Outline Studies in the Old Testament for Bible Teachers

by Jesse Lyman Hurlbut

4. The Leb´a-non Range extends from Ar´a-rat in a southwesterly direction toward the Red Sea. Mount Her´mon, the mountain region of Pal´es-tine, Mount Se´ir, on the south of the Dead Sea, and even Mount Si´nai, all belong to this chain (Deut. 3. 25; Josh. 13. 5; 1 Kings 5. 6).

5. The Tau´rus Range, from Ar´a-rat westward, following the northern shore of the Med-i-ter-ra´ne-an.

IV. The Rivers, for the most part, follow the lines of the mountain ranges.

1. The A-rax´es, from Ar´a-rat eastward into the Cas´pi-an Sea, may be taken as the northern boundary of the Old Testament world.

2. The Ti´gris, called in the Bible Hid´de-kel, flows from Ar´a-rat, on the southwestern slope of the Za´gros mountains, in a southeasterly direction into the Per´sian Gulf (Gen. 2. 14; Dan. 10. 4).

3. The Eu-phra´tes, the great river of the Bible world, rises on the northern slope of Ar´a-rat, flows westward to the Tau´rus, then southward, following Leb´a-non, then southeasterly through the great plain, and finally unites with the Ti´gris (Gen. 2. 14; 15. 18; Josh. 1. 4; 24. 2).

4. The Jor´dan flows between two parallel chains of the Leb´a-non range southward into the Dead Sea (Gen. 13. 10; Num. 22. 1; Judg. 8. 4).

5. The Nile, in Af´ri-ca, flows northward into the Med-i-ter-ra´ne-an Sea (Gen. 41. 1; Exod. 2. 2).

V. The Old Testament world has three Natural Divisions, somewhat analogous to those of the United States.

1. The Eastern Slope, from the Za´gros mountains eastward to the great desert.