples, compact with England, [123], [143], [150], [267], [268];
  • French conquest of, [372];
  • Nelson's vengeance on, [376];
  • makes peace with Bonaparte, [386];
  • [468].
• Napoleon Bonaparte, [119], [120], [570];
  • his "Souper de Beaucaire," [146];
  • at Toulon, [147], [148], [151], [159];
  • his Italian campaign, [243], [257], [258], [276], [304], [308], [321], [365];
  • his Eastern expedition, [244], [245], [255], [258], [276], [278], [328], [350], [356], [357], [363], [364], [430];
  • disperses the royalist rising in Paris (1795), [263];
  • peace of Campo Formio, [327];
  • at Dunkirk, [349];
  • First Consul, [383], [468]–[470], [478];
  • proposes terms of peace to Austria and England, [383], [568];
  • battle of Marengo, [386], [387];
  • dupes the Czar, [388];
  • renews peace negotiations, [468];
  • his conquests (1802), [478];
  • his behaviour to Whitworth, [485];
  • declares war on England, [487];
  • threatened invasion of England, [493], [510], [511];
  • his position in 1804, [505];
  • seizes Sir H. Rumbold, [515];
  • again proposes terms of peace, [516];
  • crowned King of Italy, [528];
  • annexes Genoa, [528], [529];
  • battle of Austerlitz, [544].
• National Debt, the (1792), [31];
  • (1801), [451].
• National Defence, [278]–[281].
• Navy, state of the (1793), [124];
  • causes of discontent in, [310];
  • mutinies at Spithead and the Nore, [310]–[320].
• Needham, General, [361].
• Neerwinden, battle of, [126], [127], [267].
• Nelson, Lord, in Corsica, [256];
  • on the position of Italy, [277];
  • at Cape St. Vincent, [276], [309];
  • battle of the Nile, [367]–[369];
  • at Naples, [372], [376];
  • battle of Copenhagen, [388], [450];
  • interview with Pitt, [533];
  • battle of Trafalgar, [534], [538], [565];
  • death of, [521], [538].
• Nepean, Sir Evan, on the Scottish prosecutions, [178];
  • Pitt at his house, [459];
  • Irish Secretary, [501], [519].
• Netherlands, Austrian, ceded to France, [327].
• Netherlands, Dutch. See [Dutch Republic].
• New Ross, fight at, [360], [361].
• New South Wales, [565].
• Nicholls, Mr., [330], [472].
• Nicols, General, [241].
• Nile, battle of the, [368], [369].
• Noël, French agent in London, [60], [69], [82], [89] n., [93], [94], [96].
• Nonconformists, position of, [10], [11];
  • no longer support Pitt, [12];
  • riots in Birmingham, [18].
• Nootka Sound dispute, the, [92], [154], [197], [235];
  • Convention, [232].
• Nore, the, mutiny at, [314]–[320].
• Norfolk, Duke of, his seditious speech, [333];
  • and Arthur O'Connor, [350].
• Norwich, Bishop of. See [Sutton, Charles Manners], [477].
• Norwich, Radical Clubs at, [168], [181], [186], [284].
• Novossiltzoff, Count, his mission to London, [516], [522], [525];
  • in Berlin, [528], [529].

• O'Brien, Sir Edward, [408].
• O'Coigly. See [Quigley].
• O'Connor, Arthur, [346], [350], [351], [394].
• O'Drusse, [325], [326].
• O'Finn, the brothers, [351].
• O'Hara, General, at Toulon, [153], [154], [156];
  • captured, [157].
• Orange, Prince of. See [William V].
• Orange, Wilhelmina, Princess of, [250].
• Orangemen, [344], [359];
  • oppose the Union, [425].
• Orde, Thomas (afterwards Lord Bolton), [39].
• Orleans, Duke of (Philippe Egalité), [59], [79].
• Otto, General, [208].
• Oubril, Count d', [540], [541].

• Pache, Jean Nicolas, French Minister of War, [83], [121].
• Paine, Thomas, his "Rights of Man," [14]–[16], [19]–[23], [25], [26], [50], [167];
  • intimate with Talleyrand, [51];
  • elected as deputy for Calais, [61];
  • circulation of his works, [167], [168], [175];
  • prosecution of, [172];
  • story of, [180].
