Страница - 200Страница - 202- East, the, search for new routes to, [27], [29];
- European trade with, in hands of Spain and Portugal, [29].
- East India Company, [45], [46], [59].
- Eastland Company, [45], [46].
- Eaton, Samuel, [263 n.]
- Eaton, Theophilus, founds New Haven, [206], [207], [208];
- Education, in New England, original object of, religious, [370];
- Edward IV, his charter of 1462, [34], [35].
- Edward VI, [69].
- Edwards, Jonathan, character of his writings, [82].
- Election to General Court, right of, under Mass. charter, [141], [142].
- Eliot, Rev. John, pleads against sale of Indians into slavery, [362];
- Eliot, Sir John, [134], [136], [137].
- Elizabeth, Queen, relations of England and Spain under, [30], [31], [32];
- her methods of government, [31];
- her patent to Sir H. Gilbert, [32], [33], [35];
- state of England at her accession, [69], [70];
- her opportunism, [70];
- vague standard of religious conformity under, [70];
- [41], [44], [83], [146].
- Ellis, George E., quoted, [267].
- Emigration, causes of, 1620-1640, [119] ff.;
- influence of form of, [153];
- Mass. places restrictions on, [190];
- from England, cessation of, [222], [223];
- complaints regarding, [422].
- Endicott, John, governor of colony at Salem, [125], [126], [127];
- hews down Maypole of Merry Mount, [127];
- confirmed as governor of Mass., under new charter, [128];
- his views of church government, [131];
- censured for sending the Brownes to England, [133];
- his character, [147];
- at Block Island, [200];
- as Puritan leader, [258], [259];
- and the Quaker persecution, [265], [272], [273];
- his violent language, [270 n.];
- his death, [275], [333];
- [124], [134], [135], [140], [143], [156 n.], [162], [163], [260], [264], [315], [430].
- England, chief imports of, [12];
- basis of her claims to part of New World, [27], [28], [42];
- and Spain, under Elizabeth, [30], [31];
- preys upon Spanish commerce, [36];
- claims all North America, [41] and [n.], [42];
- treaty of 1604 with Spain, [42], [43];
- economic conditions in, [43], [44];
- abandons continental conquest after loss of Calais, [44];
- trading companies formed in, [45], [46], [47];
- value of colonies to, differing views, [45], [46], [47];
- state of, at accession of Elizabeth, [69], [70];
- problem of church settlement, [70];
- low state of morality in, [73], [74];
- balance-sheet of American exploration, [91];
- conditions in, about 1630, [118], [123], [124];
- laws against Catholics suspended, [118];
- emigration from, largely due to other than religious causes, [121], [122];
- Puritan leaders in New England propose to govern independently of, [155], [156];
- effect of domestic political events in, to postpone Colonial affairs, [159], [160], [208], [209], [214], [215], [216], [295], [296];
- and France, scene of first step in struggle between, [180], [181];
- breach between Puritan leaders in, and in Mass., [195] ff.;
- attitude of New Haven toward, [208];
- why emigration ceased, [222], [223];
- and Holland, conflicting territorial claims of, [234], [235],
- adjusted by treaty, [236];
- relations of colonies with, [278], [279], [292], [293], [294], [295];
- and colonial shipping, [286];
- laws of, relating to colonial trade, [288];
- application of Mercantile Theory by, and the Dutch, [291];
- value of Navigation Acts to, [291], [292];
- scheme for organization of colonies after Restoration, [296], [207], [298];
- acts for control of trade and shipping, [298] ff.;
- interference of, with colonial rights, [302], [303];
- relation of Mass. to, defined by General Court, [305], [306];
- relation of other colonies to, [306];
- and the defiant attitude of New England, [313];
- complaints against Mass. to government of Charles II, [313] ff.;
- change in relation of colonies to, [317], [366];
- rights and interests of citizens of, [327], [328];
- question of location of sovereignty in, [364] ff.;
- her wars from 1672 to 1815, wars of trade, [366];
- intellectual revival in, [371];
- Stoughton and Bulkley agents of Mass. in, [380] ff.;
- her patience exhausted, and why, [390], [391];
- her offer of compromise, not accepted, [393];
- Mass. charter annulled by scire facias, [394];
- and the new government in New Hampshire, [399] ff.;
- and the question of land-titles in New England, [418] ff.;
- effect of her method of dealing with the question, [420];
- Revolution in (1688), [428];
- circular letter of new government to colonies, [432];
- war between France and, [436];
- furnishes convoys for colonial shipping, [437], [438];
- echoes of discontent in Mass. in, [444], [445] and n.;
- Mather's labors in, [445], [446].
- And see [British Empire], [Charles I], [Charles II], [Clarendon], [Elizabeth], [James I], [James II], [Lords of Trade and Plantations].
- “England and Ireland, Realmes of,” [35 n.]
- English, the, none of great river highways originally held by, [3];
- locus of earliest effort at colonization by, [12];
- treatment of Indians by, [39], [40];
- break up French settlements in Maine and Nova Scotia, [54-56];
- numbers of, in different colonies, in 1630, [120], [121];
- emigrants to Ireland, [120].
- English and French possessions in North America during settlement period contrasted, [3].
- English nation, involved in founding of settlements by Englishmen, [281].
- English seamen, under Drake and his fellows, [30], [31].
- Esquimaux, [24].
- Essex County, Mass., resistance to tax-levy in, [425], [426].
- Established Church, a necessity in England, [70], [146];
- European civilization, effect on, of expansion due to opening of new lands, [30], [31], [398], [399].
- European commerce with the East, etc., [26];
- seeks new route to East, [26], [27];
- passes into hands of Spain and Portugal, [29].
- European goods, restrictions on shipment of, to colonies, [300], [301].
- Evelyn, John, [372].
- Exeter, N. H., founded, [182];
- Fairfield, Conn., [206].
- Farmers, white and colored, comparative efficiency of, in North, [8].
- Faroe Islands, [12].
- Fenwick, George, [242].
