The Man¢iñka-gaxe subgentes, as given by Lion, were: 1, Coyote and Wolf people. 2, In`ĕ-waqube-a¢in, Keepers-of-the-mysterious-stones. 3, Niniba-t`an, Keepers-of-the-pipe. 4, Minxa-san-wet`ajĭ. Touch(es)-not-swans. Cañge-skă, White Horse, chief of the Man¢iñ-ka-gaxe (in 1878-1880) named three subgentes, thus: 1, Qube, Mysterious person, a modern name (probably including the Miʞasi and In`ĕ-waqube-a¢in, and certainly consisting of the descendants of the chief Wa-jiñga-sabe or Blackbird). 2, Niniba-t`an. 3, Minxa-san-wet`ajĭ.
The ʇa-da were divided into four parts: 1, Niniba-t`an, Keepers-of-the-pipe, under Lion. 2, Naq¢e-it`ajĭ, Touches-no-charcoal, under Boy Chief. 3, Thunder-people, under Pawnee Chief. 4, Deer-people, under Sinde-xanxan (Deer's-)tail-shows-red-at-intervals (-as-it-bounds-away).
The Ictasanda gens also was in four parts: 1, Niniba-t`an, Keepers-of-the-pipe. 2, Real Ictasanda people, (Numbers 1 and 2 were consolidated prior to 1880.) 3, Wacetan or Reptile people, sometimes called Keepers-of-the-claws-of-a-wildcat. 4, Real Thunder people, or Those-who-do-not-touch-a-clamshell, or Keepers-of-the-clamshell-and-the-tooth-of-a-black-bear.
The social organization of the Omaha has been treated at length by the author in his paper on Omaha Sociology.[6]
THE PONKA
The Ponka tribal circle was divided equally between the Tcinju and Wajaje half-tribes. To the former belonged two phratries of two gentes each, i.e., numbers 1 to 4, inclusive, and to the latter two similar phratries, including gentes 5 to 8.
FIG. 36.—Ponka camping circle.
Tcinju half-tribe—Thunder or Fire phratry: Gens 1, Hisada, Legs-stretched-ont-stiff (refers to a dead quadruped); Thunder people. Gens 2, Touch-not-the-skin-of-a-black-bear. Wind-makers or War phratry: Gens 3, ¢ixida, Wildcat (in two subgentes: 1, Sinde-ag¢ĕ, Wears-tails, i.e., locks of hair; Naq¢e-it`ajĭ, Does-not-touch-charcoal; and Wascʇu-it`ajĭ, Does-not-tonch-verdigris. 2, Wami-it`ajĭ, Does-not-touch-blood). Gens 4, Nika-da-ɔna, "Bald human-head;" Elk people (in at least three subgentes: 1, ʇe-sĭnde-it`ajĭ, Does-not-touch-a-buffalo-tail; 2, ʇe ¢eze ¢atajĭ, Does-not-eat-buffalo-tongues; 3, ʇaqti kĭ Anpan ¢atajĭ, Does-not-eat-deer-and-elk).