| Singular. | Cases. | Plural. | ||
| Masc. | Neut. | Masc. | Neut. | |
| ος | ον | Nominative. | οι | α |
| ου | Genitive. | ων | ||
| ῳ | Dative. | οις | ||
| ον | Accusative. | ους | α | |
| ε | ον | Vocative. | οι | α |
| Dual. Nom., Acc., Voc., ω; Gen., Dat., οιν. | ||||
§ 31. The few fem. nouns of this declension take the masc. terminations. The Voc. masc. sing. is occasionally ος.
§ 32. The following are the terminations of the Third Declension:--
| Singular. | Cases. | Plural. | ||
| Masc. and Fem. | Neut. | Masc. and Fem. | Neut. | |
| ς (or long vowel before final letter.) | (naked stem.) | Nominative. | ες | α |
| ος | Genitive. | ων | ||
| ι | Dative. | σι(ν) | ||
| ν or α | (naked stem.) | Accusative. | ας | α |
| (like Nom. or Neut.) | (naked stem.) | Vocative. | ες | α |
| Dual. Nom., Acc., Voc., ε; Gen., Dat., οιν. | ||||
§ 33. The Nom. sing. is so often changed by the euphonic rules that the stem of the noun is best seen in the Gen. Nouns in ις, υς, and ευς take the (Attic) Gen. εως, (ω regarded as short.) The α of the Acc. sing. is usually after a consonant. Many irregularities and some anomalies occur, which may generally be learned from the lexicon.
ADJECTIVES.
§ 34. These are declined like nouns, having sometimes three sets of terminations for the respective genders, sometimes two, (masc. and fem. alike,) rarely but one, (all genders alike.) The masc. and neut. are always of the same declension, (second or third,) and the fem., when different, always of the first. Participles are declined like adjectives.
§ 35. Adjectives are compared either by using an adverb expressive of degree, or, more regularly, by adding to the stem of the positive the syllables ότερος or ίων for the comparative, and ότατος or ιστος for the superlative. Some euphonic changes occur in making these additions, which then take the regular declensional endings.
NUMERALS.
§ 36. The cardinal numbers are either simple, (the units, tens, and a few others,) or compound, (intermediate numbers.) Those from one to four inclusive, and the hundreds and thousands, are declined like adjectives. They may all be learned from the lexicon.