- Finch, Katherine, [172].
- Firearms, sale of, to Indians, [113], [344];
- Indians required to surrender, [344], [347];
- English, inferior to Indian, [350].
- Fish, staple of exchange, [11];
- demand for, in Europe, [28];
- opposition to monopoly in, [106].
- Fisher, Mary, Quaker, [264].
- Fisheries of New England, [11], [104], [106], [286],
- and of Newfoundland, [286];
- produce a race of seamen, [11].
- Fiske, John, [28 n.]
- Flemings, in England, [122].
- Folger, Peter, “A Looking-Glass for the Times,” [274 n.]
- Forefathers Day, [99 n.]
- Forests, as barriers, [3], [4];
- extent of, in New England, [9].
- Fortrey, Samuel, England's Interest and Improvement, quoted, [283], [284].
- Fortune, the (vessel), captured by French with first shipment of pelts, [102].
- Fowle, Thomas, [213], [214].
- France, Verrazano sails under flag of, [28];
- claims all North America, [41];
- Mercantile Theory in, [285];
- Colbert's policy abandoned by, [291];
- at war with England, [337], [446].
- Franchise, religious test for, [172], [185], [192], [197], [213] f., [217], [252], [253], [254], [319], [383], [384], [389], [392], [393], [445], [446];
- royal orders concerning, [323];
- new law concerning, characterized, [331], [332];
- property qualification for, [389], [392], [393], [445], [446];
- question of, in new charter for Mass., [434], [435], [445], [446].
- Frazer, J. G., quoted, [68 n.]
- “Free planters,” in New Haven, [207], [208].
- Free speech, denial of, inevitable, [143];
- Freemen, in Mass., the only enfranchised voters, [142];
- petition for increase in number of, [144];
- limited to church members, [145], [162];
- [152], [154], [155], [160], [314], [400], [435];
- in Connecticut, [192];
- in New Hampshire, [217].
- French, the, on New England coast, [38];
- permanent settlement of, at Quebec, [38];
- beginning of friendship with Indians 39, [40];
- colonization contrasted with English, [39], [340], [345];
- settlements of, broken up, [54-56];
- capture the Fortune, [102];
- missionary efforts of, [345];
- supply Indians with arms, [361];
- danger to English colonies from, [426];
- behind Indian raids, [438].
- French West Indies. See [West Indies (French)].
- Frontenac, Count, [440].
- Frontier, natural, [1];
- westward movement of, causes grouping of colonies into East and West, [2];
- unlimited, in North America, and its effect on institutions, [29], [30];
- constant advance of, [176] ff., [195], [197], [198];
- the refuge of restless and discontented, [177];
- influence of, on domestic concerns of colonies, [209] ff.;
- spirit of resistance to interference developed on, [302];
- advance of, followed by erection of towns, [340];
- influence of, [367], [419].
- Fuller, Samuel, [131].
- Fuller, Thomas, [371].
- “Fundamental Orders” of Connecticut, [192], [193].
- Fur-trade, exhaustion of, in New England, [6];
- Gama, Vasco da, [27].
- Gardiner, Christopher, takes refuge with Indians, [150];
- Gardiner, Lyon, [196], [200], [201].
- Gawsell, Gregory, [125], [134].
- General Court of Connecticut, representation in, [192];
- relation of, to towns, [192];
- declares war against Pequots, [202] ff.;
- [413].
- General Court of Massachusetts Bay, functions of, under charter, [128];
- first session of, [141];
- towns represented in, [154];
- functions of, enlarged, at expense of freemen, [160];
- and R. Williams, [163];
- establishes council of magistrates for life, [161], [162];
- refuses to accept Vane's resignation, [168];
- disciplines Wheelwright, [169];
- invalidates election of Vane and others, and admits them on reelection, [169];
- passes new immigration law, [169];
- purged for lack of zeal, [170];
- and atones therefor, [170] ff.;
- dispute between magistrates and deputies in, [189];
- resolution of, as to laws in force, [209], [210];
- judgment of, in “Sow” case, [212];
- appeal of non-church members for increase of privileges, denied, [213], [214];
- legislates to assist debtors, [222];
- grants land in Rhode Island to Braintree men, [247], [248];
- convokes synod, [255];
- Cambridge Platform adopted by, against opposition, [257];
- passes laws against Quakers, [265], [266], [268];
- enacts death penalty by bare majority, [270 n.];
- severity of laws modified, [273];
- growing opposition in, to persecution of Quakers, [275];
- defines relations of colony to England, [305], [306];
- censures Leverett for violation of Navigation Acts, [313];
- sends addresses to King and Parliament, [321];
- revives severe laws against Quakers, [323];
- laws passed by, repugnant to laws of England, [327];
- and the Royal Commission, [331], [332];
- passes new election law, [331], [332];
- answers of, to requests and charges of Commission, [333], [334];
- letter of Carr and others to, [334], [335];
- refuses to send agents to England, [336];
- disregards petition of citizens opposed to its action, [336], [337];
- asserts God's reason for Philip's War, [349];
- and the Indians, [357];
- replies to royal letter, [380], [381];
- tergiversations of, regarding Navigation Acts, [384], [385];
- seeks extension of northern boundary, [385];
- agrees to administer oath of allegiance and to legislate against treason, [387];
- reënacts Navigation Acts, [387];
- sends Dudley and Richards as agents, [392], [393];
- deadlocked as to acceptance of offer to compromise in matter of annulment of charter, [393];
- protests legality of Dudley's commission, [410].
- And see [Assistants].
- Geographic factors, in New England, [11] ff.;
- Geographic science, progress in, [26], [27].
- Gerrard, Sir Thomas, [38].
- Gilbert, Adrian, [41].
- Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, terms of his patent, [32], [33],
- and questions raised thereby, [35], [36];
- failure of his colonizing efforts, [36];
- [31].
- Gilbert, Sir John, [52].
- Gilbert, Raleigh, founds settlement on Sagadahoc (Kennebec) River, [50], [51], [52].
