[761] “Après la déclaration que seigneurs ont envoyée en Espagne des deniers qu’ils y ont demandez, ils ne voyant pas qu’on se haste beaucoup de leur respondre.”—Ibid.
[762] Nég. Tosc., III, 492.
[763] Papiers d’état du cardinal de Granvelle, VI, 620, September 13, 1563. It is interesting to observe the objections of Margaret of Parma and Granvella. According to the former, “l’impossibilité de donner secours au roi de France était notoire, à moins qu’on ne voulût la perte et la ruine totale des Pays-Bas.”—Gachard, Philippe II et les Pays-Bas, I, 211; Margaret to Philip, August 6, from Brussels. The latter deplores the reduction of the forces of the country because “les ligues et confédérations (c’est ainsi qu’on les appelle) formées contre lui, continuent.”—Ibid., August 6, 1562. Three future patriots of the Netherlands were in this session of the Council of State—William of Orange, Egmont and Hoorne. Cf. Gachard’s note.
[764] La Popelinière, Book viii, 499; Rel. vén. II, 99.
[765] “Cependant la ligue ne s’est pas renfermée dans l’enceinte de Paris. Paris, qui l’avait incertaine et hesitante encore, la renvoya aux provinces, toute brûlante et toute armée. Elle s’associa à leur intérêts, réfléta leur passions et leur caractère, feroce en Languedoc, durement obstinée en Bretagne, partout modifiée dans sa nature et sa durée par la politique locale des municipalités.”—Ouvré, Essai sur l’histoire de la ligue à Poitiers (1855), 6.
[766] Ranke, Civil Wars and Monarchy in France, 226, notices this contrast between the north and the south.
[767] This local organization did not seem strong enough for Montluc, whose activity against the Protestants in 1562 was already notable and who was suspicious lest some Huguenots might creep into the body and betray it; so the power was taken out of the hands of the jurats of the city at his suggestion and vested in the hands of Tilladet, governor of Bordeaux, who also had possession of the keys of the city. This proceeding was destined to be revolutionary in the development of the municipality. The jurats pleaded their ancient privileges, which were as old as the English domination, which Louis XI had confirmed after the wars of the English in France were over. But the parlement of Bordeaux approved the change and thus the form of government of the greatest city of the Gironde was altered by stress of circumstances (O’Reilly, Hist. de Bordeaux, II, 241-44; Montluc, Lettres et commentaires, IV, 214, note). Cf. Gaullieur, Histoire de la réformation à Bordeaux et dans le ressort du parlement de Guyenne. Tome I, “Les origines et la première guerre de religion jusqu’à la paix d’Amboise” (1523-63), Paris, 1848.
[768] “Tellement que les pauvres fidèles trembloyent dans Aix et plusieurs firent constraints de s’enfuyr.”—Mém. de. Condé, IV, 240. At p. 278 is an account of the formation of this league. Cf. Discours véritable des guerre et troubles advenus au Pays de Provence en l’an 1562.
[769] This was Henri Damville, the second son of the constable Montmorency.
[770] This association, in the words of D’Aubigné, was the “prototype et premier example de toutes les ligues qui ont despuis paru en France.”—Vol. II, 137. Extended accounts of its origin may be found in the Annales de Toulouse, II, 62 ff.; De Thou, IV, Book XXXIV, 496, 497; La Popelinière, Book VIII, 602, gives the text of the compact, which shows the financial measures adopted in the support of the league; Lettres et commentaires de Montluc, ed. De Ruble, II, 398; Hist. du Languedoc, V, 249 ff. Protestant accounts are in Beza, Book X; D’Aubigné, III, chap, xviii.