[15] See [Readings], Chapter III (end), for historical writings of this period.
[16] For Justinian, who scarcely comes into our story, see Oman, Dark Ages, Chapters V–VI.
[17] Reference, Oman, Dark Ages, Chapter IV.
[18] See [Readings], Chapter III, for passages from Gregory of Tours.
[19] Reference, Emerton, Introduction, 68–72.
[20] Reference, Oman, Dark Ages, Chapter XV.
[21] The northern Franks, who did not penetrate far into the Empire, and the Germans who remained in Germany proper and in Scandinavia, had of course no reason for giving up their native tongues; the Angles and Saxons in Britain also adhered to theirs. These Germanic languages in time became Dutch, English, German, Danish, Swedish, etc. Of this matter something will be said later. See below, § 97.
[22] Extracts from the laws of the Salian Franks may be found in Henderson's Historical Documents, pp. 176–189.
[23] Professor Emerton gives an excellent account of the Germanic ideas of law in his Introduction, pp. 73–91; see also Henderson, Short History of Germany, pp. 19–21. For examples of the trials, see Translations and Reprints, Vol. IV, No. 4. A philosophical account of the character of the Germans and of the effects of the invasions is given by Adams, Mediæval Civilization, Chapters IV-V.
[24] Tacitus' Germania, which is our chief source for the German customs, is to be found in Translations and Reprints, Vol. VI, No. 3. For the habits of the invading Germans, see Henderson, Short History of Germany, pp. 1–11; Hodgkin, Dynasty of Theodosius, last half of Chapter II.