[289] Spotswood to the Lords of Trade, April 5, 1717, Official Letters, ii. 227.
[290] Olmsted’s Slave States, p. 507.
[291] Cf. Ramage, “Local Government and Free Schools in South Carolina,” Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, vol. i.
[292] Ramage, op. cit.
[293] The remarks of Herbert Spencer on state education, in his Social Statics, revised ed., London, 1892, pp. 153-184, deserve most careful consideration by all who are interested in the welfare of their fellow-creatures.
[294] Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, ii. 108.
[295] Americans are apt to forget how much nearer the equator the familiar points in this country are than familiar points in Europe. Although every family has an atlas, many persons are surprised when their attention is called to the facts that Great Britain is in the latitude of Hudson Bay, that Paris and Vienna are further north than Quebec, that Montreal is nearly opposite to Venice, Boston to Rome, Charleston to Tripoli, etc.
[296] Simms, History of South Carolina, p. 106; Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, i. 299.
[297] Whitney, “Government of the Colony of South Carolina,” Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, xiii. 95; Statutes of South Carolina, iii. 395-399, 456-461, 568-573.
[298] The story is told by St. John de Crèvecœur, in his Letters from an American Farmer, Philadelphia, 1793, pp. 178-180. Crèvecœur was on his way to dine with a planter when he encountered the shocking spectacle. He succeeded in passing a shell of water through the bars of the cage to the lips of the poor wretch, who thanked him and begged to be killed; but the Frenchman had no means at hand.