The Battle with the Slum

by Jacob A. Riis

"Cadets," Tammany organization, [74].
Capmaker, Polish, home in Stanton Street tenement, [76]-80.
Cat Alley—
Barney, [333]-339.
Charity of the Alley, [322]-325.
Children of the Alley, [330]-331.
Cosmopolitan population, [314]-316.
Dago eviction, [314].
Deaths and funerals, [325]-330.
Demolition, [337]-340.
Description and occupation, [312]-313.
"Fat One," [326], [329].
French couple, [315]-316.
Irish population, [314], [316]-320.
Marriages, early, and second marriages, [325].
Mott Street scrap, [320]-322.
Name, mystery as to origin, [312].
Tragedy averted, [323].
Trilby, [331]-333.
Walsh, Mrs., funeral, [329]-330.
Widows, [325]-326.
Catherine Street, condition before destruction, [119].
Cellars, Park Street, [20].
Census—
Death-rate, see that [title].
School census, [349].
Charity of the poor, instances of, [216]-222, [322]-225, [445].
Charity Organization Society, tenement reform movement, [143], [147].
Chicago—
Church, basement dwellers in neighborhood of, [181].
Hull House kindergarten, harvest picture incident, [365].
Parks, [410].
Playground, [304]-305, [439].
School excursions, [362].
Slums, outlook, [17].
Child labor, East Side, [43]-44, [185], [186].
Children—
Boys, see that [title].
Cat Alley, [330]-331.
Clubs, see that [title].
Increase of child crime, [225], [240]-242.
Landlords of tenements, Greenwood story, [96].
Neglect of, [225]-226, [233].
Schools, see that [title].
Tagging lost children proposed, [92].
Tenements as "infant slaughter houses," [37].
Children's Aid Society—
Report as to condition and neglect of children, [225].
Rescue of boys, [245].
Cholera panic, 1866, [4], [29].
Christmas trees—
Armenian, contribution of poor children, [218].
Gotham Court, [311].
Santa Claus in the slums, [94], [310]-311.
Church Federation, Fifteenth Assembly District—
Baths, investigation, [281].
Educational agencies and saloons, [129]-130, [292].
Churches—
Movement up-town, [232].
Neglect of the young, [232].
Reform movement attitude, [399], [435]-437.
Citizens' council of hygiene, report 1866, [19].
City and Suburban Homes Company—
Erection of model tenements, [129]-137.
Homewood plan, [137]-138.
Management, [136].
City History Club, work of, [379].
Cleaning the streets, Colonel Waring's work, [45]-46, [268]-272, [415].
Clubs—
Buck, Miss W., work of, [373], [383].
East Side boys' demand for club room, [372].
Gangs, see that [title].
Good Government Clubs, see that [title].
Jackson Pleasure Club, School No. 160, [374]-377.
Meeting, management of Miss W. Buck, [373].
People's Club, work of, [381].
Saloon room, [372].
School classroom plan, [372]-374.
Willard, D., work of, [378]-379.
College settlement, see [University settlement].
Colored people, see [Negroes].
Committee of Fifteen, evidence of Tammany corruption, [74].
Consumers' League, work of, [196]-201.
Convalescents' home, gift for, [396].
Cooking classes, advantages of, [367]-368.
Cooper Institute, educational work, [380].
Cottages, Homewood plan, [137]-138.
Crime—
Boys, see that [title].
Child crime, increase of, [225], [240]-242.
Gangs, see that [title].
Italian criminals discovered in Mulberry Street, [204]-205.
Lodging houses as "nurseries of crime," [54], [156].
"Weakness not wickedness," reformatory verdict, [244].
[See also [Murders] and [Robberies].]
Croker, R.—
Abdication, [75].
Election of 1900, [73].
[See also [Tammany].]
Crotona Park athletic meets, [366].
Crowding, see [Overcrowding].
"Cruller fire," tenement house, [88].
Cutting, R. F., erection of homes for working people, [129].

Dalmatia, immigration from, [202].
Dancing, school roof playgrounds, [392]-793.
Death-rates—
Berlin, [124].
Double-deckers, lowest mortality, [114]-115.
First Ward, [116].
Five Points "dens of death," [16].
Heat of summer 1896, power of resistance, [125]-126.
Mott Street barracks, [123].
Rear tenants scandal, [115].
Reduction, council of hygiene's judgment, [19].
Reform effects on, [125]-126.
Deaths in Cat Alley, [325]-330.
Death's Thoroughfare, Old Church tenements, [16].
Democratic government imperilled by existence of slum, [6].
Demolition of dangerous property, [114], [116]-125, [140], [272]-280, [310]-311, [337]-340.
"Dens of Death," [14], [16], [20].
Destitution encouraged by free lunch, lodging, etc., [170], [172].
Destruction of property, see [Demolition].
Devil's money—campaign against Tammany, 1901, [63]-75.
"Discretion" clause, tenement building, [88], [105], [107], [148].
Disease—disclosures of Tenement House Exhibition, 1900, [143]-147.
Dispossessed tenants, rehousing, [286]-287.
Doctor, woman doctor, Dr. J. E. Robbins, [205]-206.
Dog, Trilby of Cat Alley, [331]-333.
Double-deckers—
Cause of overcrowding, [102].
Description and condemnation by Tenement House Commission, [102]-103.
Doom of, [82]-85, [148], [149].
Elizabeth Street, midnight inspection, [99]-102.
Mortality rate, lowest, [114]-115.
Solid block, [105].
Drunkards and slum homes, [23].
"Druv into decency," [113]-114.
Dwellings of the poor, see [Tenements].

