Scotland in Pagan Times; The Iron Age

by Joseph Anderson

• Ibn-Fozlan, Ahmed, narrative of a burial after cremation by, [61].
• Illumination from fourteenth-century manuscript, representing a burial service, [12].
• Impernal, construction of the ramparts of, [280].
• Ingots of silver, [88], [107].
• Iron, tools and weapons of, found in Viking graves, [14], [15], [45], [52], [56], [58].
• —— articles of, found in Brochs, [213], [214], [219], [221], [223], [232], [234], [237], [250], [257].
• —— articles of, found in Earth-houses, [285], [295], [298].

• Kettleburn, Caithness, Broch of, [200], [209].
• Key of iron from a grave of the Viking time in Westray, [58].
• Kildrummy, Aberdeenshire, Earth-houses at, [292].
• Kings and Clergy, manner of the burial of, in Middle Ages, [4].
• Kinord, Aberdeenshire, Earth-house at, [291].
• Kintradwell or Kintrolla, Sutherlandshire, Broch of, [202], [216].
• Knockfarril, in Ross-shire, Vitrified Fort of, [276].

• Lake-dwellings of Scotland, [263].
• Lamps of stone found in Brochs, [212], [232], [236], [241].
• Lenormant, M., on the Truddhu of Southern Italy, [206].
• Levenwick, Shetland, Broch of, [234].
• Liechestown, Banffshire, swine’s head of bronze found at, [117].
• Lingrow, Orkney, Broch of, [242].
• Livonia, relapse of Christian converts to heathenism in, [4].
• Llanfair, bronze spoons found at, [135], [136].
• Loch Duich, Inverness-shire, Broch at, [183].

• Maces, mediæval, figured in the Bayeux Tapestry, [170].
• Maddad, Earl of Athol, [200].
• M’Crie, George, grave-mounds in Rousay explored by, [71].
• Metal-work of early Celtic School of Art, characteristics of the decoration of, [140].
• Middleby, Annandale, harness mountings of bronze found at, [123].
• Midhill Head, Midlothian, Earthwork on, [272].
• Migvie, Aberdeenshire, Earth-house at, [284].
• Mirrors of bronze, Celtic, [127], [130], [132].
• —— Roman, [133].
• Möklebust, Norway, grave-mound at, [62].
• Montrose, pierced vases of clay in a Christian grave at, [11].
• Mould of Clay for making Bronze Pins found in Broch of Lingrow, [245].
• Mountings of bronze found at Henshole on Cheviot, [122].
• Mousa, Shetland, the Broch of, [174], [200].
• Munro, Robert, M.D., investigation of Crannogs in Ayrshire by, [269].
• Murcens, construction of the ramparts of, [280].
• Murroes, Forfarshire, Earth-house at, [290].

• Neck-rings of silver, [84], [85].
• Needles of Bone found in Brochs, [247].
• Newry, County Down, Ireland, bronze armlet found at, [154], [155].
• Newstead, Roxburghshire, Earth-houses at, [300].
• Newton, Islay, oval brooch found at, [39].
• Nicolaysen, description of smoothing implements of glass by, [36].
• Northmen, Pagan forms of belief of the, [32].
• Nuraghi of Sardinia, the, [193].

• Olaf, King of Denmark, buried with his sword, [5].
• Oland, island of, bronze plaques with representations of warriors found in, [20], [116].
• Old Stirkoke, Broch of, [232].
• Okstrow, Birsay, Orkney, Broch of, [199], [240].
• Orem’s Fancy, Stronsay, Orkney, urns of steatite found at, [67], [68].
• Ornament of the bowl-shaped brooches of brass, characteristics of the, [25].
• —— of the penannular brooches of silver of the Viking time, [93–99].
• Orkney, ornamented stone balls found in, [168], [169].
• —— Brochs of, [197], [236], [238], [240], [242], [245].
• Orkneyinga Saga, notice of hunting of Reindeer in, [231].
• Otranto, Italy, the Truddhu of, [206].

