Earthquakes and other earth movements

by John Milne

Alexander, T. Ball and Cup Seismometer.

Knipping, Messrs. Paul and. Report on a System for Earthquake Observation.

Catalogues of Earthquakes.

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INDEX.

• Abbadie, M. d’, on earth tremors, [309]
• Abbot, General H. L., on the transmission of vibrations, [62]
• Abella, M., on the earthquake in the Philippines in 1881, [77]
• Activity, on seismic, [6]
• Aristotle, on the classification of earthquakes, [41]
• Artificial earthquakes, experiments on, [57]
• — — intensity of, [61]
• Aurora, on the occurrence of, with earthquakes, [264]
• Ayrton and Perry, on the effect of soft foundations, [130]
• — — on the period of vibration of buildings, [115]
• — — on the principle of, [31]
• Barometer, effect of changes of, on earthquakes, [266]
• Bertelli, on aurora and earthquakes, [265]
• — on earth tremors, [316], [320]
• — on the normal tromometer of, [317]
• Bittner, A., on the buildings of Belluno, [100]
• Bridges, on earthquake, [140]
• Brunton, R. H., on buildings in earthquake countries, [123]
• Buckle, on the history of civilisation, [1]
• Builders, interest of the study of earthquakes to, [3]
• Buildings, on cracks in, [98], [108]
• — the effect of earthquakes on, [96]
• — on the irregular destruction of, [96]
• — — effect on the end house in a row, [112]
• — — church of St. Augustin at Manilla, [113]
• — — relation of destruction of, to earthquake motion, [103]
• — — protection of, [143]
• — — pitch of the roof of, [110]
• — — position of openings in the walls of, [111]
• — — swing of, [115]
• — — period of vibration of, [115]
• — — principle of relative periods in, [116]
• — — types of, for earthquake countries, [121]
• — — effect of underlying rocks on, [130]
• — general conclusions regarding, [144]
• Cacciatore, definition of the, [18]
• Caldcleugh, A., on earthquake frequency, [245]
• — on barometric height and earthquakes, [266]
• Carruthers, J., on earthquakes and tides, [291]
• Centrum, definition of, [9]
• — on the depth of, [213]
• — on the maximum depth of, [218]
• Centrum, determination of position of, see origins
• Chaplin, W. S., on the bracket seismometer of, [27]
• — on earthquakes and the position of the moon, [252]
• Coast line, on the movement of, [160]
• Cocks, R., on earthquakes and tides, [290]
• Coseismic lines, definition of, [10]
• Curves, on microseismic, [321]
• Darwin, Charles, on the movement of coast lines, [160]
• — George H., on earth tides, [285]
• — on tidal loads, [291]
• — on earth pulsation, [330]
• — on the effect of fluctuations of barometric pressure, [336]
• — experiments at Cambridge, [310]
• Delauney, M. J., on the influence of the planets on earthquakes, [261]
• Diagonic, definition of, [11]
• Diastrophic, definition of, [11]
• Direction of motion, from instrumental records, [198]
• Distribution, on earthquake, [226]
• — examples of, [231]
• Disturbance, on the propagation of, [50]
• Douglas, J., on South American houses, [126]
• Earth particle, on the velocity and acceleration of, [79]
• Earthquake motion, nature of, as deduced from the feelings, [67]
• — direction of, derived from instrumental records, [69]
• — duration of, [71]
• — period of vibration in, [74]
• — examples of extent of, [75]–[77]
• — absolute intensity of force in, [83]
• — radiation of, [85]
• — velocity of propagation of, [87]
• Earthquake at Lisbon, velocity of propagation of, [88]
• Earthquakes, general examples of effects of, [142]
• — geological changes produced by, [161]
• — hunting, [187]
• — distribution of, [226]
• — maps, [189]
• — secondary, [248]
• — table of, for nineteenth century, [259]
• — on the course of, [277]–[281]
• — and tides, [290]
• — prediction of, [297]–[304]
• Elastic waves, nature of, [44]
• Emergence, angle of, [9]
