Order of Words in a Sentence.
§ 98. This is usually not, as in English, that of grammatical dependence, but rather the order of thought; important or emphatic words come first, after the connecting particles; prepositions and the article precede their nouns; and qualifying terms are grouped in a harmonious balance around the principal ones.
LESSON VII.
Exercise on John 1, 1-5.
1 Ἐν[1] ἀρχῇ[2] ἦν[3] ὁ[4] Λόγος,[5] καὶ[6] ὁ[4] Λόγος[6] ἦν[3] In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was
2 πρὸς[7] τὸν[8] θεόν,[9] καὶ[6] θεὸς[10] ἦν[3] ὁ[4] Λόγος.[5] Οὗτος[11] with God, and God was the Word. This one
3 ἦν[3] ἐν[1] ἀρχῇ[2] πρὸς[7] τὸν[8] θεόν.[9] Πάντα[12] δι'[13] was in the beginning with God. All things by
αὐτοῦ[14] ἐγένετο,[15] καὶ[6] χωρὶς[16] αὐτοῦ[14] ἐγένετο[15] οὐδὲ[17] him were made, and without him was made not even
4 ἓν[18] ὃ[19] γέγονεν.[20] Ἐν[1] αὐτῷ[21] ζωὴ[22] ἦν,[3] καὶ[6] one thing which has been made. In him life was, and
5 ἡ[23] ζωὴ[22] ἦν[3] τὸ[24] φῶς[25] τῶν[26] ἀνϑρώπων·[27] καὶ[6] τὸ[24] the life was the light of men; and the
φως[25] ἐν[1] τῇ[28] σκοτίᾳ[29] φαίνει,[30] καὶ[6] ἡ[23] σκοτία[31] light in the darkness shines, and the darkness
αὐτὸ[32] οὐ[33] κατέλαβεν.[34] it not admitted.
Directions.--Spell the Greek, giving the English equivalents of the consonants, (as in [§ 1],) and the exact phonetic value or sound of the vowels. Call the rough breathing h. Be careful to put the spoken accent where it is written. Continue this practice through all the passages given in the following lessons, until the words can be pronounced readily and accurately. Familiarize yourself with the forms of the letters by writing them. Let the pupil do this while learning the foregoing grammatical lessons, and after the recitation of each of them let the teacher direct attention, while the passage at the head of the reading lessons is pronounced, to the examples illustrating each point, as they occur--by way of paradigm.
Parsing Notes on the Above.
1. Ἐν--prep. atonic, [§ 3]; stands first, [§ 98].
2. ἀρχῇ--noun, from nom. ἀρχή, 1st decl. fem., [§ 28]; circumflex, [§ 6]; local dat., [§ 88]; emphatic position, [§ 98].
3. ἦν--verb, irreg. in μι, [§ 69]; 3d pers. sing. imperf. indic. act., [§ 47]; ν appended irreg. as ending, [§ 49]; long vowel, [§ 67].