Страница - 71Страница - 73- Dallas, Alexander J., his career compared to that of Gallatin, [28], [58];
- his parentage, [58]
- secretary of state for Pennsylvania, [58]
- friendship with Gallatin, [58]
- excursion with Gallatin, [58], [59]
- describes to Gallatin his experiences with militia in suppressing Whiskey Rebellion, [92]
- follows Gallatin's loan policy, [215]
- regrets absence of internal taxes, [236]
- proposes a national bank, [265]
- resigns, [266]
- Dallas, Mrs. A. J., on excursion with her husband and Gallatin, [58], [59]
- Dallas, George M., accompanies Gallatin to Europe, [301];
- sent to London, his instructions, [310]
- informs Gallatin of English offer to treat directly, [311]
- takes dispatch to Monroe, [318]
- Davis, Garrett, letter of Gallatin to, on manifest destiny, [352]
- Davis, Matthew L., quarrel between Jefferson and Burr over his appointment, [282]
- Dawson, John, on Sedition Law, [162]
- Dayton, Jonathan, elected speaker of House by Democrats, [98];
- anti-British in feeling, [104]
- not influenced by connection with Burr, [104]
- reëlected speaker, [132]
- introduces resolution on Adams's message, [134]
- joins Federalists after X Y Z affair, [149]
- refuses to answer Gallatin, [153]
- vote of thanks to, [158]
- Debt, public, payment by public lands urged by Gallatin, [122];
- its permanence condemned by Gallatin, [126]
- controversy between Gallatin and Smith as to increase of, [126]
- attempt of Continental Congress to investigate, [171]
- attempts of Morris to secure its funding, [172], [173]
- funded by Hamilton, [174], [175]
- increased under Wolcott, [178]
- creation of domestic loans, [178]
- Gallatin's subdivision of, [184], [185]
- its extinction Gallatin's main desire, [186], [188] [198], [203] [208]
- stated by Gallatin in 1801-[2], [191]
- plan for its discharging, [191]
- actual reduction of, [192]
- increased through Louisiana purchase, [192], [193] [195]
- new funds, [195], [196]
- funding of debt in 1807, [198]
- statement regarding, in 1808, [202]
- its increase during war foreseen by Gallatin, [203]
- reduction in 1812, [205]
- loan of 1812, [209]
- declines below par, [210]
- revives, [211]
- loan of twenty-one millions, [212]
- increase in 1816, [215]
- Gallatin's policy toward, continued by Dallas and Crawford, [215]
- eventually extinguished, [215], [269], [271]
- absence regretted by Woodbury, [271]
- De Fersen, his correspondence proves guilt of Louis XVI., [57]
- De Lolme, ----, school companion of Gallatin, [5]
- Democratic party. See Republican party especially, [358]-[360]
- De Neuville, Hyde, French minister, demands dismissal of insolent postmaster, [333];
- negotiates commercial convention with Adams, [340]
- De Rham, ----, member of “The Club,” [367]
- Dexter, Samuel, succeeds Wolcott in Treasury Department, [177];
- consents to hold over until appointment of successor, [181]
- Diplomatic history, mission of Genet to United States, [57], [102];
- Jay's treaty with England, [102], [103] [117]
- Fauchet's dealings with Randolph, [103]
- Wayne's treaty with Indians, [117]
- Pinckney's treaty with Spain, [117]
- expulsion of Pinckney from France, [132]
- X Y Z affair and consequences, [149], [152] [153]
- events leading up to war of 1812, [295]
- offer of Russia to mediate, [299]
- mission of Gallatin, Bayard, and Adams to Russia, [301], [303]
- correspondence of Gallatin with Baring, [305]-[307], [309]
- renewed offers by Russia, [308]
- again refused by England, [311]
- offer of England to treat directly, [311]
- appointment of a new commission, [312]
- place of negotiation, [314]
- futile appeal of Lafayette to Emperor to mediate, [315], [316]
- appointment of English commissioners, [316]
- exorbitant English demands, [317]
- suspension of negotiations, [318]
- alteration of British tone, [319]
- resumption of negotiations and refusal by Americans of English demands, [319]
- further English demands for cession of territory refused, [321]
- discussion over boundaries, fisheries, and Mississippi navigation, [322], [323]
- these points abandoned, [323]
- article against slave trade adopted, [323]
- conclusion of treaty, [324]
- part played by Gallatin, [324], [325]
- commercial convention with England, [326], [327]
- mission of Gallatin to France, [330]-[341]
- negotiations over French captures under Berlin and Milan decrees, [332], [333]
- over an impudent postmaster, [333]
- negotiations with Holland, [334]
- commercial convention with England, [334], [335]
- negotiations with France over Apollon case, [338]
- commercial convention with France, [340]
- failure to settle American claims, [341]
- Gallatin's mission to England, [343]-[347]
- instructions, [343]
- negotiations with Canning, [345], [346]
- conclusion of convention with Goderich's ministry, [347]
- Ashburton treaty negotiations, [349], [350]
- Disunion, threatened in 1795, [116];
- planned by New England in 1812, [213]
- Duane, William, intimate with Jefferson, [286];
- abuses Gallatin in “Aurora,” [286] [297]
- appointed adjutant-general by Madison, [299]
- Duby, ----, takes shares in Gallatin's land scheme, [361]
- Dumont, Etienne, college friend of Gallatin, his subsequent career, [5];
- Gallatin's opinion of, [5]
- invited by Gallatin to come to America, [26]
- on shape of Gallatin's head, [389]
- Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, friend of Gallatin, his philological studies upon Indians, [376], [377]
- D'Yvernois, proposes to transport University of Geneva to United States, [291];
- receives shares in Gallatin's land scheme, [362]
- Edgar, James, on committee of whiskey insurgents to confer with United
- States commissioners, [81]
- supports Gallatin, [82]
- presides over last meeting at Parkinson's Ferry, [89]
- Elliott, ----, on controversy between Wolcott and Gallatin, as to surplus, [190], [191]
- Ellsworth, Oliver, on committee to consider Gallatin's eligibility to Senate, [61]
- Embargo, opposed by Gallatin, [201];
- Emlen, George, at free trade convention in 1831, [241]
- England, anger against, at time of Jay treaty, [103];
- renews provision order, [103]
- danger of war with, [116], [118], [120]
- hard pressed by France in 1797, [139]
- its friendship more dangerous than France's enmity, [163]
- adopts Orders in Council, [201], [225]
- commercial policy toward United States, [224], [225] [295]
- danger of war with, [224], [229]
- Madison's preference for, [295]
- events leading up to war with, [295], [296]
- mistaken view of Gallatin concerning its diplomacy, [304]
- unwilling to tolerate Russian mediation, [304], [306] [311]
- its policy explained by Baring, [306], [307]
- offers to treat directly, [311]
- willing to push on war after fall of Napoleon, [313], [316]
- hopes to divide United States, [313]
- appoints commissioners, [316]
- makes exorbitant demands, [317]
- its policy modified by Castlereagh, [319]
- demands cession of territory, [321]
- loses interest in war, [322]
- rejects article on impressment, [322]
- negotiation of convention with, in 1815, [334], [335]
- at Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, [337]
- mission of Gallatin to, [343]-[347]
- complains of tone of American diplomacy, [344], [345]
- negotiations with, [345], [346]
- agrees to renew commercial convention, [347]
- refuses to negotiate on impressment, [347]
- makes Ashburton treaty, [349], [350]
- Eppes, John W., letter of Gallatin to, on public lands, [239]
- Erskine, D. M., his negotiations, [295]
- Etsko, ----, Polish refugee, helped by Gallatin, [372]
- Eustis, William, advised by Gallatin concerning treaty with Netherlands, [333], [334]
- Ewbank, ----, member of Ethnological Society, [379]
- Excise (see Whiskey Insurrection), recommended by Hamilton, [175]
- Fauchet, his dealings with Randolph, [103];
- condemned by Federalists, [134]
- Fayette County, settlement of Gallatin, [22], [26] [27];
- life in, [28], [43], [67]
- elects Gallatin to legislature, [44]
- in Whiskey Insurrection, [49], [51] [52], [68] [78], [85] [96]
- reëlects Gallatin, [93], [95]
- visited by Lafayette, [365]
- Fazzi, ----, takes share in Gallatin's land scheme, [361]
- Federalist party, its origin, [57];
- prejudiced against Gallatin by his resolution demanding information from Hamilton, [64], [65]
- opposes his election to Congress, [95]
- reconstructs cabinet, [97], [98]
- its leaders in House, [98], [99]
- attitude toward France and England, [100], [101]
- charged with being bribed by England, [103]
- in debate on appropriating power, [108], [109]
- in debate on treaty power, [111]-[115]
- defends Jay treaty, [118]
- strengthened in fourth Congress, [128]
- retains nominal majority in fifth Congress, [133]
- in debate on French relations, [134]-[136]
- in debate on checks on executive, [143]-[147]
- strengthened by X Y Z affair, [149]
- commits mistakes, [151], [152]
- its badge, [153]
- controls sixth Congress, [158]
- refuses to repeal Sedition Law, [159]
- defeated in 1800, [163]
- forced to choose between Burr and Jefferson, [164]
- bargain with Jefferson, [164]
- its possible plans for defeating any choice, [165]
- and for nominating a president pro tempore, [165]
- allows Jefferson's election, [166], [167]
