Distributive Justice: The Right and Wrong of Our Present Distribution of Wealth

by John A. Ryan

• Saint-Simon: [342].
• Sacrifice: principle of in taxation, [131], [297];
  • as a title to interest, [185-188];
  • as a title of reward, [383-385].
• Savers: three kinds of, [183-185].
• Scarcity: effect of on rewards of productive agents, [80];
  • as a canon of distributive justice, [250], [251];
  • as justifying very large profits, and more than a living wage, [255-258].
• Schmoller: [253].
• Schoolmen: doctrines of on wage justice, [333-336].
• Seligman, E. R. A.: [101], [296], [297].
• Service: as a title to interest, [181], [182], [204], [205].
• Shifting: of land taxes, [102], [103].
• Sidgwick, H.: [329].
• Single Tax: injustice of, [33-39], [100];
  • proposals and defects of, [51], [54], [108].
• Skelton, O. D.: [165].
• Small, A. W.: [171].
• Social benefits: of special taxes on land, [127-130].
• Socialism: as regards land, [49], [51];
  • not inevitable, [153];
  • expropriation of capitalists by, [154-158];
  • inefficiency of, [158-168];
  • hostile to individual liberty, [168-170];
  • not co-operation, [230], [231].
• Socialists: on private landownership, [19-21];
  • on interest, value, and labour, [145-148];
  • on the collectivist State, [152], [153];
  • on morality of profits, [254];
  • on wage justice, [341-347];
  • on the principle of needs, [356].
• Socialist party: of the United States, on landownership, [51].
• Spargo, John: [51].
• Specific productivity: as a measure of wage justice, [347-351].
• Speculation: effect of on land values, [92], [93], [103].
• Spencer, Herbert: [23].
• Standard Oil Company: [76], [263], [267].
• State, the: should permit interest, [199-201];
  • power of to create property rights, [202-204];
  • not obliged to guarantee living profits, [259];
  • fixing of maximum prices by, [275-278];
  • and the "innocent" investor, [286], [287];
  • and the prevention of stockwatering, [289], [290];
  • and the limitation of fortunes, [291-302];
  • and payment of living wages, [365];
  • and minimum wage, [407], [408], [420-423];
  • and other labour legislation, [416], [417].
• Stockholders: claim of to surplus gains, [257], [258], [262];
  • as related to stockwatering, [279-281], [285].
• Stockwatering: moral aspect of, [279-290];
  • definition of, [280];
  • injurious effects of, [281-286] and the "innocent" investor, [286], [287];
  • magnitude of, [288], [289];
  • prevention of, [289], [290].
• Stores: co-operation in, [220-222].
• Superfluous wealth: duty of distributing, [303-319];
  • kinds of, [308], [309];
  • a false conception of, [314-316];
  • true conception of, [318], [319].
  • See Wealth.
• Supertax: on large landed estates, [130-132].
• Supply and demand: as determining rent, [80];
  • as determining interest, [143], [144].

• Taussig, F. W.: [198], [214], [282], [289], [290];
  • on minimum wage, [412-416].
• Tawney, R. H.: [421].
• Taxation: as a social instrument, [101], [102];
  • of increases in land value, [102-117];
  • faculty theory of, [107], [108];
  • progressive, as a method of limiting fortunes, [296-302].
• Taxes: shifting of to land, [117-130];
  • social benefits of, [127-130].
• Tenant: claim of to rent, [69-71].
• Theologians: on private landownership, [62-64];
  • on interest, [172-176], [202-204];
  • on civil creation of property rights, [202];
  • on duty of benevolent distribution, [308], [309].
• Thompson, W.: [341].

• Undertaker: See Business man.
• United States: special land taxes in, [119];
  • co-operation in, [218], [263];
  • minimum wage in, [401], [403-407].
• United States Commissioner of Corporations, reports of: on Standard Oil Company, [76], [263], [267], [268], [272];
  • on Steel Corporation, [79], [89], [263], [267], [285];
  • on water power ownership, [79], [95];
  • on the lumber industry, [85], [89], [94], [132];
  • on American Tobacco Company, [263], [267], [288];
  • on American Sugar Refining Company, [267], [272], [289].
• United States Shipbuilding Company: [288], [289].
• United States Steel Corporation: [79], [89], [267], [285], [289].
• Use: right, as a confirmatory justification of interest taking, [206-208].

• Value: Marxian theory of, [145-148], [333], [343], [344];
  • relation of to wage justice, [330-340];
  • and to a living wage, [370], [375].
• Van Hise, C. R.: [266], [267], [277], [278], [288].

• Wage justice: unacceptable theories of, [323-355];
  • prevailing rate theory, [323-325];
  • exchange equivalence theory, [326-340];
  • productivity theories, [341-355];
  • the minimum of, [356-380];
  • problem of complete, [381-399];
  • claims of different labour groups, [381-387];
  • wages versus profits, [388-390];
  • wages versus interest, [390-393];
  • wages versus prices, [393-399].
• Wages: versus profits, [388-390];
  • "equitable minimum" of, [388];
  • versus interest, [390-393];
  • versus prices, [393-399];
  • methods of increasing, [400-425];
  • legal minimum, [400-416];
  • other legislation for, [416], [417];
  • labour unions, [417-423];
  • co-operative enterprise, [423-425].
• Wagner, A.: [342].
• Watered stock: [279-290]. See Stockwatering.
• Water power: in the United States, [79], [95].
• Wealth, superfluous: duty of distributing, [303-319];
  • as regards a part, [303-307];
  • as regards the whole, [308-314];
  • a duty of charity or of justice, [305-307];
  • the supply of capital and business ability, [311-313];
  • false and true conceptions of, [314-316].
• Welfare: a false conception of, [314-316];
  • true conception of, [316-318];
  • social, demands a living wage for all, [376], [377].
  • See Human welfare.
• Whittaker, Sir Thomas: [10], [14], [28].
• Wicker, G. R.: [350], [351].
• Williams, A.: [232].
• Wolman, L.: [417], [418].
• Women: right of to a living wage, [373].

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