Eagle, Ellis Island, [202]-204.
East River barge, winter lodgings, 1896, [170]-172.
East River Park, sacred grass, [301].
Education, see [Schools].
Education Board, work of, [365]-366.
Educational Alliance—
Roof garden, [388].
Work among Jews, [382].
Eldridge Street tenement, unlighted halls, [91]-92.
Eleventh Ward, overcrowding statistics, [82].
Elizabeth Street—
Giant, [331].
Midnight inspection of tenements, [99]-102.
Sewing "pants" at thirty cents a day, [183].
Elliot, Dr., subscriptions for guild house, [402].
Ellis Island eagle, [202]-204.
Elsing, Mr., children of Sunday-school, contribution to Armenian Christmas tree, [218].
Emigration, see [Immigration].
Enforcement of the law, necessity of, [47], [223], [235], [415], [418].
Essex Street, attempt to establish park, [294].
Excursions, Mr. Schwab's proposition, [405]-406.
Exhibition, tenement house, 1900, effect of, [143]-147.
Experimenting with the school, [403]-410.
Eyes inspection, public school children, [358]-359.

Factory tenements, disapproval of, [134].
Farming—
Farm colony for young vagrants, [127], [172], [350].
Jewish farming abilities, [215].
Truck farming on site of Stryker's Hill, [366].
Fat boiling in tenements, cause of fires, [88].
"Fat One" of Cat Alley, [326], [329].
Federal Government slum inquiry, [61], [97], [175].
Fifteenth Assembly District, see [Church Federation].
Fire-engine horses, fate of, [425].
Fires in tenement houses—
Air-shaft, danger of, [93].
"Cruller fire," [88].
Non-enforcement of law as to fireproof material, [87]-89.
First Ward death-rate, [116].
Five Points—
Mortality rate, [16].
Wiping out in 1850, Wisconsin farmer's work, [14].
Flag, flying, value of, [209]-211.
Foreign population—
Child labor and education, [185]-186.
Italians, see that [title].
Jews, see that [title].
Proportion, [175]-176.
Forest, R. W. de, chairman of Tenement House Commission of 1900, [147].
Forsyth Street tragedies, [86].
Foster, R., fight with tenement landlords, [124].
Fourth Ward, examination of girls' school, [355]-357.
Fourth Ward slum, [16].
Fraunces' Tavern, historical association, [380].
Free lunch, lodging, etc., vagrancy encouraged by, [170], [172].
French couple, Cat Alley, [315]-316.
"Frills," Hester Street roof playground, [342], [359], [360], [403].
Funerals—
Cat Alley, [329]-330.
Slum interest and excitement, [109].

Gambling, characteristic of Italian immigrant, [186].
Gangs—
Battle Row, Easter service, [251]-252.
College settlement work, success of, [248]-249.
Genesis of, environment of boy's career, [235]-247.
Hook gang, [288].
Long Island story, [250].
Whyó gang headquarters, [272], [308].
Women's work and success, [251].
[See also [Boys].]
Gehegan, Mrs., of Cat Alley, [319].
Genesis of the gang, environments of boy's career, [236]-247.
German destitution and charity, story of, [217]-218.
Giant, Elizabeth Street, [331].
Gibbon, quotation from Vitruvius as to height of dwellings, [11].
Giddings, Professor F. H., child labor investigation, [185].
Gilder Tenement House Commission, work of, [88], [105], [108], [116], [228], [276], [279], [281].
Golden Gate Association, kindergarten record, [245].
Good Government Clubs—
Tammany condemnation of, [126].
Work of, 1896-97, [127], [128], [279], [371], [372].
Gotham Court—
Beginnings of reformation, [23]-27.
Christmas tree, [311].
Destruction of dangerous property, [118], [119].
Gould, Dr. E. R. L., president of company for erection of homes for poor, [129], [133], [138], [139].
Government by the people imperilled by existence of slum, [6].
Government slum inquiry, [61], [97], [175].
Grand Street, soap factories prohibited below, [107].
Grant, Mayor, reform work, [45]-46.
Graveyard as playground, [302].
Great Robbery, city treasury, [4]-5, [285].
Green Dragon yard, London, [26]-27.
Gun-maker Patrick Mullen, [413]-414.