- Gilman, John, [400].
- Godfrey, Edward, [244], [245] and [n.], [314].
- Goffe, Sir Thomas, [128].
- Goffe, William, regicide, [314].
- Gombroon, [280].
- Gomez, Estienne, voyages of, [28].
- Gooch, G. P., quoted, [84], [144].
- Good Hope, fort of, [234], [235], [236], [237], [242].
- Goodman, John, [100].
- Gookin, Daniel, [357].
- Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, attitude of Puritans toward, [49];
- sends vessel to New England, [49] and [n.];
- his agents in Maine, [60], [61];
- secures new charter, [62];
- his Briefe Narration, [103];
- grant to Mason and, [104];
- consents to issuance of patent for settlement at Salem, [126];
- and Morton, [149];
- his relations with Puritan peers, [149];
- and the Bay Colony, [149], [150];
- attacks the colony's charter, [151], [156] ff.;
- details of his scheme, [158];
- his hopes dashed, [159];
- appointed governor of New England, [158], [159];
- and Mason, divide province of Maine, [177], [178];
- his death, [244];
- claim of heirs of, to Maine, declared valid, [375], [376], [382];
- [48], [51], [52], [125], [216], [218], [245], [314], [324].
- Gorges, Ferdinando (the younger), protests against absorption of Maine by Mass., [314];
- Gorges, John, [125], [149].
- Gorges, Robert, Governor of New England, [106];
- Gorges, William, [178].
- Gorton, Samuel, a wanderer, [218], [219];
- banished from Providence, [219];
- buys Indian land, [219];
- action of Mass. against, [219], [220];
- his religious views, [221] and [n.];
- [239], [240], [241], [247], [248], [305].
- Gosnold, Bartholomew, his voyage in 1602, [36], [37];
- Gove, Edward, [403].
- Grafton, Mass., [345].
- Gray, Thomas, [151].
- Great Island, N. H., [437].
- Green Mountains, [4].
- Greene, John, [386].
- Greenland, [12].
- Groans of the Plantations, The, quoted, [388 n.]
- Groton, [360].
- Guadaloupe, [291].
- Guercheville, Madame de, founds St. Sauveur, on Mt. Desert, [55];
- Guiana, [91].
- Guiana Company, [46].
- Guinea Company, [46].
- Guinn, ——, [402].
- Gunnbiörn's Skerries, [12 n.]
- Habeas Corpus, right of, not extended to colonies, [425 n.]
- Hadley, Mass., [354] and [n.], [355], [356].
- Hakluyt, R., “A Discourse concerning Western Planting,” quoted, [31 n.], [37].
- “Half-way Covenant,” 263.
- Halley, Edmund, [371].
- Hampden, John, [125], [136], [137].
- Hampton, dispute over settlement at, [182], [183].
- Hanham, Thomas, [48], [50] and [n.]
- Hardy, Thomas, [72].
- Harlow, Edward, [54].
- Harris, William, [338 n.]
- Harrison, William, [44].
- Harrisse, H., [28 n.]
- Hartford, Dutch at, [188] and [n.];
- Harvard College, [369].
- Harvey, William, [371].
- Hatfield, Mass., [360].
- Hawkins, Sir John, [30].
- Hawkins, Sir Richard, [60].
- Haynes, John, Governor of Mass., [167], [189].
- Henchman, Daniel, [353].
- Henri IV, [38], [41].
- Henrietta Maria, Queen, [118].
- Henry II, [41 n.]
- Henry IV, his charter of 1404, [34].
- Henry VII, [27], [28].
- Henry VIII, break with Rome under, [68], [69];
- Henson, Rev. H. H., [96 n.]
- Herrick, Robert, [371].
- Hibbens, Ann, [264].
- Higginson, Rev. Francis, teacher of Salem church, [131];
- High Commission, Court of, [71], [80], [151].
- Hilton, Edward and William, settle on Piscataqua River, [108] and [n.]
- Hilton patent, the, [196].
- Hinckley, Thomas, [416].
- Hobbes, Thomas, [371].
- Hobomack (Indian), [101].
- Hobson, Captain, [54], [60].
- Hocking, ——, murder of, at Augusta, [178], [179 n.], [298].
- Hoffe, ——, [169].
- Holden, Christopher, Quaker, [268].
- Holden, Randall, [386].
- Holland, Earl of, [125].
- Holland, her claims to territory in New England, invalid, [53] and [n.];
- state of, in early 17th century, [89] and [n.];
- religious toleration in, [118];
- treaty with England, not ratified, [236];
- Cromwell forces war on, [236];
- United Colonies declare war on, [238];
- carrying trade of, [298];
- England at war with, [337];
- peace with, [375];
- [146], [312].
- And see [Dutch].
- Holmes, Obadiah, Baptist, whipped at Lynn, [259] ff.
- Hooker, Rev. Thomas, arrives at Newtown, [189];
- denied permission to go to Connecticut, [189];
- but takes his congregation thither, [190], [191];
- his “famous sermon,” 192 and n.,
- his death, [258];
- [167], [168], [195], [210], [372].
- Hopkins, Edward, Governor of Connecticut, [213].
- Hopkins, Steven, [101].
- Hopkinton, [345].
- Housatonic River, [235] and [n.]
- Hubbard, William, quoted, [97], [354 n.]
- Hudlston, John, [103 n.]
- Hudson, Henry, on coast of Virginia, [53];
- Dutch claims based on voyage of, [53];
- [6].
- Hudson River, [53] and [n.]
- Hudson-Mohawk river highway, [3], [312].
- Huguenots, and the fall of Rochelle, [118];
- Hull, Rev. Mr., [227].
- Humphrey, John, [124], [127], [128], [134], [138], [140] and [n.], [141], [157], [196], [223].
- Hunt, Thomas, [59].
- Hutchinson, Ann, and the Antinomian controversy, [165] ff.;
- Hutchinson, Edward, [354].
- Hutchinson, L., quoted, [84], [85].