• Energy, dissipation of, in earthquakes, [52]
• — seismic, in relation to geological time, [234]
• — — table of, [240]
• Epicentrum, definition of, [9]
• Euthutropic, definition of, [11]
• Ewing, J. A., pendulum seismograph of, [25]
• — astatic pendulum of, [26]
• — bracket seismograph of, [26]
• Falb, R., on the influence of the sun and moon on earthquakes, [286]
• Fissures, on the material discharged from, [148]
• — on the explanation of, [151]
• Focal cavity, definition of, [9]
• — on the form of, [221]
• Forbes, D., on an earthquake in Mendoza, [151]
• Frequency of earthquakes, [243]
• Frere, Sir H. Bartle, on geological changes produced by earthquakes, [161]
• Fuchs, on sea waves, [176]
• — on the movement of the seismic centre, [233]
• — on earthquakes and volcanic outbursts, [271]
• — on hot springs, [157]
• Fumaroles, the effect of earthquakes on, [156]
• Geinitz, Dr., on sea waves, [182]
• Geologists, on the interest of seismology to, [2]
• Gray, T., astatic pendulum of, [26]
• — bracket seismometer of, [27]
• — conical pendulum of, [29]
• — dead heat pendulum of, [22]
• — on the rotation of bodies, [196]
• — rolling spheres and cylinders of, [29]
• — torsion pendulum seismometer of, [25]
• — vertical motion seismometers of, [32], [33]
• — and Milne, seismograph of, [38]
• Hattori, I., on the large earthquakes of Japan, [244]
• Haughton, Prof., list of active volcanoes of, [227]
• — method of finding earthquake origins of, [209]
• Hills, on the want of support on the face of, [136]
• Höfer, on an earthquake at Belluno, [225]
• Hoffmann, F., on the barometer and earthquakes, [267]
• Hooke, on earthquake motion, [42]
• Hopkins, on the thickness of the earth’s crust, [284]
• Humboldt, on meteors and earthquakes, [261]
• — on the barometer and earthquakes, [267]
• — on volcanoes and earthquakes, [279]
• Imagination, effect of earthquakes on the, [2]
• Instruments, direction of motion derived from, [198]
• Intensity, on earthquake, [51], [71]
• — seismic curve of, for Kioto, [242]
• Isoseismic circles, definition of, [10]
• — areas, definition of, [10]
• Kluge, on sea waves, [175]
• — on earthquake frequency, [246]
• — on simultaneous earthquakes, [248]
• — on earthquakes and sun spots, [263]
• — on earth pulsations, [339]
• Kreil, pendulum seismometer of, [25]
• Lakes, on disturbances in, [154]
• Land, effect of earthquakes on, [146]–[162]
• — on the reason of movements of, [162]
• — on cracks and fissures formed in, [146]
• Level, on the use of for earth pulsations, [328]
• Literature, on seismic, [6]
• — on Japanese earthquake, [7]
• Mallet, R., on area of disturbance as a test of seismic energy, [78]
• — on clock stopping, [36]
• — list of works on earthquakes of, [5]
• — curve of seismic energy of, [238]
• — definition of earthquake of, [43]
• — on earthquake frequency, [243]
• — on the influence of the heavenly bodies on earthquakes, [253]
• — on maximum depth of origin, [218]
• — on pendulum seismometers, [20]
• — projection seismometer of, [17]
• — on the Neapolitan earthquake, [69], [77], [83], [97], [103], [132], [142], [218], [280]
• — on sea waves, [170]
• — on the swing of mountains, [135]
• — on propagation from a fissure, [217]
• Mallet on the temperature of focal cavity, [84]
• Malvasia, M. le Conte, on earth tremors, [316]
• Martin, D. S., on the New England earthquake of 1874, [142]
• Meizoseismic area, definition of, [10]
• Melzi, on curves of microseismic motion, [322]
• Meteors, on earthquakes and, [260]
• Microseismic movements, on cause of, [324]
• Milne, D., on the Lisbon earthquake, [87]
• — on earthquake synchronism, [247]
• Mitchell, on earthquake motion, [42]
• Moon, effect of, on earthquakes, [251], [285]
• Mountains, on the swing of, [135]
• Naumann, E., on meteors and earthquakes, [261]
• — on sun spots and earthquakes, [263]
• Ocean, on disturbances in, [163]–[186]
