POLARISCOPE OBJECTS.
Fig. 158. New Red Sandstone—159. Quartz—163. Granite—161. Sulph. Copper—162. Saliginine—163. Sulph. Iron and Cobalt, crystallized in the way described by Thomas—164. Borax—165. Sulph. Nickel and Potash—166. Kreatine—167. Starch granules—168. Aspartic Acid—169. Fibro-cells, orchid.—170. Equisetum cuticle—171. Holothuria spicula, Australia—172. Holothuria spicula, Port Essington—173. Deutzia scabra; upper and under surface—174. Cat’s tongue, process—175. Prawn shell, exuvia with crystals of lime—176. Grayling scale—177. Scyllium caniculum scale—178. Rhinoceros horn, transverse section—179. Horse hoof—180. Dytiscus, elytra with crystals of lime.
[PLATE IX.—Page 362].
TYPICAL PLATE OF BACTERIA AND SCHIZOMYCETES.
Fig. 1. Cocci, singly, and varying in size—2. Cocci in chains or rosaries (streptococcus)—3. Cocci in a mass (staphylococcus)—4 and 5. Cocci in pairs (diplococcus)—6. Cocci in groups of four (merismopedia)—7. Cocci in packets (sarcina)—8. Bacterium termo—9. Bacterium termo × 4000 (Dallinger and Drysdale)—10. Bacterium septicæmiæ hæmorrhagicæ—11. Bacterium pneumoniæ crouposæ—12. Bacillus subtilis—13. Bacillus murisepticus—14. Bacillus diphtheriæ—15. Bacillus typhosus (Eberth)—16. Spirillum undula (Cohn)—17. Spirillum volutans (Cohn)—18. Spirillum choleræ Asiaticæ—19. Spirillum Obermeieri (Koch)—20. Spirochæta plicatilis (Flügge)—21. Vibrio rugula (Prazmowski)—22. Cladothrix Försteri (Cohn)—23. Cladothrix dichotoma (Cohn)—24. Monas Okenii (Cohn)—25. Monas Warmingii (Cohn)—26. Rhabdomonas rosea (Cohn)—27. Spore-formation of Bacillus alvei—28. Spore-formation (Bacillus anthracis)—29. Spore-formation in bacilli cultivated from rotten melon (Fränkel and Pfeiffer)—30. Spore-formation in bacilli cultivated from earth (Fränkel and Pfeiffer)—31. Involution-form of Crenothrix (Zopf)—32. Involution-forms of Vibrio serpens (Warming)—33. Involution-forms of Vibrio rugula (Warming)—34. Involution-forms of Clostridium polymyxa (Prazmowski)—35. Involution-forms of Spirillum choleræ Asiaticæ—36. Involution-forms of Bacterium aceti (Zopf and Hansen)—37. Spirulina-form of Beggiatoa alba (Zopf)—38. Various thread-forms of Bacterium merismopedioides (Zopf)—39. False-branching of Cladothrix (Zopf).
[PLATE X.—Page 420].
DESMIDIACEÆ.
Fig. 1. Euastrum oblongum—2. Micrasterias rotata—3. Desmidium quadrangulatum—4. Didymoprium Grevillii—5. Micrasterias, sporangium of—6. Didymoprium Borreri—7. Cosmarium Ralfsii—8, 9. Xanthidiæ—10. X. armatum—11. Cosmarium crenatum—12. C. Sphærozosma vertebratum—13, 17. Sporangia of Cosmarium—14. X. fasiculatum—18. Staurastrum hirsutum—19. Arthrodesmus convergens—15. Staurastrum tumidum—16. Staurastrum dilitatum—21. Penium—22. Euastrum Didelta—23. Docidium clavatum—24. Pediastrum biradiatum—25. Closterium, showing conjugation or self-division—26. Volvox, parent cell about to break up—27. Penium Jennerii—28. Aptogonum desmidium—29. Pediastrum pertusum—30. Ankistrodesmus falcatus—31. Parent cell of Closterium—32. Staurastrum gracilis.—33. Conjugation of Penium margaritaceum—34. Spirotænia—35. Closterium