• Palmer, T. F., transported for sedition, [178], [179].
• Paoli, Pascal, [150] n., [227], [256], [257].
• Paris, deputation of British residents to the National Convention, [71];
  • activity of Britons in, [175];
  • royalist rising in, [263].
• Parker, Vice-Admiral, [311].
• Parker, Richard, and the Mutiny at the Nore, [314], [315].
• Parker, Theresa, on the taxes of 1797, [329].
• Parliament, movement for Reform, [11], [12], [21], [23]–[28], [164], [171], [180], [181];
  • evolution of the Cabinet, [34];
  • growing power of the Prime Minister, [34];
  • election of 1796, [295].
• Parnell, Sir John, Irish Chancellor of the Exchequer, [341], [401], [411].
• Parsons, Sir L., [424].
• Parthenopean Republic, the, [372].
• Paterson, Chairman of the British Convention, [182].
• Patriotic Contribution, the (1797), [330], [331].
• Paul I, Czar, [258];
  • his indignation with France, [365], [366], [368], [369];
  • alliance with England, [373], [376];
  • breaks with Austria, [379];
  • joins England in the expedition against Holland, [380];
  • duped by Bonaparte, [388];
  • murdered, [388].
• Pays Bas. See [Belgic Provinces].
• Peel, Robert (senior), and the Patriotic Contribution, [331];
  • on the Union, [428].
• Peep o' Day Boys, [344].
• Pelham, Thomas (afterwards Earl of Chichester), Secretary to Earl Camden, [343];
  • Irish Chief Secretary, [359] n., [399];
  • on Pitt's pledge to the King, [448];
  • Home Secretary, [483], [484];
  • omitted from Pitt's ministry, [501].
• Perceval, Spencer, [466];
  • Attorney-General 501, [569].
• Perth, sedition in, [77], [174].
• Pétion, Jérôme, [58].
• Petty, Lord Henry, [520].
• Pichegru, General Charles, [162], [200], [215], [216], [377].
• Pilnitz, Declaration of, [5], [6].
• Pinckard, Dr., his account of the West India expedition, [226].
• Pitt, Lady Ann, marries Lord Grenville, [37].
• Pitt, Thomas, of Boccanoc. See [Camelford, Lord].
• Pitt, William, his neutrality towards the French Revolution, [3]–[5], [6], [8];
  • first private meeting with Burke, [7], [8];
  • distrusts Leopold II, [8];
  • opposes Nonconformist claims, [10]–[12], [24];
  • his opposition to Reform, [12], [23], [24], [26]–[28];
  • his finance, [30]–[32], [265], [304]–[309], [328]–[333], [369]–[371], [427], [450], [451];
  • sends Lord Macartney to China, [32];
  • insists on dismissal of Thurlow, [34];
  • rumour of his impending fall, [35];
  • negotiates for union with the Old Whigs, [35]–[39], [270];
  • made Warden of the Cinque Ports, [39], [89];
  • interview with Canning, [39]–[41];
  • his reception of Talleyrand, [43];
  • discussion of his policy, [46]–[48];
  • assertion of neutrality, [48], [50], [52], [61], [98];
  • cautious Polish policy, [55];
  • ignorant of events in France, [58];
  • life at Holwood and Walmer, [68];
  • foresees no danger, [69];
  • his concern at the November decrees, [72]–[74], [76];
  • his assurances to Holland, [74], [114];
  • considers war unavoidable, [76], [77];
  • interviews with Maret, [79]–[80], [84];
  • support of his policy not unanimous, [89], [90];
  • his firm attitude, [91];
  • Godoy's story of, [92], [93];
  • Lebrun's charges against, [95], [113], [117];
  • stiff reply to Chauvelin, [98], [99];
  • declaration of policy, [100];
  • his anger with Miles, [106];
  • difficulties of neutrality, [112]–[113];
  • faults of his policy, [114]–[116];
  • harsh treatment of Radical Clubs, [114]–[115];
  • his view of the war, [118]–[120], [219], [220];
  • his war policy (1793), [123], [129], [131], [132], [137], [139], [144], [145], [147];
  • his care for the navy, [124], [266];
  • ignorant of military affairs, [128];
  • his optimism, [131], [144], [151], [152];
  • demands removal of Coburg, [142];
  • Mediterranean policy, [143], [258];