- Hutchinson, Thomas, History of Massachusetts Bay, quoted, [258], [259], [433];
- Hutchinson, William, [165].
- Iceland, [12].
- Immigration law (Mass.), terms of, [169], [170], [173].
- Imperial sovereignty, [293].
- India, English successes in, [56];
- English interests in (1660), [280].
- Indian land-titles, purchase of, [39], [340] f.
- Indian warfare, colonists ignorant of, [350].
- Indians, dealings of colonists with, [14], [24], [25], [39], [40], [198], [199], [239] ff.;
- character and mental traits of, [14] ff.;
- still in Stone Age at time of discovery of America, [16];
- agriculture and the chase, [16], [19], [20];
- political and social organization of, [17] ff.;
- war, their natural condition, [19];
- position of women among, [21], [22];
- and the arts, [22];
- economic life, [23];
- in animistic stage of religious belief, [23];
- linguistic, the best method of classification of, [23], [24];
- numbers of, in New England, [24], [338], [339];
- foundation of friendship with French, [39], [40];
- sickness among, [99], [100] and [n.];
- and the Pilgrims, [101], [102];
- beginnings of trade with, [102], [115];
- threats of trouble with, [103];
- plot of, against Wessagussett, foiled, [105];
- Morton sells fire-arms to, [113];
- and Morton, [148];
- Williams escapes to, [165];
- solicit colonists to come to Connecticut River, [187];
- slight danger from, in New New England, [197], [198];
- rumors of general uprising, [240];
- geographical distribution of, [339];
- land-dealings of settlers with, [340] ff., [348], [349];
- Puritans' treatment of, and their reaction to it, [342];
- special laws for, [343];
- causes of friction with, [344];
- missionary work among, [345], [346];
- changed relations of whites and, [348], [349];
- innocent, inhuman treatment of, by Mass., [357];
- supplied by French with arms, etc., [361];
- treacherous seizure of, at Dover, [361];
- terms of treaty with (1678), [362] and [n.];
- psychological effect of war on, [362];
- treatment of captives by colonists, [362];
- protests against sale of, into slavery, [362];
- control of relations with, in all North America, given to Andros, [426];
- threats of trouble with, [426];
- expeditions against, at divers places, [427];
- hostilities begun by, [436], [437].
- And see [Beothuks], [Iroquois], [Narragansetts], [Nipmucks], [Pequots], [Praying Indians].
- Indies, English rights of trade with, surrendered by treaty of 1604, [43].
- Individual, the, responsibility of, to God, [67];
- rights of, and the Gorton case, [221].
- Individual initiative, development of, in Tudor times, [31].
- Individual liberty, and the struggle between England and her colonies, [329].
- Individualism, increasing sense of, [66], [67].
- Inquisition, the, [31].
- Insurance (cargo), high cost of, [114].
- Intercolonial trade, New England's share in, [10];
- Ipswich, resistance to tax-levy in, [425].
- Ireland, schemes for colonizing, [33];
- Irish Plantation Society, [33], [46], [47].
- Iroquois, superior art of, in pottery, [22];
- Island colonies, planted by England, [119].
- Isothermal lines, on Atlantic coast, [10].
- Italy, cities of, lose Oriental trade, [29].
- Jamaica, religious toleration in, [276];
- James I, [40], [42], [47], [48], [51], [58], [71], [132], [279].
- James II, opposes grant of popular assembly in New England, [414];
- Jamestown, founded, [38], [49];
- Java, [280].
- Jephson, W., [431].
- Jermyn, Sir Robert, [72].
- Jesuits, at St. Sauveur, [55], [56];
- missionaries in America, [345].
- Johnson, Lady Arbella, [140].
- Johnson, Isaac, [125], [128], [138], [140].
- Joint stock. See [Common stock].
- Jones, Christopher, captain of the Mayflower, [95 n.], [97] and [n.]
- Jones, Thomas, [95 n.], [97 n.]
- Josselyn, Henry, [244].
- Keaynes, Robert, and the “Sow” case, [211], [212], [232 n.], [314 n.]
- Kennebec River, trade with settlements on, [115], [116];
- Kieft, Dutch governor, [235].
- King David (vessel), [289 n.]
- King's Chapel (Boston), [421], [442].
- King's Province, organized, [332], [333];
- Kirk, Sir W., [180].
- Kirke, Percy, comes near being governor of New England, [407] and [n.]
- Kittery, [245].
- Kittredge, George L., Robert Child the Remonstrant, [214 n.]
- Knower, Thomas, [151].
- La Saussaye, M. de, [55] and [n.]
- La Tour, Claude Etienne de, in Acadia, [232], [233], [234].
- Labrador current, [12].
- Land, travel by, effect of difficulty and expense of, [7].
- Land, free grants of, in New England colonies, [153];
- and the development of American ideals, [176];
- method of acquisition of, from Indians, [340], [341];
- title to, by conquest, [341];
- “one of the gods of New England,” [243];
- prospect of owning, the main attraction to emigrants, [419];
- effect of wide distribution of small holdings, [419].
- Land-system of New England, [153].
- Land-titles, in Mass., establishment of new government complicated by question of, [416] ff.;
- Higginson on derivation of, [418].
- Land-values, in England, rise of, [123].
- Lathrop, Thomas, [355].
- Laud, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, declares war on Puritans, [157];
- Lawyers, scarcity of, in New England, [417].
- Lechford, T., [132].
- Leddra, William, Quaker, [272], [273].
- Lee, Robert E., quoted, [408].
- Leere, Sir Peter, [297].
- Leroy-Beaulieu, Pierre P., De la Colonisation, etc., quoted, [44 n.]
- Lescarbot, Marc, [39] and [n.]
- Levant Company, [45], [46].
- Leverett, John, agent of Mass. in England, [321], [322];
- Levett, Christopher, settles at York, [108].
- Leyden, Pilgrim church at, [89];
- seven articles of the church at, [92];
- emigrants to Plymouth, [97], [98].