- its share in building country, [169]
- breach in, [177]
- enjoys Republican inconsistency, [237]
- monopolizes offices, [280]
- extinguished by battle of New Orleans, [358]
- Few, William, connected by marriage with Gallatin, [59]
- Finances, efforts of Gallatin to secure minute supervision of by Congress, [64], [106] [107];
- efforts to establish permanent appropriations, [107]
- appropriations, power of Congress over, [108], [109]
- their necessity to successful government, [170]
- finances of the Revolution under Morris, [170]-[174]
- under treasury board, [173], [174]
- under Hamilton, [174]-[176]
- under Wolcott, [176]-[178]
- under Gallatin, [186]-[215]
- sketch of, by Gallatin, [184]
- “View of,” by Gallatin, [185]
- preliminary sketch on Gallatin's assuming office, [186]
- estimate of sources of wealth, [187]
- estimate for 1801, [190]
- denial of a surplus, [190], [191]
- plan for discharging debt, [191], [192]
- its execution, [192], [194]
- report for 1803 on reduction of debt, [195]
- Louisiana purchase, [193], [195]
- place of payment of principal and interest, [195], [196]
- addition to sinking fund, [196]
- report for first four years, [197]
- estimates of revenue for Jefferson's second term, [198]
- conversion of debt, [198]
- full treasury in 1807, [198]
- Gallatin's consideration of military value of surplus, [199]
- on war revenue, [200], [201]
- effect of embargo, [201]
- sources of revenue, [204]
- deficiency in 1809, [204]
- report of 1811, [205]
- demand of Gallatin for internal revenue, [206]
- war estimates, [206]-[209]
- including “treasury notes,” [207] [210]
- loan of 1812, [209]
- estimates for 1812, [210]
- report for 1812, [211]
- success of loan, [210], [211]
- report of loan of twenty-one millions, [212]
- stock not taken by New England and Southern States, [213]
- saved by Parish, Girard, and Astor, [213], [214]
- review of Gallatin's influence, [215]-[216]
- table of revenue and expenditure, [217]
- revenue established by Hamilton, [217]
- its character, [218]
- and amount, [219]
- permanent estimate of, [220]
- internal revenue retained by Gallatin, [220]
- his proposed expenditures, [220]
- repeal of internal revenue, [221]
- increased income, [221]
- establishment of Mediterranean fund, [222]
- income during Jefferson's first term, [223]
- increased estimates of Gallatin, [223]
- internal improvements planned, [224]
- doubling of duties recommended as a war measure, [225]
- effect of embargo on revenue, [225], [227]
- review of revenue during Jefferson's administrations, [226], [227]
- surplus in 1808, [226]
- internal improvements advocated by Jefferson, [226], [227]
- estimates of receipts for 1809, [228]
- report of Gallatin to Congress on need for new revenues, [229]
- vagueness of Madison concerning, [229], [230]
- report for 1809, [230]
- refusal of Congress to re-charter bank, [231]
- report for 1810, [231]
- report of Gallatin in January, 1812, [232]
- proposal to impose internal taxes, [234]
- increased war duties, [234]
- war budget for 1813, [235]
- internal taxes, their history, [235]
- reimposed by Congress, [236]
- receipts from, [237]
- public lands, receipts from, [238], [239]
- administration of Treasury under Gallatin, [244]-[246]
- history of Bank of North America, [248]-[250]
- of Bank of United States, [250]-[255]
- panic of 1815, [262]-[264]
- second United States Bank, [265]-[268]
- resumption of specie payment, [267]
- report of Gallatin on ratio of gold and silver, [268]
- “Considerations on Currency and Banking,” [268]
- diminution of debt in 1832, [269]
- removal of deposits from Bank of United States, [269], [270]
- extinction of debt by Woodbury, [270], [271]
- distribution of surplus among States, [271]
- inflation in 1836, [272]
- panic of 1837, [272], [273]
- Findley, James, in Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention, [43];
- represents Fayette County in legislature, [44]
- Findley, William, describes Whiskey Insurrection, [71];
- at Parkinson's Ferry meeting, [78]
- describes Gallatin's speech, [83]
- on threats of secession, [86]
- takes resolutions to Washington urging him to stop march of troops, [89]
- describes seizure of prisoners, [90]
- Fish, Preserved, at free trade convention in 1831, [241]
- Fisheries, discussed in treaty of Ghent, [322], [323];
- unfavorable settlement of question in 1818, [335]
- Florida, question of its annexation, [285]
- Forsyth, John, asks Gallatin's advice as to Smithson's bequest, [378]
- Fox, C. J., his precocity compared to Gallatin's, [32]
- France, sympathy of Republicans for, [116];
- sends tricolor to Congress, [130]
- its policy in Revolution, [131]
- situation in 1796, [131]
- endeavors to get aid of United States, [131]
- determines to coerce it, [132]
- refuses to receive Pinckney, [132]
- policy of Adams toward, [137]
- success in 1797, [139]
- danger of war with, in 1798, [147]
- question of war with, debated in Congress, [148]-[151]
- non-intercourse with, [151], [159], [160]
- adopts conciliatory measures, [160]
- commercial convention with, [162]
- adopts Milan decree, [229]
- mission of Gallatin to, [331]-[341]
- refuses to pay for seizures under Berlin and Milan decrees, [333]
- urges peace with Spain, [336]
- offers to mediate with United States between Spain and her colonies, [336]
- conduct at Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, [337]
- Apollon case, [338]
- commercial convention with, [340]
- fails to settle claims, [340], [341]
- Revolution of 1830 in, [370], [371], [372]
- Franklin, Benjamin, gives Gallatin letter to Richard Bache, [11];
- compared to Gallatin, [389]
- Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, friend of Madame Voltaire, [7];
- sends her a portrait, [7]
- sells troops to England in American war, [8]
- called a tyrant by Gallatin, [8]
- Free trade, advocated by Gallatin, [240];
- French Revolution, premonitions of, in Europe, [6];
- Gallatin, Abraham, grandfather of Albert, [2];
- lives at Pregny, [7]
- friend of Voltaire, [7]
- Gallatin, Albert, his place in United States history, [1];
- birth and ancestry, [2]
- adopted by Mlle. Pictet, [2]
- his schooling and home training, [2], [3]
- benefits from cosmopolitan society of Geneva, [4]
- academic friendships, [4], [5]
- restless, although not ambitious, [5]
- discontented with political conditions, [6]
- visits Voltaire, [7], [8]
- refuses offer of commission in Hessian service, [8]
- quarrels with grandmother, [8]
- plans to find freedom in America, [9], [10]
- leaves Geneva secretly, [9]
- plans to rise by land speculation and commerce, [10]
- at Nantes receives letters from family, [10], [11]
- relations with guardian, [11]
- invests money in tea, [12]
- voyage to Boston, [12]
- finds difficulty in selling tea, [12]
- finds Boston bigoted and unfriendly, [13]
- his walk to Blue Hill, [13]
- encounter with inquisitive landlord, [13], [14]
- persuaded by Madame De Lesdernier, makes trading voyage to Machias, [14]
- frontier life there, [15], [16]
- commands earthwork at Passamaquoddy, [16]
- meets La Pérouse, [16]
- returns to Boston and teaches French, [17]
- recommended by Mlle. Pictet to Dr. Cooper, [17]
- teaches French successfully in Harvard College, [17], [18]
- glad to leave Boston at conclusion of war, [18]
- visits New York, [18]
- meets Savary, [19]
- dissolves partnership with Serre, [19]
- meets Pelatiah Webster at Philadelphia, [19]
- accompanies Savary to Richmond, [19]
- decides definitely not to return to Geneva, [20]
- joins Savary in land speculations in West Virginia, [20], [21]
- his aversion to debt, [21]
- returns to Philadelphia and leads exploring party down Ohio, [21]
- at George's Creek builds log-house and opens store, [22]
- encounters Washington, [22]
- declines Washington's offer to become land agent, [23]
- enjoys a winter in Richmond society, [23]
- his gratitude for hospitality and kindness, [24]
- commissioned by Henry, locates lands in Western Virginia, [24]
- interrupted by Indian troubles, [24]
- takes oath of allegiance to Virginia, [25]
- invites Badollet to join him from Geneva, [25], [26]
- purchases Friendship Hill, [26]
- rumor of his death causes inquiries from Geneva, [27]
- attains majority and calls for property, [28]
- difficulties of his life on frontier, [28]
- not to be blamed for his choice of location, [28], [29]
- offered place in office by Marshall, [29]
- advised by Patrick Henry to begin in West, [29]
- visits Richmond and Philadelphia, [29]
- journey to Maine, [29], [30]
- kindness towards Lesdernier, [30]
- marries Sophie Allègre, her sudden death, [30]
- disheartened, wishes to abandon Western lands, [30], [31]
- his maturity in political thought, [32]
- early an advocate of democracy, [32], [33]
- probably dislikes the Federal Constitution, [34], [36]
- an opponent of centralization, [34]
- influences arguments of Smilie in Pennsylvania ratifying convention, [36]
- represents Fayette County at convention of anti-Federalists, [37]
- friendship with Smilie, [38]
- drafts resolutions providing for vigorous organization against Constitution, [38], [39]
- In Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention.
