Another Destroyer of them, is, the Art they have, and often practise, of poisoning one another; which is done by a large, white, spungy Root, that grows in the Fresh-Marshes, which is one of their Poisons; not but that they have many other Drugs, which they poison one another withal.
How the Indians war.
Lastly, the continual Wars these Savages maintain, one Nation against another, which sometimes hold for some Ages, killing and making Captives, till they become so weak thereby, that they are forced to make Peace for want of Recruits, to supply their Wars; and the Difference of Languages, that is found amongst these Heathens, seems altogether strange. For it often appears, that every dozen Miles, you meet with an Indian Town, that is quite different from the others you last parted withal; and what a little supplies this Defect is, that the most powerful Nation of these Savages scorns to treat or trade with any others (of fewer Numbers and less Power) in any other Tongue but their own, which serves for the Lingua of the Country, with which we travel and deal; as for Example, we see that the Tuskeruro's are most numerous in North-Carolina, therefore their Tongue is understood by some in every Town of all the Indians near us. And here I shall insert a small Dictionary of every Tongue, though not Alphabetically digested.
English. Tuskeruro. Pampticough. Woccon.
One Unche Weembot Tonne
Two Necte Neshinnauh Num-perra (rra?)
Three Ohs-sah Nish-wonner Nam-mee
Four Untoc Yau-Ooner Punnum-punne (e?)
Five Ouch-who Umperren Webtau
Six Houeyoc Who-yeoc Is-sto (st?)
Seven Chauh-noc Top-po-osh Nommis-sau
Eight Nec-kara Nau-haush-shoo Nupsau
Nine Wearah Pach-ic-conk Weihere
Ten Wartsauh Cosh Soone noponne
Eleven Unche scauwhau Tonne hauk pea
Twelve Nectec scaukhau Soone nomme
Twenty Wartsau scauhau Winnop
Thirty Ossa te wartsau
Hundred Youch se
Thousand Ki you se
Rum Oonaquod Weesaccon Yup-se
Blankets Oorewa Mattosh Roo-iune
White Ware-occa Wop-poshaumosh Waurraupa
Red Cotcoo-rea Mish-cock (ck?) Yauta
Black or Caw-hunshe Mow-cottowosh Yah-testea
Blue, idem
Gunpowder Ou-ku Pungue Rooeyam
Shot Cauna Ar-rounser Week
Axe Au-nuka Tomma-hick Tau-unta winnik
Knife Oosocke nauh Rig-cosq Wee
Tobacco Charho Hooh-pau Uu-coone
Shirt Ough-tre's Tacca pitteneer
Shoes Oo-ross-soo Wee-kessoo
Hat Trossa Mottau-quahan Intome-posswa
Fire Utchar Tinda Yau
Water Awoo Umpe Ejau
Coat Ouswox Taus-won Rummissau
Kawhitchra
Awl or Oose-waure Moc-cose Wonsh-shee
Needle
A Hoe Wauche-wocnoc Rosh-shocquon Rooe-pau
Salt Cheek-ha
Paint Quaunt Chuwon Whooyeonne
Ronoak Nauh-houreot Mis-kis-'su Rummaer
Peak Chu-teche Ronoak Erroco
Gun Auk-noc Gau hooptop Wittape
Gun-Lock Oo-teste Gun tock Seike Noonkosso
Flints Ou-negh-ra Hinds Matt-teer
A Flap Oukhaure Rappatoc Rhooeyau
Belt Oona-teste Maachone Wee-kau
Scissors and Cheh-ra Toc-koor
Tobacco-Tongues
A Kettle Oowaiana Tooseawau
A Pot Ocnock
Acorns Kooawa Roosomme
A Pine-Tree Heigta Oonossa Hooheh
Englishman Nickreruroh Tosh shonte Wintsohore
Indians Unqua Nuppin Yauh-he
English. Tuskeruro. Woccon.
A Horse A hots Yenwetoa
Swine Watsquerre Nommewarraupau
Moss Auoona hau Itto
Raw skin undrest Ootahawa Teep
Buckskin Ocques Rookau
Fawn-skin Ottea Wisto
Bear-skin Oochehara Ourka
Fox-skin Che-chou Hannatockore
Raccoon-skin Roo-sotto Auher
Squirrel-skin Sost Yehau
Wildcat-skin Cauhauweana
Panther-skin Caunerex Wattau
Wolf Squarrena Tire kiro
Minx Chac-kauene Soccon
Otter Chaunoc Wetkes
A Mat Ooyethne Soppepepor
Basket Ooyaura Rookeppa
Feathers Oosnooqua Soppe
Drest-skin Cotcoo Rauhau
A Turkey Coona Yauta
A Duck Sooeau Welka
A King Teethha Roamore
Fat Ootsaure Yendare
Soft Utsauwanne Roosomme
Hard or heavy Waucots ne Itte teraugh
A Rope Utsera Trauhe
A Possum Che-ra
Day Ootauh-ne
A Pestel Tic-caugh-ne Miyau
A Mortar Ootic caugh-ne Yossoo
Stockings Way haushe
A Creek Wackena
A River Ahunt wackena
A Man Entequos
Old Man Occooahawa
Young Man Quottis
Woman Con-noowa
Old Woman Cusquerre Yicau
Wife Kateocca Yecauau
A Child Woccanookne
A Boy Wariaugh
Infant Utserosta
Ears Ooethnat
Fishgig Ootosne Weetipsa
A Comb Oonaquitchra Sacketoome posswa
A Cake bak't Ooneck
A Head Ootaure Poppe
Hair Oowaara Tumme
Brother Caunotka Yenrauhe
I Ee
Thou Eets
There Ka
Homine Cotquerre Roocauwa
Bread Ootocnare Ikettau
Broath Ook-hoo
Corn Oonaha Cose
Oonave
Oosare
Oosha
Pease Saugh-he Coosauk
A Bag Uttaqua Ekoocromon
Fish Cunshe Yacunne
A Louse Cheecq; Eppesyau
A Flea Nauocq;
Potato's Untone Wauk
A Stick Chinqua
Wood Ouyunkgue Yonne
House Ounouse (Oin?) Ouke
A Cow Ous-sarunt Nappinjure
A Snake Us-quauh-ne Yau-hauk
A Rat Rusquiane Wittau
A Goose Au-hoohaha Auhaun
A Swan Oorhast Atter
Allegator Utsererauh Monwittetau
A Crab Rouare cou Wunneau
A Canoe Ooshunnawa Watt
A Box Ooanoo Yopoonitsa
A Bowl Ortse Cotsoe
A Spoon Oughquere Cotsau
A Path Wauh-hauhne Yauh
Sun or Moon Heita Wittapare
Wind Hoonoch Yuncor
A Star Uttewiraratse Wattapi untakeer
Rain Untuch Yawowa
Auhuntwood
Night Oosottoo Yantoha
A Rundlet Oohunawa Ynpyupseunne (Yup?)