- Liberal sentiment in religion and economics, growth of, in New England, [373], [374].
- Liberty, double nature of struggle for, in colonial period, [155], [311], [329], [435];
- not a natural fact, [365];
- and the struggle between England and the colonies, [395], [396].
- Liberty of conscience. See [Religious toleration].
- Lincoln, Earl of, [92], [125], [138], [149], [177], [197].
- Littleton, Mass., [345].
- Local governments in New England. See [Towns].
- Locke, John, [371].
- London, capital for Pilgrims' enterprise largely subscribed in, [99];
- London Company, provided for in Virginia[Virginia] charter, [48];
- founds Jamestown, [48], [49];
- changes in charter of, [62];
- hostility of, to Gorges, [62].
- Long Island, [226].
- Long Island Sound, [4], [5], [6], [206], [339].
- Longmeadow, [360].
- Lord's Prayer, the, frowned on by Puritans, [82].
- Lords Commissioners for Plantations in General, charter of Mass. investigated by, [157], [158].
- Lords of Trade and Plantations, take over colonial affairs, [375];
- and the New England question, [375] ff.;
- Randolph's report to, [379];
- examine merchants as to trading practices of New England, [379], [380];
- advise Quo Warranto process against Mass., [384];
- advise reconstruction of government of New Hampshire, [402];
- and Cranfield, [404];
- and the Mason claim to New Hampshire, [405];
- [391] and [n.], [408], [412], [436], [437], [445].
- Louis XIII, [181].
- Louis XIV, [288].
- Love, W. de L., [191 n.]
- Lyford, John, a canting clergyman, [106], [107];
- Lygonia grant, [244].
- Lynn, Henry, [151].
- Lynn, Mass., Baptists fined at, [259], [260];
- McIlwain, C. H., The High Court of Parliament, etc., quoted, [307].
- Machias, [180].
- Madras, [280].
- Magellan, Ferdinand, [27].
- Magistrates, right of, to perpetual reelection, [161], [162].
- Maine, geographical conditions in northern, [5];
- thinly settled, [5];
- coast of, long a debatable land between French and English, [39];
- settlers in, [120];
- early history of, [177] ff.;
- Mason and Gorges grant divided between them, [177], [178];
- scene of first step in struggle between France and England, [180], [181];
- slow growth of population in, [183];
- no settled government in, [217];
- claim of Mass. to territory in, [217];
- province of, annexed by Mass., [244], [245];
- conditions in, under Mass., [317];
- Gorges claim to, [324], [325], [376];
- again taken under jurisdiction of Mass., [335], [336];
- losses of, in Philip's War, [363];
- bought by Mass., [386];
- disaffection of people of, [386] and [n.];
- Mass. ordered to surrender title-deeds of, [389],
- Indian troubles in, [427], [437];
- included in Mass. under new charter, [449];
- [3], [215], [227], [339], [361], [393].
- Malynes, Gerard, [114 n.];
- Maps, early, of Atlantic coast, [28].
- Marlborough, Earl of, [134].
- Marlborough, Mass., [345], [357], [360].
- Marshall, Christopher, [263 n.]
- Martha's Vineyard, gold sought on, [60];
- Martinique, [291].
- Martyn, Richard, [400].
- Marvell, Andrew, [371].
- Mary, Queen, [31], [69].
- Mary II, Queen, [445].
- Maryland, settlers in, [120];
- Marsden, J. B., quoted, [76].
- Mason, John, bounds of grants to, [104];
- and Gorges divide province of Maine, [177], [178];
- death of, [181];
- claim of heirs of, to land in New Hampshire, declared valid, [375], [376], [382];
- [109], [126], [156], [159], [216], [245], [324].
- Mason, Capt. John, leads expedition against Pequots, [202] ff.
- Mason, Robert, protests against annexation of New Hampshire to Mass., [314];
- his title confirmed by Parliamentary committee, [324], [325];
- and the new royal government, [399] ff.;
- difficulties of, [401];
- deal with Cranfield, [403] and [n.];
- his claims impossible to adjust, [404], [405];
- [377], [378], [379], [380], [381], [382], [390], [409], [420].
- Massachusetts, coast of, [5], [6];
- misapprehension concerning emigration to, [119];
- settlers in, in 1630 and 1640, [120];
- population of, and of Barbadoes compared, [121];
- proportion of Puritan element in population of, [121], [122].
