FLAKING: Shallow, broad, random flaking was used to shape the blade and stem. Short, fairly deep flakes were removed to shape and finish the blade and to form fine regular serrations. These were flaked alternately from opposite faces, making the short serration projections rather sharp. The sides of the hafting area are usually steeply flaked to form an expanded stem. The basal edge is usually thinned by the removal of broad shallow flakes, but may be rather steeply flaked.
COMMENTS: The type was named from Russell Cave in Jackson County, Alabama, where the seven cotypes were recovered from lower G layer. This was the deepest excavated layer and produced three radiocarbon dates: Level 17, 7565 ±250 years B. P.; Level 20, 8095 ±275 and 8435 ±275 years B. P. These dates place the type in early Archaic at this site. Distribution of the type is not known.
SAND MOUNTAIN, Cambron (This paper): A-119
GENERAL DESCRIPTION: This is a small, serrated, triangular point with an incurvate base.
MEASUREMENTS: Six cotypes from the Jones Bluff Reservoir in Lowndes County, Alabama, provided the following measurements and traits: length—maximum, 27 mm.; minimum, 21 mm.; average, 24 mm.: width at base—maximum, 15 mm.; minimum, 13 mm.; average, 14 mm.: thickness—maximum, 7 mm.; minimum, 3 mm.; average, 5 mm.: basal concavity—maximum 4 mm.; minimum, 1 mm.; average, 2 mm.
FORM: The cross-section is usually biconvex—rarely, flattened. The blade is usually straight, but may be slightly incurvate or excurvate. Blade edges are serrated. The distal end is usually acute but may be acuminate. The base is incurvate and may be expanded.
FLAKING: The point displays random flaking which is usually broad and fairly deep. The serrations are the result of the removal of regular flakes from the edge of alternate faces. The basal edge was thinned by removal of shallow flakes. Local materials, generally quartzites, were used.
COMMENTS: The point is named from sites on Sand Mountain in North Alabama where the type was first recognized. The illustrated example was recovered from Hulse site 39 near Decatur, Alabama. No examples were recognized from the control sites in the Tennessee Valley. Examples from Sites Lo 32 and Lo 13 in Jones Bluff Reservoir, Lowndes County, Alabama, were recovered from Levels 1 and 2 in association with Weeden Island pottery. This suggests an Early Mississippian association at these sites. In Autauga County, Alabama, examples were found in association with Autauga Check Stamped, McLeod Check Stamped and Wright Check Stamped pottery. This suggests a late Woodland association in this area. At Site Dk-101 in DeKalb County, Alabama, three examples were recovered from Level 1 and two from Level 3. This suggests a late Woodland and Mississippian association at this site. The type seems to have appeared in late Woodland times and lasted into Mississippian times.