Years. England. Scotland. Ireland. Total.
miles milesmiles miles
Under Act of 1845 78¼ ..92 170¼
” 1846774½ .... 774½
” 1847 96¼ .... 96¼
” 1848 20¾ 32.. 52¾
” 1852 86½ .... 86½
” 1862 3¼ .... 3¼
” 186474 .... 74
” 186534 .... 34
” 1866 15¼ .... 15¼
” 1867.. 53.. 53
” 187050 .... 50
” 187217 .... 17
” 1882 9¾ .... 9¾
Total1259½ 8592 1436½

V.
THE PRINCIPAL RIVER SYSTEMS OF EUROPE
AND THE UNITED STATES.

The actual and direct lengths of all the principal rivers in Europe, with the areas of their basins and the principal towns on which they are situated, are shown in the following tabular statement. The European river basins are inclined to the Arctic Ocean, to the Atlantic and North Sea, to the Baltic, to the North Sea, to the Mediterranean, to the Black Sea, or to the Caspian.

The remarkable differences between the total length of the basins and their direct length will be noted. The Danube, for example, is, in actual length, nearly double its direct length; and so also with the Don, the Salembria, the Charente, the Rhone, the Po, and others; while the Volga is more than twice its direct length, and the Ural more than three times as much.

The Volga, with a total length of 2400 miles is the longest river in Europe, but its direct length of 1080 miles is but little superior to that of the Danube with a length of 980 miles. Twenty-one basins in all incline to the Atlantic, five to the Arctic Ocean, thirteen to the Baltic, eight to the North Sea, thirteen to the Mediterranean, three to the Caspian, and five to the Black Sea. The enormous length of the basins inclining to the two latter seas, makes their aggregate mileage and area drained larger than those of any other.

RIVER BASINS OF EUROPE.
River or Estuary.Length
in
English
Miles.		 Direct Length
of Basin in
English
Miles.		Area of
Basin in
Square
Miles.		  Capital of States
  and Provinces
  in each Basin.

Basins inclined to the Arctic Ocean.
Petchora900 520114,400
Mezen400 30030,100
Dwina700 500134,400 Archangel.
Onega300 25021,000
Alten Fiord150 80.. Altengard.

Basins inclined to the Baltic.
L. Mälar170 130.. Stockholm.
Dal250 200
Angerman150 120.. Hernösand.
Umea250 220
Neva, and Gulf625 50099,700 St. Petersburg and
 of Finland  Helsingfors.
Düna400 30034,700 Riga.
Niemen400 27035,700 Erodno and Wilna.
Pregel120 120 6,800 Königsberg.
Vistula530 36072,300 Warsaw, Lemberg.
Oder445 36045,200 Stettin, Breslau.
Stör 95 55.. Schwerin.
Trave 50 40.. Lübeck.
Schleifiord 25 20.. Schleswig.

Basins inclined to the North Sea.
Lymfiord100 90 500 Aalborg.
Elbe550 42055,000 Hamburg, Gotha, Weimar.
Weser230 25017,700 Bremen, Brunswick.
Ems160 130.. Münster.
Rhine600 40075,000 Bern, Cologne, Amsterdam.
Scheldt210 120.. Antwerp, Brussels.
Meuse580 230.. Liége, Namur.
Hunse 50 40.. Gröningen.
Vecht 90 60.. Zwoll.

Basins inclined to the Atlantic.
Trondhjem Fiord100 60.. Trondhjem.
Torrisdals120 100.. Christiansand.
Christiania Fiord 60 55.. Christiania.
Gotha400 30017,000 Goteborg.
Loire530 35044,500 Tours, Orleans.
Seine414 25028,500 Paris, Rouen.
Garonne300 23031,000 Bordeaux, Toulouse.
Somme115 90.. Amiens.
Charente200 110.. Rochelle.
Vilaine125 80.. Rennes.
Douro450 34034,200 Oporto.
Tagus540 45033,000 Lisbon, Madrid.
Guadalquiver300 27019,500 Seville, Granada.
Minho220 15014,700
Sado100 70.. Evora.
Also the basins of the Adour, the Nervion, the Ria d’Este, the Ulla,
the Nalon, the Guadiana, and the Mondego.

Basins inclined to the Mediterranean.
Rhone645 34037,900 Lyons, Grenoble.
Segura180 120.. Murcia.
Po450 28034,600 Turin, Milan.
Tiber185 130.. Rome.
Arno 90 75.. Florence.
Vardar170 125.. Salonika.
Salembria110 65.. Larissa.
Ebro340 28032,900 Zaragoza.
Also the basins of the Guadalaviar, Dobregat, Narenta,
Bojano, and Maritza.

Basins inclined to the Black Sea.
Danube1,795 980306,000 Vienna, Buda, Gräz,
 and Munich.
Don995 500176,500 Stavropol, Kharkos.
Dneister500 400 27,300 Kamilnetz.
Dnieper and Bug.. 640195,500 Kiev, Ekaterinoslav.
Kuban380 280.. Ekaterinodar.

Basins inclined to the Caspian.
Volga2,400 1,080 527,000 Astrakhan, Nijni-Novgorod.
Ural1,800 550 85,000 Orenburg.
Kur520 400 80,800 Tiflis, Erivan.
RIVER BASINS OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA.
River or Estuary.Length
in
English
Miles.		Area in
Geographical
Square
Miles.		 Principal Towns
on the Rivers.

Basins inclined to the Atlantic.
St. Lawrence 1,400 297,600 Ottawa.
Delaware 290 8,700 Trenton.
Chesapeake 450 12,000 Washington.
Hudson 210 7,000 Albany.
Connecticut 280 8,000 Hartford.

Basins inclined to the American Mediterranean.
Mississippi 1,820 982,400 New Orleans, Nashville.
Rio Grande del Norte 1,050 180,000 Santa Fé.
Colorado 900.. Denver, Cheyene.
Santandar 245 10,000 San Luis, Potosi.
San Juan 275 8,000 Leon.
Tobosco 245 12,000 Ciudad Real.

Basins inclined to the Pacific.
Rio Colorado 750170,000 Tucson.
Columbia 800194,000 Salem.
Frazer 480 90,000 New Westminster.
Sacramento 350 20,000 Sacramento.
Culiacan 280 7,000 Culiacan.
Youcon 1,150 100,000

Basins inclined to the Arctic Ocean.
Mackenzie 1,200 441,000
Nelson and 1,000 360,000 Fort York.
  Saskatchewan
Churchill 1,300 73,600
Back, or G. Fish 420
SOUTH AMERICAN RIVERS.
Basin.Length
in
English
Miles.		Area in
Geographical
Square
Miles.		  Chief Towns.
Magdalena 700 72,000 Bogota.
Amazon 2,100 1,512,000 Santa Cruz.
Paraná 1,600 886,400 Monte Video and Buenos Ayres.
San Francisco  900187,200 Duro-Preto.
Tocantins 1,260 294,480 Pará.
Essequibo 400 61,650 George Town.
Orinoco 1,000 252,000 Angostura.
NAMES AND AREA OF LAKES IN
THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA.
NameArea in
Square
Miles.		  Height above
  Sea-level.
feet.
Ontario 6,300 231
Erie 9,600 565
Huron21,000 578
Michigan22,400 578
Superior32,000 627
Winnipeg 9,000 628
Winnipegoos 2,300 650
Great Bear Lake14,000 230
Great Slave Lake12,000 ..
Athabasca 3,400 ..
Great Salt Lake 1,800 4,210
Total area 133,800