- Massachusetts Bay, Pilgrims' first trading voyage to, [102];
- Massachusetts Bay, Governor and Company of (Bay Colony), charter granted to, [127], [128];
- original patentees, [127], [128];
- shades of religious belief, [129];
- transfer of charter to Winthrop and others, [138-140];
- removal of charter to America, [139];
- settlements of Winthrop and his band, [140];
- climatic and economic conditions in, [140], [141];
- violations of charter of, [141], [142], [145], [162];
- freemen of, only enfranchised voters, [142];
- non-church members seek a share in management of affairs, [145];
- limitations of founders, [147], [148];
- severe measures against critics, [151], [152];
- elements in political history of, [155];
- Gorges's attack on, [156] ff.;
- writ of Quo Warranto, to repeal Charter, [158], [159];
- prepares for armed resistance, [159];
- towns of, question legislation by magistrates, [160];
- election of magistrates for life in, [161], [162];
- and Ann Hutchinson, [166] ff.;
- control of oligarchy in, how confirmed, [169], [170], [171], [172];
- intolerance of leaders criticized by friends in England, [172], [173];
- technical rights of colonists under charter, considered, [173];
- results of intolerant policy on intellectual life of, [174];
- dispute with Plymouth over Hocking case, [178], [179];
- refuses to aid Plymouth against French, [181];
- and Wheelwright's settlement in Exeter, [182];
- and the settlement at Hampton, [182], [183];
- influence of, in Rhode Island and Connecticut, [183] ff.;
- contrast between Rhode Island and, [185], [186];
- sends expedition to Connecticut, [187] and [n.], [188];
- restrictions on permission to leave colony, [189], [190];
- and settlements in Connecticut, [190], [191], [207];
- influence of, on development of American thought, [193], [194];
- attitude of clergy in, [194], [195];
- isolation of, [197];
- dealings with Indians, [198] ff.,
- and their results, [201] ff.;
- appeals to R. Williams to mediate with Indians, [201];
- appeals to Plymouth for aid, [202];
- demand for return of charter to England, refused, [209];
- beginnings of opposition to oligarchy in, [210], [211];
- adopts the “Body of Liberties,” and new code of laws, [211];
- claims of, to territory of Maine and New Hampshire, [216], [217], [227], [328];
- annexes Dover, [217],
- intervenes in Gorton case, [219], [220], [221];
- population and resources of, [221], [224];
- alienates her friends in England, [223];
- submits draft of proposed Confederation, [224], [225];
- her policy, to extend her claims and control, [226];
- her advantages, [226], [227];
- her spite against Rhode Island, [227];
- territorial acquisitions before formation of Confederation, [228];
- dominates councils of Confederation, [230];
- the inglorious expedition to Acadia, [232] ff.;
- effect of abstention of, from quarrels with Dutch, [237], [238];
- her purity of motive questioned, [238];
- and the declaration of war against the Dutch, [238], [239];
- controversy with Connecticut over taxation, [242], [243];
- imposes import duty on goods from other colonies entering Boston, [243];
- disputed boundary line between Connecticut and, [243];
- annexes Maine and New Hampshire, [243], [244];
- results of her policy of annexation, [245], [246];
- development of that policy checked in South, [246] ff.;
- claims Pequot country and Narragansett country, [250];
- increasing demand for reform in franchise, [253], [254];
- arrogance of theocracy in, [262];
- growth of liberal opinion in, [262];
- persecution of Quakers in, [264-277];
- religious intolerance of leaders in, considered, [276], [277];
- tendency of, to escape from jurisdiction of England, [304], [313], [322], [326], [376];
- and the oath of allegiance, [304] and [n.];
- official declarations of her attitude, [304], [305];
- her attitude contrasted with that of other colonies, [306];
- close connection of theology and politics in, [311];
- complaints against, on divers grounds, [313] ff.,
- instructions of, to agents in London, [321], [322];
- prepares to defend herself by force, [322];
- letter of Charles II, confirming charter, etc., how complied with, [323], [324];
- and the Mason and Gorges claims, [324], [325];
- critical importance of her attitude, [326];
- logical result of her untenable assumption of virtual independence, [327], [328], [329];
- position of liberal element in, [329];
- Royal Commission in, [331] ff.;
- successfully reasserts claim to New Hampshire, [335];
- Maine again under her jurisdiction, [335], [336];
- ordered to send agents to England, [336];
- ultimate result of her defiance, [337];
- charged with conniving to make Indians drunk, [344] and [n.];
- “Praying Indians” in, [345];
- raising troops in, [351], [355] and [n.];
- drives Narragansetts into opposition, [352], [353];
- division of command against Indians between Connecticut and, [355], [356];
- refuses to use services of friendly Indians, [356], [357];
- her inhuman treatment of Indians, [357];
- unable to protect eastern settlements, [362];
- towns destroyed in war, [363];
- cost of war to, [363];
- her independent attitude notorious, [367];
- laws concerning schools in, [369],
- growth of dissent in, [372], [373];
- her disregard of Navigation Acts, [376];
- Randolph, special messenger from England to, how treated, [377], [378];
- sends agents to England, [380], [381];
- opinion of Judges on charter and boundaries of, [382],
- and of Attorney General on certain laws of, [382], [383];
- her defiant attitude censured in mandate to Stoughton and Bulkley, [383];
- purchases Maine from Gorges, [386];
- her government there illegal and unpopular, [386] and [n.];
- and the King's Province, [387];
- inconsistency of, regarding taxation without representation, [388];
- terms of royal letter to, [389];
- establishes government in Maine against royal command, [389];
- how her charter might have been saved, [390];
- consequences of her illegal trade, [391];
- Quo Warranto process against charter, [393];
- England offers to drop proceedings, on terms, [393], [394];
- her charter annulled, [394];
- loss of charter, why not to be regretted, [394] ff.;
- her two valuable contributions to American political life, [397];
- and the appointment of Dudley as governor, [408];
- question of land-titles in, [416] ff.;
- increased liberty of individual in, under Andros, [423];
- and the spectre of Rome, [427], [428], [429];
- Mather, in England, seeks restoration of charter, [431], [432];
- compromise government formed in, after fall of Andros, [433] ff.;
- points to be considered in drawing new charter for, [434], [435];
- two separate struggles for freedom in, [435];
- difficulties about raising troops, [437];
- Indian depredations in, [437];
- losses of, in expedition against Canada, [441], [442];
- financial troubles of, [442];
- increasing discontent in, [442] ff.;
- failure of attempts to obtain restoration of charter, [444];
- complaints against, reach England, [444], [445];
- new charter of (1691), [446] ff.;
- opinions of new charter in, [449], [450];
- bounds of, extended, to include Plymouth, Maine, etc., [450];
- rights of, under old and new charters, [450];
- effect of new charter, [450].
- And see [Boston], [Franchise], [General Court of Mass.], [Puritan leaders], [Puritans], [Salem], [Theocracy].
- Massachusetts Company, [46].
- Massasoit, Wampanoag sachem, Plymouth settlers make treaty with, [101];
- Masson, D., cited, [76].
- Mather, Cotton, and the witchcraft delusion, [452] ff.;
- Mather, Increase, and Philip's son, [362];
- in England, [431], [432];
- seeks restoration of charter of Mass., [431], [432];
- quoted, [422], [453], [454];
- [407], [427], [435], [444], [445], [446], [451], [455].
- Mathews, L. K., [338 n.], [339 n.]
- Matinicus Island, [55].
