Anāpus, a river of Epirus. Thucydides, bk. 2, ch. 82.——Of Sicily, near Syracuse. Thucydides, bk. 6, ch. 96.
Anartes, a people of Lower Pannonia. Cæsar, Gallic War, bk. 6, ch. 25.
Anas, a river of Spain, now called Guadiana. Strabo, bk. 3.
Anatŏle, one of the Horæ. Hyginus, fable 183.——A mountain near the Ganges, where Apollo ravished a nymph called Anaxibia.
Anauchĭdas, a Samian wrestler. Pausanias, bk. 5, ch. 27.
Anaurus, a river of Thessaly, near the foot of mount Pelion, where Jason lost one of his sandals. Callimachus, Diana [Artemis].——A river of Troas near Ida. Colluthus.
Anausis, one of Medea’s suitors, killed by Styrus. Valerius Flaccus, bk. 6, li. 43.
Anax, a son of Cœlus and Terra, father to Asterius, from whom Miletus has been called Anactoria. Pausanias, bk. 1, ch. 36; bk. 7, ch. 2.
Anaxagŏras, succeeded his father Megapenthes on the throne of Argos. He shared the sovereign power with Bias and Melampus, who had cured the women of Argos of madness. Pausanias, bk. 2, ch. 18.——A Clazomenian philosopher, son of Hegesibulus, disciple to Anaximes and preceptor to Socrates and Euripides. He disregarded wealth and honours, to indulge his fondness for meditation and philosophy. He applied himself to astronomy, was acquainted with eclipses, and predicted that one day a stone would fall from the sun, which it is said really fell into the river Ægos. Anaxagoras travelled into Egypt for improvement, and used to say that he preferred a grain of wisdom to heaps of gold. Pericles was in the number of his pupils, and often consulted him in matters of state; and once dissuaded him from starving himself to death. The ideas of Anaxagoras concerning the heavens were wild and extravagant. He supposed that the sun was inflammable matter, about the bigness of Peloponnesus; and that the moon was inhabited. The heavens he believed to be of stone, and the earth of similar materials. He was accused of impiety and condemned to die; but he ridiculed the sentence, and said it had long been pronounced upon him by nature. Being asked whether his body should be carried into his own country, he answered, no, as the road that led to the other side of the grave was as long from one place as the other. His scholar Pericles pleaded eloquently and successfully for him, and the sentence of death was exchanged for banishment. In prison, the philosopher is said to have attempted to square the circle, or determine exactly the proportion of its diameter to the circumference. When the people of Lampsacus asked him before his death whether he wished anything to be done in commemoration of him, “Yes,” said he, “let the boys be allowed to play on the anniversary of my death.” This was carefully observed, and that time, dedicated to relaxation, was called Anaxagoreia. He died at Lampsacus in his 72nd year, 428 B.C. His writings were not much esteemed by his pupil Socrates. Diogenes Laërtius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers.—Plutarch, Nicias & Pericles.—Cicero, Academicæ quaestiones, bk. 4, ch. 23; Tusculanæ Disputationes, bk. 1, ch. 43.——A statuary of Ægina. Pausanias, bk. 5, ch. 23.——A grammarian, disciple to Zenodotus. Diogenes Laërtius.——An orator, disciple to Socrates. Diogenes Laërtius.——A son of Echeanox, who, with his brothers Codrus and Diodorus, destroyed Hegesias tyrant of Ephesus.
Anaxander, of the family of the Heraclidæ, was son of Eurycrates and king of Sparta. The second Messenian war began in his reign, in which Aristomenes so egregiously signalized himself. His son was called Eurycrates. Herodotus, bk. 2, ch. 204.—Plutarch, Apophthegmata Laconica.—Pausanias, bk. 3, ch. 3; bk. 4, chs. 15 & 16.——A general of Megalopolis, taken by the Thebans.