An Eel Cuhn-na
A T—-d Utquera Pulawa
A F—-t Uttena Pautyau
A Cable Utquichra
Small Ropes Utsera utquichra
A Button Tic-hah Rummissauwoune
Breeches Wahunshe Rooeyaukitte
Stockings Oowissera Rooesoo possoo
Day Wauwoc-hook Waukhaway
Mad Cosserunte Rockcumne
Angry Cotcheroore Roocheha
Afraid Werricauna Reheshiwau
Smoak Oo-teighne Too-she
A Thief or Rogue Katichhei
A Dog Cheeth Tauh-he
A Reed Cauna Weekwonne
Lightwood Kakoo Sek
To morrow Jureha Kittape
Now Kahunk
To day Kawa
A little while ago Kakoowa Yauka
English. Tuskeruro. Woccon.
Yesterday Oousotto Yottoha
How many Ut-tewots Tontarinte
How far Untateawa
Will you go along with me Unta hah Quauke
Go you Its warko Yuppa me
Give it me Cotshau Mothei
That's all Ut chat Cuttaune
A Cubit length Kihoosocca Ishewounaup
Dead Whaharia Caure
A Gourd or Bottle Utchaawa Wattape
A lazy Fellow Wattattoo watse Tontaunete
Englishman is thirsty Oukwockaninniwock
I will sell you Goods very cheap Wausthanocha Nau hou hoore-ene
All the Indians are drunk Connaugh jost twane Nonnupper
Have you got any thing to eat Utta-ana-wox Noccoo Eraute
I am sick Connauwox Waurepa
A Fish-Hook Oos-skinna
Don't lose it Oon est nonne it quost
A Tobacco-pipe Oosquaana Intom
I remember it Oonutsauka Aucummato
Let it alone Tnotsaurauweek (Tout?) Sauhau
Peaches Roo-ooe Yonne
Walnuts Rootau-ooe
Hickery Nuts Rootau Nimmia
A Jew's-Harp Ooratsa Wottiyau
I forget it Merrauka
Northwest-Wind Hothooka
Snow. Acaunque. Wawawa.
Indian Speech.
To repeat more of this Indian Jargon, would be to trouble the Reader; and as an Account how imperfect they are in their Moods and Tenses, has been given by several already, I shall only add, that their Languages or Tongues are so deficient, that you cannot suppose the Indians ever could express themselves in such a Flight of Stile, as Authors would have you believe. They are so far from it, that they are but just able to make one another understand readily what they talk about. As for the two Consonants `L' and `F', I never knew them in any Indian Speech I have met withal; yet I must tell you, that they have such a Way of abbreviating their Speech, when in their great Councils and Debates, that the young Men do not understand what they treat about, when they hear them argue. It is wonderful, what has occasion'd so many different Speeches as the Savages have.
Tartarian Hurds.
The three Nations I now mention'd, do not live above ten Leagues distant, and two of them, viz. the Tuskeruro's and the Woccon, are not two Leagues asunder; yet their Speech differs in every Word thereof, except one, which is Tsaure, Cockles, which is in both Tongues the same, and nothing else. Now this Difference of Speech causes Jealousies and Fears amongst them, which bring Wars, wherein they destroy one another; otherwise the Christians had not (in all Probability) settled America so easily, as they have done, had these Tribes of Savages united themselves into one People or general Interest, or were they so but every hundred Miles. In short, they are an odd sort of People under the Circumstances they are at present, and have some such uncouth Ways in their Management and Course of Living, that it seems a Miracle to us, how they bring about their Designs, as they do, when their Ways are commonly quite contrary to ours. I believe, they are (as to this Life) a very happy People; and were it not for the Feuds amongst themselves, they would enjoy the happiest State (in this World) of all Mankind. They met with Enemies when we came amongst them; for they are no nearer Christianity now, than they were at the first Discovery, to all Appearance.
Indians learn of the Europeans.
They have learnt several Vices of the Europeans, but not one Vertue, as I know of. Drunkenness was a Stranger, when we found them out, and Swearing their Speech cannot express; yet those that speak English, learn to swear the first thing they talk of. It's true, they have some Vertues and some Vices; but how the Christians can bring these People into the Bosom of the Church, is a Proposal that ought to be form'd and follow'd by the wisest Heads and best Christians. After I have given one Remark or two farther, of some of their strange Practices and Notions, I will give my Opinion, how I think, in probability, it may be (if possible) effected, and so shall conclude this Treatise of Carolina.