• Paganism, typical character of burials of, [2].
• Pantellaria, the Sesi of, [206].
• Petrie, George, grave-mounds explored by, [58], [67].
• Pierowall, Westray, Orkney, grave-mounds of the Viking time at, [55], [58].
• Philostratus, notice of enamelling by, [125].
• Pins of Bone found in Brochs, [237], [239], [246], [247].
• —— of Bronze found in Brochs, [233], [237], [242].
• Pirnie, parish of Wemyss, Fife, Earth-house at, [292].
• Pitalpin, near Dundee, bronze spiral armlet found at, [159].
• Pitkelloney, near Muthil, bronze armlets found at, [143].
• Plunton Castle, bronze armlet found near, [137].
• Pottery of the Brochs, the, [215], [221], [230], [237], [240], [242], [244].
• —— of the Earth-houses, the, [287], [288], [295], [298], [304].

• Quendale, Shetland, arm-rings of silver found at, [109].
• Quern found at Balmaclellan, Kirkcudbright, [126].
• Querns found in Brochs, [212], [220], [222], [243], [246].
• —— found in crannogs, [270].

• Rattar, Caithness, arm-rings of silver found at, [109].
• Rattray, Castle Hill of, pierced vase of clay found at, [12].
• Rendall, William, exploration of Viking graves at Pierowall, Westray, by, [55].
• Reindeer, remains of, found in Brochs, [221], [231].
• Rhind, Alexander Henry, exploration of the Broch of Kettleburn by, [209].
• Rousay, Orkney, urns of steatite found in, [71].
• Rygh, Professor, comparison of oval brooches found in Norway and in Scotland by, [35].

• Saga of Gisli the Soursop, the, [290].
• —— the Orkneyinga, [231].
• Sagas, testimony of the, to the forms of heathen burial, [59].
• Samian Ware found in Brochs, [237], [242].
• —— found in crannogs, [270].
• Saucepan of bronze found at Stanhope, Peeblesshire, [152].
• —— found in Dowalton Loch, [266].
• Seafield Tower, Kinghorn, bronze armlet found at, [154].
• Seal, the flesh of the, as an article of food, [215].
• Sesi, the, of the Isle of Pantellaria, [206].
• Shapinsay, Orkney, urn of steatite found in, [72].
• Shaw Hill, Kirkurd, hoard of gold objects found at, [138].
• Shields found in Viking graves, [18], [56].
• —— of bronze, decorated with enamels and figures of animals, [119].
• Ship-burials of the Viking time in Orkney, [59].
• —— in Norway, [62], [63].
• Shoes, burial with, [6], [7].
• Silver, ornaments of, found in Viking graves, [27], [28].
• —— hoards of ornaments and coins of, [78], [89], [109].
• —— Fibula of, found in the Broch of Carn-liath, [223].
• Skaill, Orkney, hoard of silver ornaments found at, [78].
• —— ornamented stone balls found at, [168].
• Skalagrim, burial of, [59].
• Skinnet, Caithness, Broch of, [199].
• Skjern, North Jutland, Runic monument at, [99], [100].
• Skye, arm-rings of silver found in, [109].
• —— ornamented stone ball found in, [167].
• Smith, Dr. R. Angus, investigation of Vitrified Fort on Loch Etive by, [277].
• Smith’s tools found in Viking graves in Scotland, [23].
• —— found in Viking graves in Scandinavia, [35].
• Snaburgh, Unst, Shetland, Broch of, [195].
• Solomon’s seal, geometric figure called, [255], [256].
• Spoons of bronze, Celtic, [134], [136].
• Stanhope, Peeblesshire, bronze armlet found at, [150].
• Stennis, Orkney, arm-rings of silver found at, [109].
• —— urn of steatite found at, [69].
• —— finger-rings of gold found at, [106].
• Stitchell bronze collar found at, [136], [137].
• Stone cups found in Brochs, [218], [233].
• Stuart, Professor, description of Earth-houses by, [292].
• Sutherlandshire, oval brooches found in, [43].
• —— the Brochs of, [216].
• Sweindrow, Rousay, Viking sword found at, [45].
• Swine’s head of bronze found in Banffshire, [117].
• Sword-hilt of Viking time found in Eigg, [49].
• —— found at Ultuna in Sweden, [52].
• Swords of iron found in Viking graves, [17], [33], [45], [48].
• —— with sheaths of bronze, [121].
• Sword-sheath of bronze found near Mortonhall, [120].