- Elected a delegate from Fayette County, [40]
- his opposition to alteration of form of government, [41]
- advocates enlarged popular representation, manhood suffrage, easy naturalization, [42]
- takes minor part in convention, his high opinion of its ability, [42], [43]
- after convention, falls into melancholy, [43]
- wishes to leave America, [43]
- reproached by Genevese friends with indolence, [43], [44]
- In Pennsylvania Legislature.
- Elected to represent Fayette County, [44]
- describes his legislative career, [45]-[47]
- his influence and activity, [45]
- advocates improved education, [45]
- supports turnpike, [45]
- gains reputation by report of Ways and Means Committee, [46]
- advocates redemption of paper money and financial reform, [46]
- reports a resolution for abolition of slavery, [47]
- at first dislikes Philadelphia, later prefers it to New York for democracy, [47], [48]
- drafts resolutions condemning Hamilton's excise bill, [48]
- takes part in public meeting in Washington County against the bill, [50]
- secretary of convention of western counties at Pittsburgh, [52]
- signs resolutions advocating resistance, [53]
- draws petition to Congress, [53]
- returns to Philadelphia to find cause damaged by action of counties, [54]
- advises evasion of federal writs to arrest, [55]
- in legislature proposes a township veto on taxation and popular education, [55]
- wishes to visit Geneva in 1793, [56], [57]
- views on French Revolution, [56], [57]
- elected senator in spite of insufficient residence, [58]
- acquaintance with Dallas, [58]
- on journey with him, meets Hannah Nicholson, [59]
- marriage, [59]
- his family connections by marriage, [59]
- later business connections with brother-in-law, J. W. Nicholson, [60]
- takes seat as United States senator, [60]
- his election protested on ground of insufficient residence, [60], [61]
- complains of membership of committee to consider case, [61]
- his exact status, [62]
- submits statement of facts to Senate, [62]
- is declared disqualified by narrow majority, [62], [63]
- his dignified conduct of case, [63]
- pending the decision, introduces resolution calling upon Hamilton to make a minutely itemized report, [64]
- probably causes his own expulsion by thus irritating Federalists, [64], [65]
- later obliged to answer a similar demand from Federalists, [65]
- not cast down by exclusion, [65]
- gains increased popularity in Pennsylvania, [65], [66]
- In Whiskey Insurrection.
- Takes wife to Fayette County, [67]
- at outbreak of violence advises distillers to submit to law, [69]
- his estimate of numbers of insurgents in arms, [73]
- remains at first aloof from excitement, [75]
- determines to take control of movement, [75], [76]
- alarmed at probable excesses of mob and danger of repression, [76]
- delegate to convention at Parkinson's Ferry, [78]
- confers with Marshall, [78]
- chosen secretary, [79]
- opposes resolution to resist by force, and moves reference of resolutions to a committee, [80]
- succeeds in modifying resolutions not to obey excise and trial laws, [80]
- on committee on resolutions, [80]
- on committee to confer with government commissioners, [81]
- points out folly of resistance, [81]
- counsels submission, [81]
- his eloquent speech, [82], [83]
- prevents anarchy, [82]
- charged by J. C. Hamilton with cowardice, [84]
- his real courage, [84]
- hastens submission of Fayette County, [85]
- secures adoption of declaration defending county's action, [85]
- secretary of meeting at Parkinson's Ferry, which makes complete submission, [89]
- considered by Federalists to be chief instigator of the insurrection, [90]
- describes conversation with Dallas, [92]
- again chosen to legislature and also to Congress, [93]
- his election to Assembly contested and declared void, [93], [94]
- in his speech during debate admits error of his course, [94]
- urges Badollet to secure reëlection of all Western assemblymen, [95]
- re-elected to legislature, [95]
- witness before grand jury in trial of prisoners, [96]
- draws petition to Washington for pardon of offenders, [96]
- his loyalty to constituents, [96]
- Member of Congress.
- Moves appointment of committee on finance to control Treasury, [106]
- appointed upon it, [106]
- wishes to put appropriations on permanent footing, [107], [108]
- refuses to devote military funds to establishing Indian trading posts, [108]
- opposes habit of appropriating without debate, even to objects already approved, [109]
- supports resolutions calling for papers in Jay treaty, [110]
- upholds power of House of Representatives, [111], [112]
- denies that treaties override discretion of House, [112], [113]
- appointed to carry call to Washington, [114]
- claims right of House to participate in treaties, [114]
- stands beside Madison as leader of debate, [115]
- insists on separate consideration of treaties, [118]
- objects to Federalists' threats of war with England, [118], [119]
- complains of abandonment of “free ships” principle in Jay's treaty, [119]
- low opinion of Indians, [122]
- urges resistance to impressment, [122]
- suggests plan for advantageous sale of public lands, [122]
- and their use to pay debt, [122]
- views on taxation, [123]
- opposes military establishment and navy, [123], [124]
- laments necessity of payment to United States Bank, [124]
- attacked for participation in Whiskey Insurrection, [124]
- makes no reply, [125]
- criticises conduct of Treasury Department, [125]
- opposes principle of a national debt, [125]
- asserts a great increase in public debt, [126]
- defends assertion against W. Smith, [126]
- objects to adjournment to pay respects to Washington on birthday, [126]
- recognized as leader of opposition by Federalists, [127]
- does not expect or desire renomination, [127]
- reëlected to Congress, [127]
- becomes leader of Republicans in House, [128]
- wishes House to compliment Washington personally on his retirement, but not his administration, [129]
- describes Andrew Jackson's appearance, 129 n.;
- insists on payment of indebtedness of States to government, [129]
- chairman of conference committee, [129]
- opposes army and navy expenditure, [129], [130]
- secures passage of bill confining treasury expenditures, [130]
- in sympathy and confidence of Jefferson, [133]
- deprecates debating foreign relations, [134]
- wishes to treat France like other nations, [134]
- opposes threatening France, [135]
- joins moderate Republicans in voting with Federalists for address to President, [136]
- opposes appropriation for defense, [137]
- objects to employment of frigates, [137]
- favors defense of ports and harbors only, [137]
- opposes salt duty, [137]
- and excessive loans, [137]
- points out method of impeachment in Blount case, [138]
- describes his desire for moderation, [138]
- calls Federalists aristocrats, [139]
- votes against presenting answer to message in person, [140]
- now acknowledged leader of Republicans, [140]
- presents anti-slavery petitions from Pennsylvania, [140]
- his opinion of use of foreign coins, [140]
- estimate of specie in United States, [141]
- opposes proposal to expel Lyon, [141]
- on executive power of appointment, [142]
- wishes to abandon foreign political intercourse, [143]
- upholds power of House to check executive through appropriations, [143]
- makes elaborate speech on checks of legislature on executive, [144]-[146]
- and on necessity of abstention from European politics, [145]
- practical drawbacks to his theory, [147]
- his speech circulated by party, [147]
- opposes war measures against France, [148]
- supports call for papers of envoys to France, [148]
- presents petition against authorizing private citizens to arm vessels, [149]
- opposes bill to authorize President to arm convoys, [149]
- prefers submission to French outrages rather than war, [150], [151]
- attacked by Allen of Connecticut, his reply, [150], [151]
- opposes non-intercourse with France, [151]
- declares Sedition Bill unconstitutional, [152]
- high words with Harper over Alien Bill, [152]
- taunted by Harper, [152]
- opposes declaration of state of relations by Congress, [153]
- votes against abrogating treaty with France, [154]
- continues to harass Wolcott in the Treasury, [154]
- his even temper, [154]
- opposes bill to punish correspondence with foreign princes, [155], [156]
- opposes bill to incite French West Indies to revolt, [156], [157]
- opposes authorization of President to suspend commerce in certain cases, [157]
- opposes building ships of the line, [157]
- tries to defeat or ameliorate Alien and Sedition Laws, [157], [158]
- aided in sixth Congress by Nicholas and Macon, [159]
- votes with Federalists to suspend commercial intercourse with France, [159]
- opposes proposal to amend Foreign Intercourse Act, [160], [161]
- opposes bill requiring report from secretary of treasury, because originating in Senate, [161]
- opposes continuance of non-intercourse, [162]
- his position in presidential contest in 1800, [164]
- irritated by influence of S. Smith over Jefferson and Madison, [164]
- reasons that attempt of Federalists to defeat an election by the House is constitutional, [164], [165]
- but any president pro tempore would be unconstitutional, [165]
- suggests course of action for Republicans, [165]
- probably expects to use violence against Federalists, [166]
- review of his congressional career, [167]
- leader of party, yet not a partisan, [167], [168]
- one of Republican triumvirate, [168]
- his departure leaves party without a legislative leader, [168]
- Secretary of the Treasury: Funding.