  • his intentions at Toulon, [152], [154]–[156];
  • effect of Toulon on his policy, [162], [163];
  • his Traitorous Correspondence Bill, [164], [165];
  • altered attitude to Reform, [164], [171], [180];
  • policy of repression, [171], [183], [184], [190]–[194], [333];
  • speech on the Scottish prosecutions, [179], [180];
  • suspends the Habeas Corpus Act, [191];
  • mistaken as to affairs in France, [196], [197];
  • deprecates peace, [198];
  • war policy in 1794, [202], [204]–[217];
  • dilatoriness in ratifying Prussian Alliance, [208], [210], [269];
  • remonstrance to Prussian Ambassador, [212], [270];
  • insists on recall of the Duke of York, [215];
  • policy in the West Indies, [220] et seq.;
  • negotiations with Spain, [233];
  • makes treaty with Russia and Austria, [235];
  • speech on abolition of slavery, [238];
  • inclines towards peace, [242], [243], [257], [276], [287];
  • tries to avert war with Spain, [243], [244];
  • policy at the Cape, [254], [255];
  • attitude towards Corsica, [256]–[258];
  • relations with the émigrés, [259], [287];
  • the Quiberon expedition, [259]–[262];
  • policy as War Minister, see [Chap. XII];
  • changes in the Cabinet, [270]–[272];
  • national defence policy, [278]–[281];
  • agitation against him, [282]–[284], [288];
  • caricatures of, [282], [301], [335] n., [337];
  • his Sedition Bills, [285]–[287];
  • action with regard to shortage of corn, [289], [290];
  • institutes a Board of Agriculture, [293];
  • treatment of the Enclosures question, [295]–[297];
  • his Poor Bill (1797), [297], [298];
  • his relations with Miss Eden, [300]–[303];
  • his financial embarrassments, [302], [303], [473]–[477];
  • issues a "Loyalty Loan," [305], [306];
  • and the mutinies in the fleet, [312]–[320];
  • compared with Chatham, [320];
  • further efforts for peace, [321]–[326];
  • hostility to his new taxes (1797), [329], [330];
  • the "Patriotic Contribution," [330], [331];
  • his Land Tax proposals, [331]–[333];
  • his duel with Tierney, [334]–[336];
  • verses in the "Anti-Jacobin," [337];
  • Irish policy, see [Chaps. XVI], [XVIII], [XIX], [566];
  • sends a squadron to the Mediterranean, [366], [367];
  • his Income Tax, [370], [427];
  • his aims in Europe (1798), [371];
  • his policy towards Switzerland, [375];
  • the expedition to Holland, [379]–[383];
  • rejects Bonaparte's offers of peace, [383]–[385], [473];
  • on commercial union with Ireland, [389], [390];
  • his first reference to the Union, [393];
  • preparations for the Union, [396]–[410];
  • speeches on the Act of Union, [413]–[415], [426], [427];
  • his use of bribery in Ireland, [424], [429];
  • his proposal for Catholic Emancipation, [431];
  • opposition of the King, [433]–[439];
  • breaks down in health, [435];
  • his resignation, [439]–[446], [450];
  • his promises to the Catholics, [441], [442], [446];
  • gives a pledge to the King during his illness, [448], [449], [518];
  • breach with Auckland, [452];
  • personal characteristics, [454]–[459], [491];
  • his neglect of literature and art, [456];
  • his scholarship, [458];
  • his friendship with Wellesley and Canning, [459]–[466];
  • his creations of peers, [466]–[468];
  • supports Addington and the peace proposals (1801), [468]–[472], [478];
  • vote of thanks to him carried, [472];
  • at Walmer, [471], [473], [474], [477];
  • his interest in farming and gardening, [473], [474], [479], [491];
  • his private expenses, [474];
  • subscription for, [476], [477];
  • relations with Addington, [473], [477], [478], [480]–[482], [503], [504];
  • at Bath, [479];
  • negotiations with Dundas, [483], [484];
  • his terms for return to office, [485];
  • speech on the war with France (1803), [487], [488];
  • death of his mother, [488];
