2. The Per´sian Gulf, south of the Cas´pi-an, on the southeast.
3. The Red Sea, on the southwest (Exod. 15. 4; Num. 33. 10; 1 Kings 9. 26).
4. The Med-i-ter-ra´ne-an Sea, on the central west. Note its names in Josh. 1. 4 and Deut. 34. 2.
5. The Dead Sea, north of the eastern arm of the Red Sea (Gen. 14. 3; Deut. 4. 49; Joel 2. 20; Ezek. 47. 18).
6. Lake Chin´ne-reth (ch pronounced as k), the name in the Old Testament for the Sea of Gal´i-lee (Num. 34. 11; Josh. 13. 27).
III. Next we indicate the Mountain Ranges, most of which, though important as boundaries, are not named in the Bible.
1. We find the nucleus of the mountain system in Mount Ar´a-rat, a range in the central north (Gen. 8. 4). From this great range three great rivers rise and four mountain chains branch forth.
2. The Cas´pi-an Range extends from Ar´a-rat eastward around the southern shore of the Cas´pi-an Sea.
3. The Za´gros Range extends from Ar´a-rat southeasterly to the Per´sian Gulf, which it follows on the eastern border.