- His place as financier in United States history, [170]
- Jefferson's choice for secretary of treasury, [178], [179]
- hated by Federalists in Senate, [178]
- assigned to Treasury by public opinion, [179]
- doubts his abilities and chances of confirmation by Senate, [180]
- plans to move to New York, [180]
- refuses to accept until confirmed by Senate, [181]
- finally agrees to serve, [181]
- brings family to Washington and enters on duties, [181], [182]
- his thoroughness, [182]
- exhausts himself by his energy, [182]
- sketch of his financial career in Pennsylvania and in Congress, [183], [184]
- his one principle the extinguishment of debt, [184]
- publishes sketch of the finances in 1796, [184]
- publishes in July, 1800, “Views of Public Debt,” etc., [184], [185]
- ability of these essays, [185]
- outlines policy of expenditures and receipts to Jefferson, [186]
- endeavors to systematize treasury statements, [186]
- points out economic reasons for increase of revenue, [187]
- urges specific appropriations by Congress and absence of departmental discretion, [187]
- urges reduction, both of debt and of taxes, [188]
- unable to work with other departments because of Jefferson's habits, [188]
- lack of elasticity in his plans, [189]
- embarrassed by complications in department, [189]
- his first report to Congress, [190]
- denies existence of any surplus, [190]
- explains plan for extinction of debt by 1817, [191]
- given authority by Congress, [192]
- table showing success of his measures, [192]
- in spite of Louisiana purchase, reduces debt by one third, [192], [194]
- dissatisfied with financial terms of Louisiana purchase, [193]
- novelty of his distinction between place of payment of interest and principal, [195]
- arranges that Louisiana debt shall not retard payment of old debt, [196], [197]
- his report of 1805, [107]
- proposes funding of outstanding obligations in 1807, [198]
- reports a full Treasury on occasion of threatened war with England, [198]
- discusses application of surplus to war expenses, [199]
- suggests methods of war taxation, [200]
- prefers war to embargo, [201]
- draws the embargo bill, [201]
- discusses its financial effect, [201], [202]
- confident attitude as to war loans, [202]
- his policy supported by Jefferson, [203]
- realizes that war will prevent reduction of debt, [203], [204]
- relies on customs, tonnage dues, and land sales for revenue, [204]
- reports deficiency owing to embargo, [204]
- forced to borrow, [204]
- reviews situation in 1811 with satisfaction, [205], [206]
- asks for increase of revenue in case of war, [206]
- proposes war loans, [207]
- and interest-bearing treasury notes, [207]
- insists on actual increased receipts, not apparent measures, [207], [208]
- on necessity of upholding credit, [209]
- receives authority from Congress, [209]
- submits war budget, [209], [210]
- his last annual statement in 1812, [211]
- reports need of new loans, [212]
- his personal friends, Parish, Girard, and Astor, save government credit, [213], [214]
- fails to negotiate loan at par, [214]
- failure of his hopes to extinguish debt, [215]
- his policy vindicated by successors, [215]
- charged with sacrificing defenses of country to reduction of debt, [216]
- attempted defense of his course by “Democratic Review,” [216]
- his determination to follow financial principles and not a partisan course, [216], [218]
- does not invent new sources of revenue, [218]
- his estimates follow those of Hamilton, [219]
- estimates permanent revenue, [220]
- unable to abandon internal revenue, [220]
- does not protest against its abolition by Congress, [221]
- does not alter estimates in spite of increase of revenue, [221]
- proposes additional tax to meet war with Tripoli, [222]
- applies surplus as far as possible to Louisiana purchase, [222]
- political effect of his success during Jefferson's first term, [223]
- in 1805 raises estimate of permanent revenue, [223]
- impresses economy upon other departments, [223]
- prepares scheme of internal improvements, [224]
- after Chesapeake affair recommends borrowing, [224]
- and doubling duties in case of war, [225]
- receipts during his second term, [226]
- his warning of diminished resources in future ignored by Jefferson, [226]
- estimates for 1809, [228]
- points out necessity of submitting to war or loss of foreign trade, [228], [229]
- promises not to use internal taxes, [229]
- reports diminished income and deficiency in 1809, [230]
- declares for a strict enforcement or abandonment of embargo, [230]
- disgusted at refusal of Congress to recharter United States Bank, [231]
- tenders resignation to Madison, [231]
- obliged to remain for lack of possible successor, [231]
- continues to advocate increased customs, [232]
- points out that, had his recommendations been followed in 1809, there would have been a large surplus, [232], [233]
- forces Congress to choose between a bank or internal taxes, [233], [234]
- himself proposes internal taxes, [234]
- his last report predicts deficiency and asks a loan, [235]
- his recommendations of internal taxes disregarded, [235]
- his previous use of Hamilton's internal taxes, [235]
- his suggestions followed in 1813, [236]
- connection with sale of public lands, [238]
- unable fully to utilize this resource, [239]
- earliest public advocate of free trade, [240]
- later in career becomes leader of cause, [241]
- his part in convention of 1831, [241]
- draws memorial to Congress, [242]
- his views followed in tariff of 1846, [242]
- opposed to protection, [242]
- violently attacked by Clay, who apologizes, [242]
- introduces reforms in annual report, [245]
- tries to induce Congress and departments to adopt scheme of minute appropriations, [245], [246]
- carries system into his own household, [246]
- effects of his methods, [247]
- on Jefferson's dislike of banks, [251]
- his report of 1809 on Hamilton's bank, [252], [253]
- suggests its renewal, with modifications, [253], [254]
- his testimony as to its value, [255], [256]
- estimate as to state banks in 1811, [258]
- describes hostility of Astor to bank, [259]
- left, by failure to renew bank charter, at mercy of capitalists, [260]
- his opinion that absence of bank caused suspension of specie payments in 1815, [262]
- on Jefferson's proposal to issue paper money, [264]
- his success a vindication of Federalist finance, [266]
- opinion of services of second national bank, [266]
- declines offer of secretaryship in 1816, [266], [267]
- urges Madison to restore specie payment, [267]
- declines position as president of Bank of United States in 1822, [268]
- prepares statement of relative value of gold and silver, [268]
- writes “Considerations on Currency and Banking,” [268]
- advocates use of specie and limited use of paper money, [268]
- accepts presidency of National Bank of New York, [269]
- his opinion of Jackson, [270]
- his bank involved in panic of 1837, [272]
- conducts resumption, [273]
- chairman of committee of banks, [273]
- submits reports, [275]
- declines presidency of Bank of Commerce, [276]
- resigns presidency of National Bank, [277]
- publishes “Suggestions on Banks and Currency,” [277]
- condemns paper money, [277]
- declines offer of Treasury Department from Tyler, [278]
- in the cabinet, agrees with Republican leaders on all points except bank, [279], [280]
- prepares circular announcing disregard of party in appointments, [281]
- and condemning political influence of officials, [281]
- his policy opposed by Jefferson, [282]
- obliged to follow cabinet in policy of partisan appointments, [282]
- advises early preparation for campaign of 1804, [283]
- wishes States divided into election districts, [283]
- criticises annual messages of Jefferson, [283]
- his proposal to appoint a woman to office condemned by Jefferson, [283]
- suggests in vain regular cabinet consultations, [283], [284]
- urges payment of tribute to Tripoli rather than war, [284]
- opinion asked on points of constitutional law, [284]
- holds inherent right of United States to acquire territory, [285]
- disapproves of Texas annexation, [285]
- advises Jefferson concerning Louisiana treaty, [285], [286]
- attacked by Duane, for not turning out Federalists, [286]
- absence of favoritism in his appointments, [286], [287]
- supervises sale of lands, [287]
- acquaintance with Chôteau, [278]
- drafts promise of protection for Astor's fur trade, [288]
- opposes vainly Jefferson's gunboat scheme, [289]
- submits plan of defense against England, [289]
- urges moderate tone in message, [290]
- devises scheme of internal improvements, [290]
- doubts success of a National University, [291]
- opposes a permanent embargo, [291]
- prepares Campbell's report urging resistance, [292]
- receives authority from Congress to enforce non-intercourse, [293]
- favors war, [293]
- submits “Notes on Political Situation,” [294]
- opposes ordering out naval force in favor of letters of marque, [294]
- his appointment as secretary of state prevented by Republican opponents in Senate, [294], [295]
- continues to advise Madison, [295]
- his measures meet opposition in Senate, [295]
- deserted by Madison in his attempt to secure re-chartering of bank, [296]
- tenders resignation, [296]
- bitterly attacked in “Aurora,” [297]
- accused of dominating Madison and of corruption, [297], [298]
- considered by Jefferson ablest man in administration except Madison, [298]
- unable to command support in Congress, submits to war policy, [298], [299]
- asks leave of absence and appointment as minister to Russia, [299]
- attempts made to alienate him from Jefferson and Madison, [299]
- his high regard for Jefferson, [300]
- continued good terms with Madison, [300]
- Minister to Russia; Treaty of Ghent.
