For the social character of conscience, see Cooley, Human Nature and the Social Order, ch. x.
For sympathy and conscience, see Adam Smith, Theory of Moral Sentiments, especially Part III., chs. i. and iv., and Part IV., chs. i.-iii.; Stephen, Science of Ethics, pp. 228-238.
FOOTNOTES:
[158] "Any one can be angry: that is quite easy. Any one can give money away or spend it. But to do these things to the right person, to the right amount, at the right time, with the right aim and in the right manner—this is not what any one can easily do."—Aristotle, Ethics, Book II., ch. ix.
[159] Compare the sentence quoted on p. 268 from Hazlitt.
[160] This means Duty. This phase will be discussed in the next chapter.
[161] Kant's Theory of Ethics, trans. by Abbott, pp. 47-51.
[162] In last analysis Kant is trying to derive moral enlightenment from the most abstract principle of formal logic, the principle of Identity, that A is A!
[163] A student in an ethics class once made this remark: "Conscience is infallible, but we should not always follow it. Sometimes we should use our reason."
[164] Compare Locke, Essay on the Human Understanding, Book I., ch. iii.