  • organizes the East Kent Volunteers, [489]–[494], [511], [512];
  • Lady Hester Stanhope at Walmer, [490]–[493];
  • refuses to join Grenville, [495], [496];
  • agrees to accept office, [497];
  • attack on Addington, [499];
  • forms a ministry, [500]–[502];
  • and the Slave Trade, [502], [503];
  • difficulties of his position, [503], [504];
  • declines Livingston's peace proposals, [505], [506];
  • remonstrates with the Princess of Wales, [508];
  • his measures for strengthening the army, [509], [511];
  • constructs the Hythe Military Canal, [512];
  • seizes Spanish treasure-ships, [514];
  • on the restoration of the French monarchy, [515];
  • rejects Napoleon's overtures, [516], [566];
  • forms a junction with Addington, [517];
  • opposes Fox's motion for Catholic Emancipation, [518], [519];
  • on the impeachment of Lord Melville, [519]–[521];
  • his foreign policy (1805), [523]–[525];
  • negotiations with Russia, [525]–[529];
  • final parting with Addington, [530];
  • fails to form a national administration, [530];
  • multiplicity of his cares, [530], [531];
  • interview with Nelson, [533];
  • receives the news of Ulm, [537], [538];
  • his speech at the Lord Mayor's banquet (1805), [538];
  • his magnanimous offers to Prussia, [538], [539];
  • his foresight in South Africa, [539];
  • rejects Prussia's demand for Hanover, [541], [542];
  • correspondence with Harrowby, [541]–[547];
  • goes back to Bath, [547];
  • story of his reception of the news of Austerlitz, [548], [549];
  • returns home, [553], [554];
  • last days and death, [554]–[558];
  • opposition to his burial in the Abbey, [559];
  • summary of his career and character, [560]–[570].
• Place, Francis, [283], [284], [286], [349], [350].
• Pléville, Admiral, [323].
• Plunket, William C. (afterwards Baron), [399], [404], [411].
• Plymouth, fortification of, [124].
• Pocket Boroughs, in Ireland, disfranchised, [428].
• Poland, new Constitution in, [7], [52];
  • Russian designs on, [9], [46], [52];
  • scheme of partition of, [53], [129];
  • Russian invasion of, [53]–[56];
  • Prussian invasion of, [122];
  • rising in, [206];
  • third Partition of, [218].
• Polastron, Mme., [263].
• Pondicherry, [198].
• Ponsonby, George, [521], [559].
• Ponsonby, George, and William (afterwards Baron), Fitzwilliam's overtures to, [339]–[342];
  • [402].
• Poor Bill, Pitt's (1797), withdrawn, [298], [568].
• Portland, Duke of, proposed coalitions with Pitt, [35]–[38], [191], [208], [270];
  • Canning and, [39];
  • refuses to break with Fox, [89], [90];
  • Home Secretary, [191], [244]–[247], [257], [258], [271], [285], [316], [322], [339], [341], [342], [359], [398], [404], [407], [421], [440], [446], [483];
  • censures Abercromby, [353], [354];
  • his letters to Shelburne on the Irish settlement of 1782, [422];
  • Lord President, [501].
• Porto Rico, failure of attack on, [246].
• Portsmouth, fortification of, [124].
• Portugal, Spanish designs on, [233], [234], [244];
  • loan to, [309];
  • defended by England, [386], [387], [468], [469];
  • pays an annual subsidy to France, [513].
• Potsdam, Treaty of (1805), [539], [540].
• Press-gang, the, [166].
• Pretyman, Dr. See [Tomline, Bishop].
• Price, Dr., his sermon in the Old Jewry, [12] n.;
  • his death, [17].
• Priestley, Dr., [10], [12], [16] n.;
  • his sermon on the death of Dr. Price, [17];
  • his chapel and house wrecked, [18].
• Pringle, Admiral, his opinion of Cape Town, [254].
• Prosperous, affair at, [357], [358].
• Protestants, the, in Ireland, [394], [396], [397], [400], [430];
  • their hostility to the Union, [408], [417], [423].
• Provence, Comte de (afterwards Louis XVIII), [2], [129], [259];
  • refused permission to go to Toulon, [155];
  • at the Russian headquarters, [377].