- His voyage with Bayard, [301]
- visits Gottenburg and Copenhagen, [301]
- at St. Petersburg meets J. Q. Adams, [302]
- his knowledge of history, [302]
- lack of diplomatic experience as compared with Adams, [302]
- contrast in character with Adams, [303]
- considers peace necessary because of inefficiency in conduct of war, [303]
- abandons his former opposition to a navy, [303]
- low opinion of English diplomacy, [304]
- view of necessity of an English renunciation of impressment, [305]
- writes to Barings, [305]
- receives Baring's reply, [306], [307]
- explains case to Romanzoff, [307]
- assured by Moreau of imperial sympathy, [308]
- warned by him of England's purposes, [308]
- writes to Monroe asking instructions, [308], [309]
- informs Baring of inability to negotiate except through Russia, [309]
- writes to Moreau, [309], [310]
- instructs Dallas as to duties in London, [310]
- receives news of refusal of Senate to confirm his nomination, [310]
- contemplates visit to London, [311]
- hears that British government proposes to treat directly, [311]
- unable to return home, [312]
- journey to Amsterdam, [312]
- not at first included in second commission, but later added, [312]
- visits London, [313]
- learns of arrival of Clay and Russell, [313]
- urges Lafayette to mediate, [313]
- wishes to change place of negotiation from Gottenburg, [314]
- urges Crawford to secure interposition of emperor, [315]
- receives letter from Lafayette through Humboldt, promising aid, [315]
- makes official appeal to emperor, [315]
- learns of refusal of England to admit intervention, [316]
- warns Monroe of English preparations, [316]
- visits Paris, [316]
- meets British commissioners at Ghent, [316]
- notifies Monroe of determination of England to dismember United States and attack New Orleans, [317], [318]
- despairs of peace, [318]
- draws reply of commissioners rejecting British demands, [319]
- explains reasons for willingness to discuss Indian article, [319], [320]
- condemns burning of public buildings at Washington, [320]
- expresses confidence in American securities, [320]
- has difficulty in mediating between Clay and Adams on fisheries and Mississippi navigation, [322], [323]
- proposes engagement to abandon use of savages in future war, [323]
- the credit of treaty due to him, [324]
- his diplomatic skill, [324]
- wins European admiration, [325]
- visits Geneva, [325], [326]
- sees Napoleon during Hundred Days, [326]
- appointed minister to France, [326]
- with Clay and Adams negotiates commercial convention, [326], [327]
- friendly attitude of Castlereagh toward, [326]
- on value of abolition of discriminating duties, [327]
- returns to New York, [327]
- withholds acceptance of French mission, [327]
- describes to Jefferson European opinion of United States, [327]
- describes condition of France after Revolution, [327], [328]
- does not consider republican form of government suitable everywhere, [328]
- weary of politics, declines nomination to Congress, [329]
- declines French mission on ground of poverty, [329]
- finally yields to Monroe's requests, [329]
- refuses offer of Treasury Department, his reasons, [330]
- rejoicings of Jefferson over his appointment, [331]
- Minister to France.
- Received by Richelieu, [331]
- discusses American sympathy for Bonaparte, [331], [332]
- received by Louis XVIII., [332]
- familiar relations with royal family, [332]
- negotiates for indemnity for seizures, [332]
- annoyed by French demand for dismissal of a disrespectful American postmaster, [333]
- advises Adams and Eustis in negotiations, [333]
- returns to Paris, [334]
- with Rush conducts negotiations with England, [334], [335]
- tries to explain Jackson's occupation of Pensacola, [336]
- refuses to mediate with France between Spain and revolted colonies, [336]
- points out disadvantages of war with Spain, [337]
- succeeds in pacifying French indignation at seizure of Apollon, [338]
- does not adopt Adams's line of defense, [338]
- Adams's opinion of, in diary, [338], [339]
- his opinion of Adams, [329]
- continues to negotiate with regard to commerce, [340]
- loath to return without success, [340]
- criticises Adams's terms of French treaty as unfavorable, but advises signing, [340]
- fails to secure satisfaction and returns to America, [341]
- settles at Friendship Hill, [341]
- pressed by Monroe to return to France, [341], [342]
- declines mission to Panama Congress, [342]
- Minister to England.
- Appointed envoy and minister, with liberty to return on completion of negotiations, [342], [343]
- secures modification of instructions, [343]
- complains of peremptory character of instructions, [344]
- his voyage, [344]
- dislike of English and French diplomacy, [344]
- learns of English resentment at tone of American ministers, [344], [345]
- negotiates with Canning, [345]
- asks for instructions as to renewal of convention of 1815, [345]
- pleased with ability of Lawrence as _chargé d'affaires_, [346]
- his threat of war quoted by Chateaubriand, [346]
- warned by Adams to yield nothing, [346]
- concludes negotiation with Goderich, [347]
- thinks Canning meant to discuss impressment, [247]
- returns to America, congratulated by Adams, [348]
- his social life in London, [348]
- ready to accept French mission in 1834, [349]
- prepares argument in Northeastern boundary arbitration, [349]
- publishes an account of facts in the case, [349]
- visited by Ashburton, [350]
- publishes pamphlet on Oregon question, [351]
- presides at meeting to protest against annexation of Texas, [351]
- condemns Mexican war, [352]
- publishes pamphlet concerning it, [352]
- condemns “manifest destiny” talk, [352], [353]
- Republican Leader.
- His opinion of contemporary political leaders, [355], [356]
- prefers Crawford to Adams, [356]
- requests Macon to take
- part in caucus for Crawford, [356]
- thinks universal suffrage compensates for dangers of consolidation, [356]
- accepts reluctantly nomination for vice-president, [357]
- dislikes formality of nomination, [357]
- withdraws to help ticket, [358]
- considers the election to prove decease of Republican party, [359]
- condemns Jackson's violations of law, [359]
- favors an insignificant or weak executive, [359]
- visits Washington in 1829, notes disappearance of old régime, [330]
- Society, Literature, Science.
- His land speculations not profitable, [351]
- plans Genevese Colonization Association, [361]
- loses money through Morris's failure, [362]
- speculates in Virginia military lands, [362]
- estimates value of estates, [362], [363]
- ill at ease in general society, [363]
- his establishment at Washington described by Irving, [363]
- house burned by British, [364]
- builds at Friendship Hill, finds it lonely in winter, [364]
- visited by Lafayette in 1825, [364], [365]
- settles permanently in New York, [365]
- frequent changes of residence, [365]
- devotes last years to scientific studies, [366]
- conversational ability, [366]
- chosen member of “The Club,” [366] [367]
- leads conversation, [367]
- described by Irving, [368]
- wishes to establish free university in New York, [368]
- presides over council of New York University, [369]
- resigns, owing to clerical opposition, [370]
- continued interest in French politics, [370]
- letter of Lafayette to, on marriage of his daughter, [371]
- assists Polish refugees, [372]
- interested in Indian customs, [373], [374]
- writes for Humboldt a synopsis of Indian tribes, [374]
- publishes Indian vocabularies, [375]
- issues circulars inviting information, [375]
- correspondence with individuals, [375], [376]
- republishes Synopsis, [377]
- scientific character of his results, [377], [378]
- his advice requested concerning Smithson's bequest, [378]
- its publications submitted to him, [378], [379]
- founds American Ethnological Society, [379]
- defrays cost of publishing its transactions, [379]
- essay on nations of Mexico and Central America, [380]
- authorizes General Scott to purchase documents in Mexico, [380]
- writes introduction to Hale's “Indians of Northwest America,” [380]
- gathers information regarding gold in America for Humboldt, [381]
- describes his reasons for success, [381]
- his caution in reasoning, [382]
- fails to establish a literary periodical, [382]
- chosen president of New York Historical Society, [382]
- his inaugural address on course of United States History, [382]-[384]
- opinion of Washington, [383], [384]
- friendly greeting to Adams in 1844, [384]
- eulogized by Adams, [384], [385]
- his party career contrasted with that of Adams, [385]
- personal appearance and portraits, [385], [386]
- crushed by loss of wife, [387]
- death, [387]
- eulogized by Bradish before Historical Society, [388]
- acknowledges indebtedness to Bentham, [388]
- his brain, [389]
- summary of character and services, [389]
- Characteristics.
- General estimates, [1], [388] [389]
- unfriendly views of, [90], [297] [338]
- his own estimate, [381]
- ambition, [5], [10] [58], [127] [180], [328]
- business ability, [28], [60] [361], [362]
- cosmopolitanism, [7], [389]
- courage, [75], [76] [84]
- debt, aversion to, [21]
- diplomatic ability, [303], [324] [325], [330] [345]
- financial ability, [45], [179] [185], [215]
- friendliness, [24], [30] [300], [372]
- geography, love of, [16]
- history, love of, [3], [302]
- indolence, [43]
- leadership, [128], [133] [159], [167] [357]
- literary interest, [382]
- maturity, early, [31]
- partisanship, [140], [147] [167]
- personal appearance, [385], [386] [389]
- political shrewdness, [76], [95] [128], [357]
- social habits, [44], [348], [363], [367], [368]
- temper, evenness of, [65], [152], [154], [303], [324]
- thoroughness, [182], [381]
- Political Opinions.
