Travis (Henry), Dr., b. Scarborough, 1807. He interested himself in the socialistic aspect of co-operation, and became a friend and literary executor to Robert Owen. In ’51–53 he edited Robert Owen’s Journal. He also wrote on Effectual Reform, Free Will and Law, Moral Freedom and Causation, and A Manual of Social Science, and contributed to the National Reformer. Died 4 Feb. 1884.
Trelawny (Edward John), b. Cornwall, Nov. 1792. Became intimate in Italy with Shelley, whose body he recovered and cremated in August, 1822. He accompanied Byron on his Greek expedition, and married a daughter of a Greek chief. He wrote Adventures of a Younger Son, ’31; and Records of Shelley, Byron, and the Author, ’78. He died 13 Aug. 1881, and was cremated at Gotha, his ashes being afterwards placed beside those of Shelley. Trelawny was a vehement Pagan despising the creeds and conventions of society. Swinburne calls him “World-wide liberty’s lifelong lover.”
Trenchard (John), English Deist and political writer, b. Somersetshire, 1669. He studied law, but abandoned it, and was appointed Commissioner of Forfeited Estates in Ireland. In conjunction with Gordon he wrote Cato’s Letters on civil and religious liberty, and conducted The Independent Whig. He sat in the House of Commons as M.P. for Taunton; he also wrote the Natural History of Superstition, 1709; but La Contagion Sacree, attributed to him, is really by d’Holbach. Died 17 Dec. 1723.
Trevelyan (Arthur), of Tyneholm, Tranent, N.B., a writer in the Reasoner and National Reformer. Published The Insanity of Mankind (Edinburgh, 1850), and some tracts. He was a Vice-President of the National Secular Society. Died at Tyneholm, 6 Feb. 1878.
Trezza (Gaetano), Italian writer, b. Verona, Dec. 1828. Was brought up and ordained a priest, and was an eloquent preacher. Study led him to resign the clerical profession. He has published Confessions of a Sceptic, ’78; Critical Studies, ’78; New Critical Studies, ’81. He is Professor of Literature at the Institute of High Studies, Florence. To the first number of the Revue Internationale ’83, he contributed Les Dieux s’en vont. He also wrote Religion and Religions, ’84; and a work on St. Paul. A study on Lucretius has reached its third edition, ’87.
Tridon (Edme Marie, Gustave), French publicist, b. Chatillon sur Seine, Burgundy, 5 June, 1841. Educated by his parents who were rich, he became a doctor of law but never practised. In ’64 he published in Le Journal des Ecoles, his remarkable study of revolutionary history Les Hébertistes. In May, ’65 he founded with Blanqui, etc., Le Candide, the precursor of La Libre Pensée, ’66, in both of which the doctrines of materialism were expounded. Delegated in ’65 to the International Students Congress at Liége his speech was furiously denounced by Bishop Dupanloup; he got more than two years’ imprisonment for articles in Le Candide and La Libre Pensée, and in Ste Pelagie contracted the malady which killed him. While in prison he wrote the greater part of his work Du Molochisme Juif, critical and philosophical studies of the Jewish religion, only published in ’84. After 4 Sept. ’70, he founded La Patrie en Danger. In Feb. ’71 he was elected deputy to the Bordeaux Assembly, but resigned after voting against declaration of peace. He then became a member of the Paris Commune, retiring after the collapse to Brussels where he died 29 Aug. 1871. He received the most splendid Freethinker’s funeral witnessed in Belgium.
Truebner (Nicolas), publisher, b. Heidelberg, 17 June, 1817. After serving with Longman and Co., he set up in business, and distinguished himself by publishing works on Freethought, religions, philosophy and Oriental literature. Died London, 30 March, 1884.
Truelove (Edward), English publisher, b. 29 Oct. 1809. Early in life he embraced the views of Robert Owen, and for nine years was secretary of the John Street Institution. In ’44 and ’45 he threw in his lot with the New Harmony Community, Hampshire. In ’52 he took a shop in the Strand, where he sold advanced literature. He published Voltaire’s Philosophical Dictionary and Romances, Paine’s complete works, D’Holbach’s System of Nature, and Taylor’s Syntagma and Diegesis. In ’58 he was prosecuted for publishing a pamphlet on Tyrannicide, by W. E. Adams, but the prosecution was abandoned. In ’78 he was, after two trials, sentenced to four months’ imprisonment for publishing R. D. Owen’s Moral Physiology. Upon his release he was presented with a testimonial and purse of 200 sovereigns.
Trumbull (Matthew M.), American general, a native of London, b. 1826. About the age of twenty he went to America, served in the army in Mexico, and afterwards in the Civil War. General Grant made him Collector of Revenue for Iowa. He held that office eight years, and then visited England. In 1882 he went to Chicago, where he exerted himself on behalf of a fair trial for the Anarchists.
Tschirnhausen (Walthier Ehrenfried), German Count, b. 1651. He was a friend of Leibniz and Wolff, and in philosophy a follower of Spinoza, though he does not mention him. Died 1708.