- Maverick, Samuel, the only freeman not a church member, [213], [214];
- corresponds with Clarendon on affairs in Mass., [315];
- his plans for reorganization of colonies, [315], [316], [317];
- member of Royal Commission, [330], [331];
- letters of, to Mass., [334], [335];
- advice of, as to charter of Mass., [336];
- [144].
- Mayflower, the, chartered by Pilgrims, [95] and [n.];
- Mayflower Compact, the only basis of independent civil government in Plymouth, [98];
- Mayhew, Thomas, [345].
- “May-Pole of Merry Mount,” [110], [111];
- destroyed by Endicott, [127].
- Medfield, Mass., [360].
- Medford, Mass., [140].
- Medicine-men, [22], [23].
- Mercantile Theory, discussed, [282] ff.;
- the ideal empire according to, [284], [285];
- in France, [285], [288], [289];
- British Empire most complete embodiment of ideal of, [285], [286];
- New England fails to fit into, [286] ff.;
- corollaries of, [288];
- modern view of, [290], [291];
- effect of abandonment of, by France, [291];
- [309].
- Merrimac River, [7], [104], [178], [216], [245], [324], [340], [382], [385].
- Merry Mount. See [Morton, Thomas], [Mt. Wollaston].
- Mexico, conquest of, [29].
- Miantanomo (Indian), taken prisoner by Uncas, [239];
- Middle class, growth of, [85];
- Milford, Mass., [206].
- Milton, John, Of True Religion, etc., quoted, [80];
- Minorities, rights of, and the Puritans, [73].
- Misselden, L., The Circle of Commerce, etc., quoted, [282], [283].
- Mississippi River, [3], [6], [426].
- Mohegans (Indians), [202], [204], [239].
- Monhegan Island, permanent settlement on, [108], [115];
- Montcalm, Marquis de, [54].
- Montreal, unsuccessful expedition against, [439], [440].
- Monts, Sieur de, charter granted to, by Henri IV (1603), [38], [39];
- Montserrat, [120].
- Moody, Rev. Joshua, [438], [439].
- Morell, Rev. William, [106].
- Morris, Sir E., quoted, [291].
- Morton, Nathaniel, Memorial, [97 n.]
- Morton, Thomas, with Wollaston at Mt. Wollaston, [109], [110];
- his character and “doings,” [110];
- sells fire-arms to Indians, [113], [148];
- sent back to England, [113];
- false grounds of his banishment, [148], [149];
- joins hands with Gorges, [149] and [n.];
- [97], [127], [150], [151], [156], [158].
- Moseley, Samuel, his unique brutality, [357];
- Moundeford, Sir Edward, [125].
- Mount Desert. See [St. Sauveur].
- Mount Wollaston (Quincy), Morton and Wollaston at, [109], [110];
- expedition against, [113].
- Mun, Thomas, and the Mercantile Theory, [283], and [n.]
- Murray, Gilbert, Rise of the Greek Epic, quoted, [14], [15].
- Muscovy Company, [32], [45], [46].
- Myrand, E., quoted, [440 n.]
- Nantasket, [104], [351].
- Nantucket, [345].
- Narragansett Bay, colonizing sites around, [184];
- Narragansett country, encroachments of Mass. on, [386];
- Narragansett River, [321].
- Narragansetts, challenge the Pilgrims, [103];
- and Pequots, [199], [200], [201];
- won over to colonists by Williams, [201];
- seek protection of English crown, [247];
- lands of, claimed by Mass., [250];
- and by Rhode Island, [251],
- and mortgaged to Atherton Co., [251];
- number of, [338], [339];
- forced to join colonists against Philip, [352], [353];
- colonists declare war on, [358];
- defeated at Pettisquamscott, but not annihilated, [359], [360];
- [199], [202], [204], [239], [240], [341].
- Nashobeh, [357].
- Natick, [345].
- Nationality, growth of idea of, [66].
- Naumkeag River, [104].
- Navigation Acts, [291], [292], [297], [298], [299], [301], [303], [308], [312], [313], [326], [330], [334], [366], [373], [376], [378], [381], [383], [384], [385], [387], [401], [411], [446].
- Negroes, [285].
- Neville, ——, [87].
- Nevis, island of, [119], [120], [367], [429].
- New Amsterdam, [119], [120], [187], [188].
- New England, group of colonies in, generally homogeneous, [2];
- a geographical unit, [2];
- topographical characteristics of, [4], [5];
- rivers of, [6];
- effects of exhaustion of fur-trade in, [7];
- conditions that stimulated manufacturing in, [7], [8], [9];
- economic impossibility of slavery in, [8];
- comparative value of land in, and in Southern colonies, [9];
- shipbuilding in, [9], [10];
- marked seasonal changes in, [10];
- intercolonial and foreign trade of, [10], [13];
- fishing industry, the corner-stone of prosperity of, [11];
- geographic factors in life of, [11] ff.;
- forced to find other outlets than England for her products, [12], [13];
- influence of environment on settlers in, [13];
- numbers of Indians in, [24];
- Gosnold's voyage, [36], [37];
- failure of efforts to found permanent settlements in, [38];
- the de Monts charter, [38];
- coast of, explored and mapped by Champlain, [39];
- included in territory granted to Plymouth Co., [48];
- conflicting claims to, could be settled only by force, [53];
- Smith's map and writings spread knowledge of, [58], [59];
- effort to found a state in, by self-confessed elect, [81];
- beginning of settlements on coast of, [103], [104];
- missionary work in, [345];
- genius of, never military, [349];
- second generation of settlers in, true colonials, [368];
- Lords of Trade deal with problem of, [375] ff., [379], [380];
- Randolph Collector of Customs in, [385], [386];
- vain efforts to settle problem of, [390], [391];
- seven jurisdictions in, [406];
- New York and the Jerseys united with, under Andros, [413].