- Alien Bill, [152], [158]
- appointments to office, [281], [282], [286], [359]
- army, [108], [123], [129], [180], [303]
- Bank of United States, [231], [252]-[256], [262], [266], [296]
- banking, [256], [268], [273], [277]
- cabinet, [188], [222], [245], [283]
- coinage, [140], [268]
- Congress, powers of, [109], [110], [112], [143], [144], [153], [161]
- constitution of Pennsylvania, [41], [42]
- debt, public, [45], [125], [126], [191], [203], [205], [208], [222], [269]
- democracy, [6], [8], [10], [33], [34], [42], [48], [55], [126], [389]
- education, [45], [291], [368]-[370]
- election of 1800, [164]-[166]
- embargo, [201], [206], [230], [291]
- England, diplomacy of, [304], [344]
- England, policy toward, [228], [292], [310], [327], [337], [343]-[347]
- ethnology, [373]-[381]
- excise, [53], [80]
- executive, [144]-[146], [359]
- Federalist party, [119], [129], [139], [140], [164], [179]
- financial measures of Hamilton, [184], [185]
- foreign correspondence bill, [155]
- foreign ministers, [142], [143], [145], [147]
- France, diplomacy of, [304], [344]
- France, policy toward, [134], [135], [148], [149], [157], [159], [167], [310], [332], [333], [338], [340]
- free trade, [240]-[243]
- French Revolution, [56], [76], [139], [328]
- gunboat scheme, [289]
- impeachment, [138]
- Indians, [108], [122], [320], [323], [373]-[381]
- internal improvements, [45], [224], [290]
- Jacksonian democracy, [359]
- Jay treaty, [119], [136]
- manifest destiny, [352]
- Mexican war, [352]
- military matters, [137], [289]
- money, relation to wealth, [260]
- navy, [123], [124], [130], [137], [186], [303]
- northeastern boundary, [347]-[349]
- northwest boundary, [343], [347], [351]
- panic of 1815, [262]
- paper money, [46], [207], [264], [267], [268]
- party management, [38], [41], [95], [128], [164], [359]
- peace, [149], [150], [167], [284]
- public lands, [46], [122], [238], [239]
- Republican party, [355], [359]
- revenue, internal, [221], [233], [234]
- revenue, sources of, [187], [223], [232]
- Sedition Act, [152], [158], [159]
- slavery, [47], [140]
- Spain, policy toward, [336], [337]
- suffrage, [42]
- surplus, use of, [206], [216]
- taxation, [123], [199], [200]
- Texas annexation, [351]
- territory, constitutional power to acquire, [285]
- Treasury, administration of, [64], [106]-[108], [125], [130], [154], [189], [205], [208], [217], [245]-[247]
- treaty of Ghent, [317], [318], [319], [323]
- treaty power, [114]
- United States, history of, [382], [383]
- war of 1812, [320]
- war finances, [190], [200], [203], [207], [208], [222], [224], [229], [232], [234], [298]
- Whiskey Insurrection, [94]
- Gallatin family, [2];
- prominence in Geneva, [2]
- military reputation, [2]
- interest in all its members, [8]
- on oligarchic side in Genevese politics, [10]
- alarmed at report of Gallatin's death, [27]
- visited by Gallatin in 1814, [326]
- claims Roman descent, 386 n.
- Gallatin, Frances, marries B. K. Stevens, [371];
- Lafayette's letter of congratulation to, [371]
- considered “a beauty” at French court, [372]
- Gallatin, James, accompanies his father to Europe, [301]
- Gallatin, Jean, father of Albert Gallatin, [2];
- Gallatin, P. M., guardian of Albert, [10];
- his kindness on Gallatin's departure for America, [11]
- promises to aid him, and forwards letters of recommendation, [11]
- Gallatin, Susanne Vaudenet, grandmother of Gallatin, her character, [7];
- friend of Frederick of Hesse-Cassel and of Voltaire, [7]
- controlling spirit of family, [8]
- quarrels with Albert over his refusal of a Hessian commission, [8]
- Gambier, Lord, on English peace commission, [316]
- Gardner, John L., at free-trade convention, [241]
- Genet, Edmond C., effect of his intemperance on parties, [57];
- marries daughter of George Clinton, [102]
- aids Democratic societies, [102]
- condemned by Federalists, [134]
- Geneva, place of Gallatin family in, [2];
- education in, [2], [3]
- religious spirit of, [3]
- a resort of foreigners, [4]
- political situation in, [6], [7], [10]
- parties in, [10]
- revolutions in, [20], [361]
- government of, [33]
- visited by Gallatin, [325], [326]
- colonization from, planned by Gallatin, [361]
- Geneva Academy, studies of Gallati in, [2], [3];
- Germans, in Pennsylvania, oppose improvement of education, [45]
- Gerry, Elbridge, on French mission, [139];
- remains to negotiate loan, [152]
- Gibbs, ----, member of Ethnological Society, [379]
- Gilbert, Ezekiel, on Committee on Finance, [107]
- Giles, William B., Republican leader in debate, his character, [100], [133];
- bitterly opposes address to Washington, [128], [129]
- in debate on relations with France, [135]
- loses leadership to Gallatin, [140]
- Gilman, Nicholas, on Committee on Finance, [106]
- Girard, Stephen, assists Gallatin to float loan, [213], [214];
- Goderich, Lord, renews convention of 1815 with Gallatin, [347]
- Goldberg, ----, Dutch commissioner to make commercial treaty, [334]
- Goodhue, Jonathan, at free-trade convention of 1831, [241]
- Goodhue, ----, member of “The Club,” [367]
- Goodrich, Chauncy, in Congress, [99];
- in debate on foreign relations, [143]
- on resolution to punish foreign correspondence, [156]
- Goulburn, Henry, on English peace commission, [316];
- informed of American request for instructions, [318]
- told by Castlereagh and Liverpool to moderate his demands, [319]
- protests against acceptance of Indian article, [321]
- Grenville, Lord, sends Fauchet letter to Washington, [103];
- Griswold, Roger, attacks Gallatin's account of sinking fund, [65];
- leader of Federalists in House, [98], [133]
- replies to Gallatin in debate on treaty power, [113]
- his collision with Lyon, [141]
- on doctrine of checks, [143]
- on bill to punish foreign correspondence, [156]
- on Senate bill to require annual financial reports, [161]
- Gunboats, Jefferson's scheme for, [288];
- origin of his idea, [288]
- opposed by Gallatin, [289]
- Gurney, ----, in Pennsylvania legislature, [183]
- Hale, ----, introduction to his work on Indians written by Gallatin, [380]
- Hamilton, Alexander, his career compared to that of Gallatin, [28], [32];
- amends excise law, [52]
- demands punishment of Pittsburgh leaders of opposition, [53], [54]
- drafts proclamation against them, [54]
- attacked by Gallatin in Senate, [64]
- deprecates demand for minute information, [64], [65]
- submits plan for crushing insurgents, [76], [77]
- impatient at delay, writes as “Tully” advocating punishment, [87]
- accompanies army to Pittsburgh, [88]
- investigates insurrection, [90]
- fails to find indictment against Gallatin, [90]
- dissuades troops from violence, [92]
- resigns from Treasury, [97]
- continues to lead party, [99]
- stoned in defending Jay treaty, [103]
- letters of Wolcott to, complaining of Republican opposition, [126], [154]
- attends Congress as general, [155]
- his influence on government, [168], [169]
- review of his career in the Treasury, [174]-[176]
- his place in history, [176]
- his enmity to Gallatin, [179]
- attacks of Gallatin upon his system, [184], [185]
- his revenue system maintained by Gallatin, [218], [234]
- and reënacted by Democrats in 1813, [235]
- his report on public lands, [237], [238]
- his organization of Treasury Department, [243]
- his financial reports, [245]
- on Bank of North America, [249]
- his report on national bank, [250], [251]
- Hamilton, J. C., accuses Gallatin of cowardice in Whiskey Rebellion, [84]
- Harper, Robert Goodloe, leader of Federalists in House, [98], [133];
- denounces call for Jay treaty papers as unconstitutional, [111], [112]
- closes argument on Federalist side, [114]
- recognizes Gallatin as leader of Republicans, [115]
- in debate on relations with France, [134], [135]
- called a “bungler” by Gallatin, [140]
- moves appropriation for foreign intercourse, [141]
- his share in debate, [142], [146]
- introduces bill to suspend intercourse with France, [151]
- altercation with Gallatin over Alien Bill, [152]
- on resolution to furnish foreign correspondence, [156]
- on Senate bill to require annual financial reports, [161]
- Harvard College, gives Gallatin permission to teach French, [17];
- his connection with, [18]
- gives Gallatin certificate, [18]
- Hassler, Ferdinand Rudolph, superintendent of coast survey, [290]
- Hawks, ----, member of Ethnological Society, [379]
- Henry, Patrick, recommends Gallatin to county surveyor and commissions him to locate lands, [24];
- advises Gallatin to go West, predicts success, [29]
