[60] “Contributions to the Knowledge of the Development of the Gonidia of Lichens.” By J. Braxton Hicks, M.D., “Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,” vol. viii., 860, p. 239.
[61] Berkeley’s “Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany,” 1857.
[62] For more detailed information on the structure and classification of unicellular plants, and cryptogams, the reader is referred to Ralfs’ “British Desmidaceæ”; Smith’s “British Diatomaceæ”; Goebel’s “Outlines of Classification and Special Morphology”; Berkeley’s “Cryptogamic Botany”; De Bary’s “Comparative Anatomy of the Phaneragams and Ferns”; Professor Marshall Ward’s “Sach’s Physiology of Plants,” and numerous memoirs on Fungi; and Bower and Sidney Vine’s “Course of Practical Instruction in Botany,” a most instructive book on the histology of plants.
[63] “A Manual of the Infusoria,” by W. Saville Kent, F.L.S., &c., 1880.
[64] “Journal of the Linn. Society,” vol. viii., p. 202; vol. ix., p. 147, 1865 and 1866.
[65] Among the more important works on Foraminifera for consultation will be found D’Orbigny’s “Foraminiferes Fossiles du Bassin Tertiaire de Vienne” (Autriche); Schultze, “Ueber den Organismus der Polythalamien,” 1854; Carpenter and Williamson’s “Researches on the Foraminifera,” “Phil. Trans. 1856;” Parker and Rupert-Jones in the “Annals of Natural History.” Specimens of Foraminifera may be obtained by shaking dried sponges; but if required alive they must be dredged for, or picked off the fronds of living seaweeds, over the surface of which they are, by the aid of a lens, seen to move.
[66] W. Saville Kent, F.L.S., Op. Cit., p. 335.
[67] Difficulties formerly associated with the microscopic examination of flagellate forms of infusorial life have been overcome by improvements in the objectives, by the knowledge gained of the monad groups, and by the exhaustive researches of Drs. Drysdale and Dallinger, whose joint investigations were published in the Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, 1873-75. By employing the highest and most perfectly constructed powers of the microscope, and devoting an enormous amount of time and attention to unravelling mysteries so long associated with the production of the lowly organised flagellate organisms, monads, and patiently watching hour by hour, the life-history of numerous species of these minute infusorial animalcules were obtained. Not only was it discovered that these organisms increased indefinitely by fission, but that under certain conditions two or more individuals were united into encystments, and whose contents broke up into a greater or less number of spore-like bodies, were speedily developed into the parent type. In the examination of these minute bodies, it has been found that talc-films, that is, talc split into extremely fine laminæ, offer the best kind of cover, in fact, supersede ordinary glass covers, and possess an advantage, that of bending readily, thus permitting the objective to be brought close down upon the object.
[68] R. Kirkpatrick, Warne, Op. Cit., pp. 532-3.
[69] Saville Kent, op. cit., p. 191.