• Prussia, alliance with Austria, [5];
  • renounces alliance with Turkey, [5] n.;
  • declares war against France, [52];
  • her betrayal of Poland, [52], [53], [129];
  • invades Poland, [122], [123];
  • compact with England (1793), [123];
  • her disputes with Austria, [200]–[202];
  • state of her finances, [201];
  • English proposals to, [202], [203];
  • treaty with England (1794), [207], [269];
  • her breach of faith, [212];
  • treaty with France (1795), [217], [218], [233];
  • attitude of, in 1799, [374], [380];
  • her conduct with regard to Hanover, [535]–[537], [540], [541], [552], [553], [556], [560].
  • See [Frederick William II] and [Frederick William III.]
• Puisaye, Comte de, Breton leader, [260]–[263], [274].
• Pulteney, Sir James, failure of his attack on Ferrol, [386].
• Pulteney, Sir William, [174];
  • opposes the taxes of 1797, [329].
• Putney, Bowling Green House, [554]–[557].

• Quesnoy, siege of, [138], [141];
  • surrendered, [210].
• Quiberon Expedition, the, [227], [239], [259]–[262], [274];
  • failure of landing at (1800), [385].
• Quigley (O'Coigly), hanged for treason, [350], [354].

• Radical, use of the term, [1] n., [10], [23].
• Rastatt, Congress of, [365], [374].
• Redesdale, Lord. See [Mitford, Sir John].
• Reeves, John, founder of the "Anti-Levelling Society," [68].
• Reform, influence of the French Revolution on, in England, [11];
  • Flood's motion for, [11], [12];
  • Hardy's efforts for, [21];
  • Pitt's opposition to, [23]–[28], [164], [171], [180];
  • change of aims, [171], [180].
• Regency, threatened, [497].
• Reichenbach, Conference of, [3];
  • Convention of, [48].
• Reinhard, [108], [346].
• Reuss, Prince, Austrian envoy at Berlin, [43].
• Rewbell, Jean François, [325].
• Reynolds, Dr., [554].
• Reynolds, Sir Joshua, Pitt's neglect of, [456].
• Richmond, Duke of, his charge against Paine, [50];
  • Master-General of the Ordnance, [124], [130], [131];
  • his incompetence, [137], [140];
  • his Reform plan, [168], [179], [192];
  • resigns, [273].
• Richter, arrested, [190].
• Rivoli, battle of, [308].
• Robespierre, François Maximilien Joseph Isidore, [42], [116], [180];
  • his fall, [192], [212].
• Rochester, Bishop of. See [Horsley, Samuel].
• Roer, River, [126], [213].
• Roland, J. Marie, French Minister of Home Affairs, [45], [58], [167].
• Roland, Mme., [59], [86].
• Rolle, Baron, French royalist agent, [5].
• Rom, General, goes to San Domingo, [241].
• Romilly, Sir Samuel, [61], [487] n., [488], [569].
• Romney, Lord, [331].
• Romney, George, [167].
• Rose, George, Secretary to the Treasury, [6], [38], [119] n., [395], [448], [450];
  • resigns, [451], [465];
  • [473], [475], [476], [479]–[482], [496], [530], [554];
  • Paymaster of the Forces, [501], [517].
• Rousseau, Jean Jacques, [72], [114], [197].
• Roussillon, Spanish campaign in, [197].
• Rowan, Hamilton, [180], [402].
• Rumbold, Sir Horace, Ambassador at Hamburg, seized by Napoleon, [515].
• Russell, Lord William, [294], [422].
• Russia, her designs on Poland, [9], [46], [122], [123], [129];
  • peace with Turkey, [29], [52];
  • treaties with England, [123], [235], [373], [376], [529];
  • successes in Italy, [376];
  • failure of campaign in Switzerland, [378], [379];
  • Dutch campaign, [379]–[383];
  • rupture with England, [388];
  • understanding with England, [508], [515];
  • compact with Austria (1804), [516];
  • treaty of Potsdam, [539].
  • See [Catharine II], [Paul I], and [Alexander I.]
• Rutland, Duke of, [456].
• Ryan, James, [442], [518], [519].
• Ryder, Dudley. See [Harrowby, Earl of].