- Henry, Prof. Joseph, letter of Gallatin to, on Squier and Davis's “Ancient Monuments,” [379]
- Hillhouse, James, Federalist in Congress, [99];
- on committee on finance, [107]
- Holland, vain attempt to sign commercial treaty with, [334];
- House of Representatives, leaders of, in 1795, [98]-[100];
- debate in, over conduct of Washington's administration, [104]-[106]
- appoints Committee on Finance, [106], [107]
- debate in, on principle of appropriations, [108], [109]
- motion of Livingston to call for papers in Jay treaty brings on debate on treaty power, [109]-[114]
- asserts right to withhold appropriations, [115]
- considers foreign treaties separately, [118]
- debates Jay treaty, [118]-[121]
- votes to carry treaty into effect, [121]
- but condemns it, [121]
- refuses to adjourn on Washington's birthday, [126]
- adopts address complimentary to Washington, [129]
- new members in fifth Congress, [132]
- debates President's message on relations with France, [133]-[136]
- votes to support administration, [136]
- considers measures of defense, [137]
- impeaches Blount, [138]
- entertained by Adams, [140]
- encounter in, between Lyon and Griswold, [141]
- debate in, on foreign missions, [141], [142]
- on relation of executive to Congress, [142]-[147]
- rejects amendment to abolish foreign missions, [147]
- debates war with France, [148]
- requests President to furnish correspondence of envoys to France, [148]
- receives X Y Z dispatches, [149]
- altercation in, between Gallatin and Allen, [150]
- passes Alien Bill, [152]
- message of Adams to, on resumption of diplomatic intercourse
- with France, [152]
- passes bill abrogating treaty with France, [154]
- debates and passes bill to punish foreign correspondence, [155], [156]
- debates and passes bills to favor French West Indies, and punish Spanish and Dutch ports, [156], [157]
- refuses to repeal Sedition Act, [157]
- new members in sixth Congress, [158]
- replies to President's address, [158]
- refuses to repeal Sedition Law, [159]
- passes bill to suspend intercourse with France, [159], [160]
- votes a medal to Truxton, [160]
- refuses to amend Foreign Intercourse Act, [160], [161]
- debates and passes Senate bill to require annual Treasury reports, [161]
- refuses to continue non-intercourse, [162]
- again rejects bill to amend Sedition Act, [162]
- part played by Gallatin in, [167], [168]
- investigates Wolcott's management of Treasury, [177]
- Howell, Richard, leads New Jersey militia against Whiskey Rebellion, [88]
- Humboldt, Baron Alexander von, aided in study of precious metals in America by Gallatin, [278], [374], [381];
- brings Lafayette's letter to Gallatin, [315]
- meets Gallatin in Washington, [315]
- speaks of Gallatin's “glory,” [325]
- letter to Gallatin, [381]
- Husbands, Herman, on committee on resolutions of Parkinson's Ferry meeting, [80]
- Huskisson, William, on impressment, [347]
- Impressment, Gallatin's opinion of, [122];
- Indians, relations of Gallatin with, at Machias, [15];
- trading posts with, opposed by Gallatin, [108]
- Wayne's treaty with, [117], [118]
- danger of war with, in 1795, [120], [121]
- Gallatin's opinion of, [122]
- influence of Chôteau over, [287]
- fur trade of Astor with, [288]
- proposals of England concerning, in treaty of Ghent, [317], [319], [321]
- studies of Gallatin concerning, [373]-[378]
- the Canadian Indians, [373]
- tribes of, classified by Jefferson, [374]
- “Synopsis of Indian Tribes” by Gallatin, [374];
- vocabularies collected by Gallatin, [375], [376]
- studies of Du Ponceau concerning, [377]
- republication of Gallatin's “Synopsis,” [377]
- his essay on Indian civilization, [380]
- his introduction to Hale's work on, [380]
- Ingham, Samuel D., report of Gallatin to, on gold and silver, [268]
- Internal improvements, Gallatin's scheme for, [224], [290];
- Irish, petition against Sedition Act, [157]
- Irving, Washington, describes Mrs. Gallatin's manners and appearance, [363], [364];
- describes Gallatin in old age, [368]
- Jackson, Andrew, votes against complimentary address to Washington, [129];
- his appearance described by Gallatin, [129] n.;
- orders removal of deposits, [270]
- Gallatin's opinion of, [270], [355]
- occupies Pensacola, [336]
- refuses to appoint Gallatin to French mission, [349]
- candidate for president in 1824, [358]
- defeated for president by Adams, [358]
- his idea of party, [359]
- Gallatin's opinion of, [359]
- character of his presidency, [360]
- Jackson, F. J., his mission to United States, [295]
- Jay, John, asked by Jefferson for information concerning Gallatin, [27];
- drafts letter for New York Convention calling for a new convention, [37] n.;
- burnt in effigy after his treaty, [103]
- his purpose in making treaty, [117]
- said by Sheffield to have duped Grenville, [117]
- his warning remark to Randolph during negotiations, [118]
- attacked by Gallatin, [119]
- Jay, William, member of “The Club,” [366]
- Jay treaty, ratified, [102];
- Jefferson, Thomas, in behalf of Gallatin family writes to Jay for information concerning Albert Gallatin, [27];
- countersigns Washington's proclamation against excise rioters, [54]
- retires from cabinet, [97], [99]
- rupture with Hamilton, [99]
- imbued with French principles, [102]
- ridiculed as a sans-culotte, [104]
- influence complained of by Wolcott, [127]
- tries to moderate bitterness of Republicans, [128]
- Gallatin known to be in his confidence, [133]
- complains of weakness of Congress, [138]
- unable to influence Senate, [139]
- loses taste for French alliance, [139]
- thinks Sedition Bill aimed at Gallatin, [152]
- praises Gallatin's courage, [158]
- receives tie vote with Burr, [163]
- probably makes bargain with Federalists, [164]
- his inexplicable submission to Smith, [164]
- elected, [167]
- in triumvirate with Madison and Gallatin, [168]
- represents social equality, [169]
- his suggestions on coinage, [172]
- urges Gallatin to accept Treasury Department, [178]-[180]
- letter to Macon, [182]
- suggestions of Gallatin to, on financial policy, [186]
- not a practical statesman, [188]
- does not consult cabinet as a whole, [188]
- letters of Gallatin to, on finances, [189], [193], [201], [203], [216]
- summons Congress to ratify Louisiana purchase, [195]
- reëlection helped by finances and Louisiana treaty, [197], [198], [223]
- urges Gallatin to retain post until extinction of debt, [203]
- wishes reduction of army and navy, [220]
- advocates application of surplus to internal improvement, [226]
- in so doing abandons his principles, [227]
- detests bank, [233], [251], [280]
- proposes impracticable economies in Treasury Department, [244]
- suggests issue of paper money, [264]
- an abandonment of republican principles, [266]
- introduces new principles of administration into government, [279]
- opposes Gallatin's civil service circular, [281]
- proposes to fill one half of offices with partisans, [282]
- submits draft of annual message to cabinet, [283]
- objects to appointing a woman to office, [283]
- lack of system in his cabinet, [284]
- does not consult Gallatin on military matters, [284]
- agrees with Gallatin's view on acquisition of territory, [285]
- advised by Gallatin concerning Louisiana treaty, [285]
- unfortunate in choice of political methods, [286]
- friendly with Duane, [286]
- promises to protect Astor, [288]
- his gunboat scheme, [288], [289]
- origin of his views on gunboats, [288]
- his plan of internal improvements, [290]
- recommends national university, [291]
- wishes amendments to Constitution, [291]
- advised by Gallatin not to rely on “general welfare” clause of Constitution, [291]
- shirks responsibility of decision with regard to English policy, [291], [292]
- urged by Gallatin to enforce non-intercourse, [293]
- calls Gallatin ablest man in administration except Madison, [298]
- regard of Gallatin for, [300]
- his love for Gallatin, [300]
- letters of Gallatin to, on reputation of United States in Europe, [327]
- on France, [327], [328]
- letter of Gallatin to, on difficulty of withdrawal from public service, [329]
- rejoices in Gallatin's acceptance of French mission, [331]
- his opinion of Louis XVIII., [331]
- relations with de Tracy, [331]
- supports Crawford for presidency, [356]
- favors state rights, [356]
- does not appreciate decay of his party, [358]
- on non-sectarian education, [369]
- his remarks on Indians in “Notes on Virginia,”
- on Washington's strong passions, [383] n.