- New England colonies, Plymouth men not the only founders of, [109];
- why Puritanism flourished in, [112], [113];
- comparative numbers of settlers in, and in other colonies, [120];
- Congregationalism in, [129], [130];
- Church of England services tabooed in, [130];
- church system of, and the Salem Church, [131], [132], [133];
- land-system of, [153];
- effects of frontier life and distance on relations of, with England, [208], [209],
- and on domestic concerns of, [209] ff.;
- course of, during troubles in England, [215] ff.;
- possible methods of unifying, [216];
- population of, in 1640, [221];
- economic disaster in, [221], [222];
- cessation of emigration to, [222], [223];
- threatened emigration from, [223], [224];
- confederation of, discussed, [224], [225];
- intense local feeling an obstacle, [225], [226];
- tendency toward expansion, [226];
- differing status of, in proposed confederation, [227], [228];
- unification of, meant absorption by Mass., [246];
- parts of a complex system, [278];
- not independent states, [278], [279], [292];
- and the Mercantile Theory, [286] ff.;
- trade relations of, with England, etc., [286], [287];
- considerately treated by England, [300], [301];
- foreign commerce of, [312];
- and the Navigation Acts, [312], [313];
- situation of, how changed by Restoration, [317];
- Maverick's plan for reorganization of, [315], [316];
- native-born colonials in, [316], [317];
- boundary disputes in, [325];
- objects of suspicion in England, [326];
- economic welfare of, bound up with that of the Empire, [326], [327];
- growth of, 1660 to 1675, [338] and [n.];
- settled area of, in 1675, [339];
- laws of, concerning dealings with Indians, [341], [343];
- effects of jealousy among, in war-time, [350];
- difficulty of raising troops, [350], [351];
- treatment of Indian captives by, [362];
- losses of, in Philip's War, [362], [363];
- result of the war on public sentiment in, [363];
- characteristics of religious element in, [368],
- impoverishment of intellectual life in, [371], [372];
- rise of new parties in, [372], [373];
- evasion of Navigation Acts by, [376];
- trade practices of, [379], [380];
- plans for general government of, [406], [407];
- saved from Col. Kirke, [407] and [n.];
- temporary government of Dudley a step toward consolidation of, [409];
- omission of popular assembly a blunder, [409], [410], [411], [414];
- further steps toward consolidation, [412], [413];
- under Andros, [413] ff.;
- law-making power, where vested, [414], [415];
- functions of the Council, [414] ff.;
- question of land-titles in, [416];
- dearth of lawyers and legal knowledge in, [417];
- legal questions referred to clergy, [417];
- equalizing of economic status in, [419];
- new government of, pledged to allow liberty of conscience, [420] ff.;
- taxation in, under Andros, [424], [425];
- surpassed by other colonies in population and volume of trade, [445] and [n.];
- witchcraft delusion in, [451-456].
- New England Company, settlement at Salem under first charter, [126] and [n.];
- New England conscience, first consignment of, arrives on Mayflower, [97];
- New England town, origin of, [152];
- “New England Way,” in religion, [121], [254].
- New Englanders, early, certain convictions of, [9];
- New Hampshire, thinly settled, [5];
- settlers in, [120];
- Mason's share of province of Maine, [178];
- growth of population in, [183], [224];
- no settled government in, [216];
- claims of Mass. to territory of, [216], [217];
- absorbed by Mass., [228];
- conditions in, under Mass., [317];
- Mason's title to, confirmed, [324], [325], [376];
- Mass. reasserts her claim to, [335];
- Randolph in, [379];
- Mass. ordered to withdraw from government of, which is vested in Crown, [389];
- new government of, the first royal government in New England, [399] ff.;
- complications caused by Mason title to, [399] ff.;
- breakdown of attempt to govern by local officials, [401];
- form of government modified, [402];
- Cranfield as governor of, [402] ff.;
- Dudley governor of, [408], [409];
- Indian depredations in, [437];
- given separate government in new dispensation, [449], [450 n.];
- [215], [243], [339], [361].
- New Harbor (Pemaquid), settlement at, [109].
- New Haven, settled, [206];
- founders of, [206];
- reactionary provisions of fundamental agreement, [208];
- absorbed by Connecticut, [208];
- financial condition of, [221];
- and the Dutch, [236], [237];
- savage laws against Quakers in, [268];
- Sylvester's complaint against, [314], [315] and [n.];
- wiped out by Connecticut charter, [318];
- element in, disaffected to theocracy, [319], [320];
- Indian attacks on, [427];
- [209], [215], [226], [227], [234], [235].
- New Jersey, religious freedom in, [276];
- united to New England under Andros, [413].
- New Netherland, acquisition of, by English, [312], [315], [316], [330];
- New Testament, the, in Puritan theology, [82].
- New York, cost of carriage of merchandise in, [7];
- Nicolls first Governor of, [330];
- English authority established at, [336];
- united to New England under Andros, [413];
- [439].
- Newburyport, [104].
- Newcastle, Duke of, [389], [413].
- Newfoundland, fisheries of, [28], [285];
- Newfoundland Company, [46].
- Newport, settled, [185];
- Newton, Isaac, [371], [453].
- Newtown, elections removed to, from Boston, [169];
- Nicolls, Richard, first Governor of New York, [330];
- Nipmucks, destroy Brookfield, [354].
- “No taxation without representation,” [302], [303], [387], [388], [449].
- Noddle's Island, settlement on, [109].
- Noell, Martin, [296], [297 n.]
- Non-church members, in New England, [144], [145], [212-214], [262].
- Nonconformist, and Puritan, [65], [66].
- North America, three contestants for empire in, [28], [29], [41] ff.
- North and South Virginia Companies, [46].
- Northampton, Mass., [360].
- Northfield, Mass., destroyed by Indians, [354], [355];
- Northwest Passage Company, [46].
- Norton, Rev. John, as Puritan leader, [258], [259];
- Norwalk, Conn., [206].
- Norwich, England, [123].
- Nottingham, Earl of, [455].
- Nova Scotia. See [Acadia], [Port Royal].
- Nowell, Increase, [128].
- Nowell, Samuel, appointed agent of Mass., [390].
- Noyes, Rev. Nicholas, [454].