Hamilton Fish Park—
Restoration, [296].
Uselessness of, [149]-152, [295].
Health Board—
Tammany negligence, [64], [67].
Tenement landlords, fights with, [30], [37].
Heat of summer 1896, power of resistance, [125]-126.
Hebrew Institute—
Educational Alliance work, [382].
Roof garden, [305]-307.
Hebrews, see [Jews].
Hell's Kitchen—
Improvement, [51]-52.
Negro possession, desolate appearance, [110].
Helvetia House demolition, [285].
Hester Street—
School—
Club room, [373].
Nature studies, [363]-364.
Roof playground, [342], [359]-360.
Wheat lesson, [363].
Street-cleaning, [45].
Hewitt, A. S.—
Chairman of Advisory Committee on Small Parks, [287].
Neglect of the children, [233].
Ten years reform theory, [287].
Hirsch Fund—
Educational work in Hebrew Institute, [382].
New Jersey, aid to Jewish colonies, [213].
Holy Terror Park, [302].
Home libraries in the tenements, [382]-383.
Homes—
Homewood cottage scheme, failure of, [137]-138.
Lack of home-life—
Need of neighborliness, [398]-403.
Warning, [111]-112.
New Jersey, Jewish colonies, [212]-215.
New Orange, scheme abandoned, [214].
Rallying points of civilization, [80].
Slum an enemy of, [7].
Homewood cottages, failure of scheme, [137]-138.
Hook gang, [288].
Horses, fire-engine, fate of, [425].
Hotels—
Mills Houses, see that [title].
Stewart, A. T., failure of hotel, [29], [165]-166.
Woman's Hotel for working women, need of, [166]-168.
Housing of the poor, see [Tenements].
"Hudson-bank" park—
Success of, [292].
Truck farming on site of Stryker's Lane, [366].
Hudson Guild, subscriptions for guild house, [402].
Hull House Kindergarten, Chicago, harvest picture incident, [365].

Immigration—
City destination, mistake of, [207]-208.
Distribution necessary, [208], [212].
Ellis Island eagle, [202]-204.
Inspection before embarkation at foreign port, [206], [207].
Italian statistics and incidents, [176]-181.
Jewish, [191]-192.
Naturalization papers, fraudulent, [186], [190], [207].
Restriction, enforcement of law, [206].
School as means of enrolment, [211], [212].
Shutting the door problem, [204]-206.
Tammany slum politics, [186]-191, [211].
Irish people—
Cat Alley tenants, [314], [316]-320.
Eviction in tenements, [110]-111.
Italians—
Cat Alley, Dago eviction, [314].
Charges of dirtiness and ignorance, [181]-183.
Child labor, [185].
Criminals discovered in Mulberry Street, [204]-205.
Elizabeth Street tenements inspection, [100]-101.
Gambling, [186].
Home scene—sewing "pants," [184].
Immigration statistics and incidents, [176]-181.
Naturalization papers, fraudulent, and illegal registration, [186]-191.
Politics of the slum, [186]-191.
Underbidding the Jew, [183].

Jackson Pleasure Club, School No. 160, [374]-377.
Jerome, W. T., campaign of 1901, [74].
Jersey Street, clearance and factory erections, [32]-34.
Jews—
Charges against, at citizens, [192].
Educational work among, [382].
Farming abilities, [215].
Glazier, story of, [384].
Hebrew Institute, see that [title].
Immigrants, [191]-192.
Material for good citizens, [192]-193.
New Jersey colonies, [212]-215.
Orchard Street, dwelling under stairs, [95].
"Removal plan" started by B'nai B'rith, [215].
Roof garden, Hebrew Institute, [305]-307.
Sweating, [194].
Tailors' quarrel, [183].
Jim and his mother, story of, [256]-263.
Juvenile Asylum for burglars and truants, [349].

Kelly, Mrs., and Jim, story of, [256]-263.
Kerosene Row demolition, [285].
Kerosene stoves, odor of tenements, [92].
"Kid"—Battle Row gang, Easter service, [251]-252.
Kindergarten record, San Francisco, [245].
Kindergarten system, benefit of, [365]-367.
Klotz, Madame, of Cat Alley, [316].

Laundries of model tenement houses, [136].
Law, enforcement, [47], [223], [235], [415], [418].
League for Political Education, reform work, [247].
Leipziger, Dr., evening classes, [403].
Lexow disclosures, [5], [41], [66].
Libraries—
Free library system, erection of buildings, [397].
Home libraries in the tenements, [382]-383.
Licensing of tenements, [153].
Lights in halls of tenements, non-enforcement of law, [90]-92.
Lodging houses—
Competition of Mills Houses, [161].
East River barge, winter lodgings, 1896, [170]-172.
Mills Houses, see that [title].
"Nurseries of Crime," [54], [156].
Police station lodging rooms, [48]-50, [169]-170.
Problem of, [159].
London—
British Museum exhibit, warning message, [111]-112.
Green Dragon yard, [26]-27.
Ragged school, factory nuisance incident, [117].
Seven Dials, reformation, "druv into decency," [113]-114.
Long Island—
Homewood plan, [137]-138.
Stewart house, failure of, [165]-166.
Lost children, tagging proposed, [92].
Low, Mayor—
Election, [75].
Reform government, school erections, [44].
Roof playgrounds, [389].