- Johannot, ----, educated at Geneva, [4], [17]
- Johnston, ----, member of “The Club,” [366]
- Jones, William, secretary of navy, [312]
- Kent, Chancellor James, member of “The Club,” [366]
- King, Charles, member of “The Club,” [367]
- King, Rufus, resigns mission to England, [342];
- tone of his correspondence, [345]
- Kinloch, Francis, educated at Geneva, [4];
- letter to, given by Mlle. Pictet to Gallatin, [11]
- Kirkpatrick, Major, defends United States marshal in Whiskey Insurrection, [68];
- his farm burnt by rioters, [73]
- Kittera, Thomas, moves hostile amendment to pro-French resolution, [135]
- Knox, Henry, resigns from War Department, [97]
- Kosciusko, his nephew helped by Gallatin, [372]
- Kramer brothers, in business with Gallatin, [60]
- Lands, public, in Pennsylvania, [46];
- suggestions of Gallatin as to improved methods of sale, [122], [123]
- how acquired, [237]
- sales under Hamilton and successors, [238]
- organization of sales by Gallatin, [238], [239], [287]
- Land speculation, in Virginia, [20], [21], [24], [361];
- Lafayette, Marquis de, his motives for aiding colonies, [9];
- his imprisonment, [102]
- saved by gunboats in 1781, [288], [289], [371]
- urged by Gallatin to help mediate between England and United States, [313]
- urges emperor of Russia to exert personal influence with England, [315]
- sends letter to Gallatin, [315]
- letter of Gallatin to, on French government, [328]
- visits Pennsylvania, [364]
- entertained by Lafayette at Friendship Hill, [365]
- his part in Revolution of 1830, [370], [371], [372]
- interested in marriage of Gallatin's daughter, [371]
- letter to Gallatin, [371], [372]
- La Pérouse, meets Gallatin at Machias, [16];
- later meets him in Boston, [16]
- Laurens, John, educated at Geneva, [4]
- La Vengeance, captured by Constellation, [160]
- Lawrence, William B., gives anecdote of Washington and Gallatin, [22];
- accompanies Gallatin to England, [344]
- his ability as secretary, [346]
- presides at anniversary meeting of New York Historical Society, [384]
- Lee, Henry, commands militia against Whiskey Rebellion, [88];
- requires oath of allegiance, [89]
- orders seizure of leaders, [90]
- Lee, Thomas, founder of Ohio company, [20]
- Legislature of Pennsylvania, calls Constitutional Convention, [40];
- Gallatin's career in, [45]-[47], [55], [60]
- rejects bill to improve education, [45]
- discharges paper money and other debt, [46]
- elects Gallatin senator, [47], [58]
- adopts resolutions condemning excise, [48], [49]
- protests against authorizing vessels to arm, [149]
- divides electoral vote between Adams and Jefferson, [163]
- Gallatin's financial report to, [183], [184]
- offers to take two millions of United States bonds, [214]
- interferes to regulate Bank of North America, [250]
- charters Bank of United States, [271]
- Leopard, captures Chesapeake, [224]
- Lesdernier, M. de, flies from Nova Scotia to Machias, [14];
- welcomes Gallatin, [14]
- on good terms with Indians, [16]
- attempt of Gallatin to obtain a pension for, [30]
- letter of Gallatin to, [154]
- introduces Gallatin to Indians, [373]
- Lesdernier, Madame de, persuades Gallatin to visit Machias, [14]
- Lieven, Count, Russian minister at London, [308];
- his friendship with Gallatin, [348]
- Lincoln, Levi, views on unconstitutionality of acquiring territory, [285]
- Livermore, E. S., on committee to consider Gallatin's eligibility to Senate, [61]
- Liverpool, Lord, advised by Castlereagh to moderate his demands, [319];
- does so for fear of healing American dissensions, [319]
- accepts settlement of Indian question, [321]
- resolves to prosecute war vigorously, [321]
- abandons claim to territory and admits defeats, [322]
- letter of Castlereagh to, [326]
- death, [347]
- Livingston, Edward, prominent Republican in Congress, [100];
- his precocity, [100]
- calls for instructions for Jay, [109], [110]
- votes against complimentary address to Washington, [129]
- attacks Adams's foreign policy, [135], [136]
- presents petitions against Alien and Sedition Laws, [157]
- Livingston, Robert R., arranges terms of Louisiana purchase, [193]
- Lorillard, Jacob, at free trade convention, 1831, [241]
- Loring, Captain, takes Gallatin to America, [11]
- Louis XVI., executed, [56]
- Louis XVIII., Jefferson's opinion of, [331];
- gives audience to Gallatin, [332]
- his intimacy with Gallatin and his sarcasm, [332]
- Louisiana, financial effect of its purchase, [192], [193], [195], [196], [222];
- effect of its acquisition on England, [224]
- constitutional question involved, [285], [286]
- occupation of, arranged by Gallatin, [286], [287]
- Lynn, Mary, keeps boarding-house in Philadelphia, [19]
- Lyon, Matthew, his collision with Griswold, [141];
- defended by Gallatin, [141]
- Machias, expedition of Gallatin to, [14], [15];
- Macon, Nathanael, votes against complimentary address to Washington, [129];
- aids Gallatin in sixth Congress, [159]
- moves repeal of Sedition Law, [159]
- opposes non-intercourse with France, [159], [160]
- letter of Jefferson to, [182]
- letter to Nicholson, [293]
- tries to pass Navigation Act against English and French decrees, [296]
- on decay of democratic principles in 1824, [356], [358]
- Madison, James, secures adoption of ten amendments, [40];
- abandons Federalists through Jefferson's influence, [99]
- leads Republicans in House, [100]
- weakness in debate, [100]
- drafts address to Washington, [105]
- on Committee on Finance, [106]
- advocates bill to establish trading posts with Indians, [108]
- moves to amend call for Jay papers, [111]
- interprets treaty power
- in Constitution in Jay treaty debate, [113], [115]
- attacks Jay treaty, [118]
- influence complained of by Wolcott, [127]
- not reëlected to Congress, [133]
- his inexplicable submission to Smith, [164]
- in triumvirate with Jefferson and Gallatin, [168]
- his weakness as financier, [179]
- summons Congress, [205]
- anxious to evade responsibility for peace or war, [205]
- communications on finance from Gallatin, [212], [259]
- his indecision as to financial situation, [230]
- does not accept Gallatin's resignation, [231]
- realizes indispensableness of Gallatin to him, [231]
- agrees with Gallatin as to minute appropriations, [245]
- vetoes bill to incorporate national bank, [265]
- signs a second bill, [265]
- his inconsistency, [266]
- urged by Gallatin to restore specie payment, [267]
- opposes Gallatin's civil service circular, [281]
- not superior on constitutional points to Gallatin, [284]
- refuses to support Astor's plans, [288]
- consults with Gallatin on inaugural address, [294]
- forced by senators to abandon plan to make Gallatin secretary of state, [294], [295]
- unable to control party, [295]
- favors England as against France, [295]
- fails to support Gallatin, his inexcusable weakness, [296]
- compelled to choose between Smith and Gallatin, [297]
- efforts of Duane to poison his mind against Gallatin, [297]
- not qualified to be a war president, [298], [299]
- sends Gallatin on Russian mission with leave of absence, [299]
- appoints Duane adjutant-general, [299]
- continues on good terms with Gallatin, [300]
- accepts English offer of direct negotiation, [312]
- appoints a new commission, [312]
- intends Gallatin for head of commission, [312]
- names Gallatin minister to France, [326]
- thanked by Gallatin, [327]
- leaves him at liberty to decide, [329]
- offers Gallatin secretaryship of treasury, [330]
- favors Crawford for presidency, [356]
- Malesherbes, C. G. de L. de, his courage compared to that of Gallatin, [84]
- “Manifest Destiny,” Gallatin's opinion of, [352], [353]
- Marie Antoinette, executed, [56]
- Marshall, James, represents Fayette County in anti-excise proceedings, [51], [52], [69];
- joins Bradford in calling out militia, [70]
- his resolutions at Parkinson's Ferry meeting disapproved by Gallatin, [78], [79]
- withdraws them, [80]
- on committee to confer with United States commissioners, [81]
- Marshall, John, offers Gallatin a place in his office, [29];
- on French mission, [139], [152]
- elected to Congress, [158]
- announces death of Washington, [158]
- draws reply to Adams's address, [158]
- Mason, S. T., makes Jay treaty public, [103]
- Mathews, Rev. Mr., member of “The Club,” [367]
- Mayer, member of Ethnological Society, [379]
- McClanachan, Blair, chairman of anti-Federalist Conference, [38];
- his ultra-democratic remarks to Adams, [138]
- McDuffie, George, estimates profits of bankers on state bank circulation, [263]
- McKean, Thomas, in Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention, [43];
- suggests sending a commission to confer with Whiskey insurgents, [77]
- asked to prevent civil war in 1800, [166]
- McLane, Louis, reports extinction of national debt, [269]
- McVickar, ----, member of “The Club,” [366]
- Mexico, war with, Gallatin's opinion of, [352]
- Middleton, Henry, at free trade convention of 1831, [241]
- Mifflin, Thomas, in Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention, [43];
- deprecates use of force against Whiskey Rebellion, [77]
- summons legislature and obtains authority to employ militia, [88]
- succeeds by personal influence in filling ranks, [88]
- Mirabeau, Vicomte de, friend of Dumont, [5]
- Mississippi navigation, discussed in treaty of Ghent, [322], [323];
- Mitchell, S. L., on committee to consider Gallatin's eligibility to Senate, [61]
- Monroe, James, presents flag to French Convention, [132];
- arranges terms of Louisiana purchase, [193]
- supplants Smith as secretary of state, [296], [298]
- on necessity of renunciation of impressment in treaty of peace, [305]
- asked by Gallatin for further instructions, [308]
- receives proposals from England for direct negotiation, [311]
- asked by commissioners for authority to treat in any place, [314]
- warned by Gallatin of English war plans, [316], [317], [318]
- communications of Gallatin to, during negotiations, [319]
- urges Gallatin not to withdraw from public service, [329]
- appoints Adams secretary of state, [334]
- gives Gallatin leave of absence, [341]
- urges him to return to France, [341]
- Montgomery, John, connected by marriage with Gallatin, [59], [60]
- Montmorenci, Vicomte, negotiates with Gallatin, [340];
- succeeded by Chateaubriand, [340]
- Moore, ----, member of “The Club,” [366]
- Moreau, General Jean Victor, career in America and France, [308];
- assures Gallatin of emperor's friendliness and warns him of British obstinacy, [308]
- reply of Gallatin, [309]
- his death, [310], [311]
- Morgan, Daniel, leads militia against Whiskey Rebellion, [88], [93]
- Morris, Gouverneur, snubbed by Washington for familiarity, [23];
- his precocity compared to Gallatin's, [32]
- suggests decimal system, [172]
- Morris, Robert, receives drafts for Gallatin, [28];
- in United States Senate announces intention of neutrality on question of Gallatin's eligibility, [61]
- but votes against it, 63 n.;
- his rank as financier, [170]-[173]
- plans Bank of North America, [248], [249]
- buys land of Gallatin, [361]
- settles with Gallatin, [362]
- fails and is imprisoned, [362]
- Morse, ----, member of “The Club,” [367]
- Morton, Dr., member of Ethnological Society, [379]
- Muhlenberg, Frederick A., defeated for speaker by Dayton, [98];
- gives casting vote in favor of Jay treaty appropriations, [121]
- Müller, Johann von, teaches Gallatin history, [3]
- Murray, William Vans, prominent Federalist in House, [99];
- on finance committee, [106]
- denies discretionary power of House over Jay treaty, [110]