[948]. Diog. ix. 31 sqq. (R. P. 197, 197 c). This passage deals expressly with Leukippos, not with Demokritos or even “Leukippos and Demokritos.” For the distinction between the “summary” and “detailed” doxographies in Diogenes, see Appendix, [§ 15].
[949]. These are to be found in Aet. i. 4 (Dox. p. 289; Vors. p. 347; Usener, Epicurea, fr. 308). Epicurus himself in the second epistle (Diog. x. 88; Usener, p. 37, 7) quotes the phrase ἀποτομὴν ἔχουσα ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀπείρου.
[950]. Seneca, Q. Nat. vii. 3.
[951]. Gomperz, Greek Thinkers, vol. i. p. 323.
[952]. Arist. Phys. Θ, 1. 252 a 32 (R. P. 195 a); de Caelo, Γ, 2. 300 b 8 (R. P. 195); Met. Α, 4. 985 b 19 (R. P. ib.).
[953]. Arist. Phys. Β, 4. 196 a 24 (R. P. 195 d). Cicero, de nat. D. i. 66 (R. P. ib.). The latter passage is the source of the phrase “fortuitous concourse” (concurrere = συντρέχειν).
[954]. Aet. i. 25, 4 (Dox. p. 321), Λεύκιππος πάντα κατ’ ἀνάγκην, τὴν δ’ αὐτὴν ὑπάρχειν εἱμαρμένην. λέγει γὰρ ἐν τῷ Περὶ νοῦ· Οὐδὲν χρῆμα μάτην γίγνεται, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἐκ λόγου τε καὶ ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης.
[956]. Aet. i. 3, 18 (of Epicurus), συμβεβηκέναι δὲ τοῖς σώμασι τρία ταῦτα, σχῆμα, μέγεθος, βάρος. Δημόκριτος μὲν γὰρ ἔλεγε δύο, μέγεθός τε καὶ σχῆμα, ὁ δὲ Ἐπίκουρος τούτοις καὶ τρίτον βάρος προσέθηκεν· ἀνάγκη γάρ, φησί, κινεῖσθαι τὰ σώματα τῇ τοῦ βάρους πληγῇ· ἐπεὶ (“or else”) οὐ κινηθήσεται; ib. 12, 6, Δημόκριτος τὰ πρῶτά φησι σώματα, ταῦτα δ’ ἦν τὰ ναστά, βάρος μὲν οὐκ ἔχειν, κινεῖσθαι δὲ κατ’ ἀλληλοτυπίαν ἐν τῷ ἀπείρῳ. Cic. de fato, 20, “vim motus habebant (atomi) a Democrito impulsionis quam plagam ille appellat, a te, Epicure, gravitatis et ponderis.” These passages represent the Epicurean school tradition, which would hardly venture to misrepresent Demokritos on so important a point. His works were still accessible. It is confirmed by the Academic tradition in de Fin. i. 17 that Demokritos taught the atoms moved “in infinito inani, in quo nihil nec summum nec infimum nec medium nec extremum sit.” This doctrine, we are told, was “depraved” by Epicurus.
[957]. Arist. de Gen. Corr. 326 a 9, καίτοι βαρύτερόν γε κατὰ τὴν ὑπεροχήν φησιν εἶναι Δημόκριτος ἕκαστον τῶν ἀδιαιρέτων. I cannot believe this means anything else than what Theophrastos says in his fragment on sensation, § 61 (R. P. 199), βαρὺ μὲν οὖν καὶ κοῦφον τῷ μεγέθει διαιρεῖ Δημόκριτος.