• Origin, definition of, [9]
• — on the determination of, [187]
• — position of, deduced from direction of motion, [192]
• — — from destruction of buildings, [194]
• — — from rotation of bodies, [195]
• — — from time of occurrence, [199]
• — — examples of methods of calculating, [200]–[212]
• Oscillations, on earth, [344]
• Overturning moment, on the area of greatest, [53]
• Palmer, Col. H. S., on earth tremors, [307]
• Palmieri, on clock stopping, [36], [62]
• Paul, H. M., on earth tremors, [308]
• Perrey, A., on the influence of the moon on earthquakes, [251]
• Perrey on the periodicity of earthquakes, [8]
• Perry, J., on position of openings in walls, [111]
• Physicists, on the interest of earthquakes to, [2]
• Planets, influence of, on earthquakes, [260]
• Plantamour, M., on earth pulsations, [328]
• Pleistoseists, definition of, [10]
• Poly, M. A., on earthquakes and sun spots, [263]
• — on earthquakes and revolving storms, [294]
• Prost, M. le Baron, on earth tremors, [316]
• Pulsation, on earth, [4], [326]–[343]
• Records, on receivers of, [33]
• Rivers, on disturbances in, [154]
• Rockwood, Prof., on American earthquakes, [6]
• Ronaldson, T., on San Francisco houses, [129]
• Rossi, M. S. di, on an eruption of gas in the Tiber, [153]
• — aurora and earthquakes, [264]
• — earth tremors, [317], [320]
• — earth oscillations, [346]
• — earth pulsations, [327]
• — microseismograph of, [318]
• — microphonic observations of, [319], [323]
• — normal tromometer of, [317]
• Schmidt, on the influence of barometric pressure on earthquakes, [267]
• Sea waves, on nature of, [165]
• — on cause of, [171]
• — seldom produced by earthquakes which originate inland, [175]
• — on velocity of propagation of, [177]
• — examples of, [179]
• Seasons, frequency of earthquakes at different, [254]
• Seebach, on the determination of origins, [211]
• — on the focal cavity, [224]
• Seismic vertical, definition of, [9]
• Seismic and volcanic phenomena, relation of, [270]
• — — conclusions regarding, [275], [295]
• Seismology, definition of, [9]
• Seismometers, on various forms of, [17]–[40]
• Seismoscopes, on various forms of, [13]–[20]
• Serpieri, P. A., on distribution of seismic movement, [231]
• Shadows, on earthquake, [137]
• Spring, on frequency of earthquakes during, [156]
• Stukeley, on earthquake motion, [42]
• — earthquakes and aurora, [265]
• Succussatore, definition of, [10]
• Sun, on the effect of, on earthquakes, [253], [285]
• Temperature, effect of changes of, on earthquakes, [268], [294]
• Terremoto, definition of, [10]
• Thomson, Sir W., on the rigidity of the earth, [285]
• Time, on recording apparatus for, [35]
• Travagini, F., on earthquake motion, [42]
• Trembelores, definition of, [10]
• Tremors, on earth, [3], [306]–[325]
• Understanding, effects of earthquakes on, [2]
• Verbeck, on the ball and plate seismometer of, [31]
• Vibration, on the nature of earthquake, [12]
• Vorticose motion, on, [70]
• — definition of, [10]
• Wagener, on the pendulum seismometer of, [25]
• — vertical motion seismometer of, [33]
• — list of earthquakes, [76]
• Wave paths, definition of, [9]
• Waves, on the nature of earthquake, [55]
• — on the interference of, [138]
• Wells, on the effect of earthquakes on, [156]
• Wenthrop, on the New Zealand earthquake of 1855, [79]
• West, on the parallel motion seismometer of, [28]
• Winslow, on pulsations of the ocean, [334]
• Wolf, R., on earthquakes and sun spots, [263]
• Woodward, on earthquake motion, [42]
• Young, Dr. T., on earthquake motion, [43]
• Zantedeschi, M. F., on the influence of the sun and moon on earthquakes, [285]
• Zöllner, on the bracket seismometer of, [27]
• — on earth tremors, [309]

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Footnotes:

[1] Mémoires de l’Académie Imp. de Dijon, vols. xiv. and xv., 2nd Series, 1855–56.